考虑设备预维护的柔性作业车间调度节能优化方法

随着能源成本的飙升和环境日益恶化,实现节能生产的策略越来越受到制造企业的关注.在车间实际生产调度过程中,机床设备的故障与维护会影响车间调度方案的顺利执行,进而导致出现车间加工资源冲突、能耗增大和完工时间延长等问题.为减少实际柔性作业车间加工过程中出现由于机床故障而导致加工中断的情况,提出一种考虑设备预维护的柔性作业车间调度节能优化方法.分析考虑设备预维护的柔性作业车间能耗特性,建立考虑设备预维护的柔性作业车间调度节能优化模型,设计机床预维护策略,并在此基础上提出一种启发式框架下的调度算法对节能优化模型进行求解,通过不同方案的对比分析,验证所提方法的有效性.     

基于改进候鸟算法的柔性作业车间分批调度问题

为了将可变批次的调度策略应用于生产,以提高大规模柔性作业车间的生产效率和设备利用率,针对柔性作业车间可变子批问题的特点,建立了以最小化完成时间和最小化批次数目为优化目标的多目标柔性作业车间调度模型和析取图模型,提出一种改进的候鸟算法求解该问题.算法设计了精英分批和可行邻域结构两种策略用于提高算法的搜索效率.通过对比实验验证了可变批次划分策略的优势和所提算法的有效性.     

多目标柔性作业车间稳健性动态调度研究

研究了以调度稳定性和鲁棒性为优化目标的柔性作业车间动态调度问题。建立了多目标柔性作业车间动态调度问题模型;针对动态事件特点,采用工件到达发生器和机器故障预维护发生器模拟动态事件,提出了基于周期与事件驱动的混合重调度策略,该策略在每个重调度点对工件进行完全重调度或右移重调度;为克服传统差分算法早熟的缺点,设计了一种改进的多目标差分进化算法求解该调度问题;实例验证了提出策略和算法的有效性。     

基于多规则设备分配及工序排序的FJSP多目标集成优化方法

为降低柔性作业车间调度多目标优化的复杂度,提高优化效率,提出一种基于多规则设备分配及工序排序的柔性作业车间调度多目标集成优化方法.建立了一类以完工时间、设备最大负荷、设备总负荷以及制造成本为优化目标的柔性作业车间调度多目标优化模型;针对模型的组合爆炸特点,为降低其复杂度,提出一种将多规则设备分配及工序排序相结合的集成调度思想;为进一步提高求解效率,提出一种面向对象数据处理技术用于处理各实体之间的数据交换;基于改进的非支配排序遗传算法思想,提出了基于多规则设备分配及上序排序的柔性作业车间调度多目标集成优化算法.通过仿真对比与应用验证了所提方法的有效性.     

基于非合作博弈和RFID的紧急加单下柔性作业车间动态调度方法

为了实现基于实时数据驱动的优化决策,针对紧急加单下柔性作业车间的动态调度问题,以原有调度计划的快速性和稳定性为目标,构建了基于非合作博弈和RFID的紧急加单下柔性作业车间动态调度数学模型。针对所建立的数学模型,给出了求解算法并求得博弈的纳什均衡点。而后给出了基于非合作博弈紧急加单下柔性作业车间动态调度的分配策略。在该分配策略中,将紧急加单任务的工序两两分为一组进行博弈,进而将加单的每道工序按照它们的实时状态分配给最优的机器。最后,通过生产实例仿真验证了模型和算法的有效性、可行性和稳定性。     

基于混合遗传鲸鱼优化算法的柔性作业车间自动导引车融合调度方法

针对柔性作业车间调度问题,考虑自动导引车(AGV)在车间制造过程中只参与装卸和搬运工作,提出一种实现AGV路径规划与柔性作业车间调度集成优化的融合调度模型。采用基于工序排序与机器选择两个子问题的二维向量编码方案,并在解码过程中提出基于最先服务原则的AGV安排策略。对鲸鱼优化算法进行离散化改进,针对性地设计了多种种群初始化策略,引入遗传算法的交叉、变异操作以提升鲸鱼优化算法的全局搜索能力,并嵌入局部搜索算法以达到全局搜索和局部搜索的平衡,构建了一种混合遗传鲸鱼优化算法（HGWOA）来求解该融合调度模型。通过经典测试算例验证了算法性能,并使用正交试验优化了算法参数。研究结果表明,HGWOA算法用于求解柔性作业车间AGV融合调度问题可以获得较好的效果。     

分时电价下基于NSGA-Ⅱ的柔性作业车间绿色调度

通过规划绿色生产调度实现了时间、经济和能耗三者的协同优化。以柔性作业车间为背景,结合分时电价政策,构建了设备不同工作状态下的设备能耗成本计算模型;同时兼顾碳排放与订单交付等绿色生产车间管理要求,建立了包括最小化碳排放、能耗成本和最大完工时间在内的柔性作业车间绿色调度多目标优化模型;为避免算法过早陷入"早熟"并保持种群多样性,采用基于动态控制参数和改进精英保留策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)进行求解;最后,通过具体算例验证了所建立模型的可行性与改进算法的优越性。     

基于维修时间窗的柔性作业车间调度优化研究

针对柔性作业车间调度和预防性维护的单目标集成优化问题,以最大完工时间为优化指标,建立了基于维修时间窗的集成优化模型,设计了混合“教与学”优化（HTLBO）算法求解该模型。提出一种“基于工序加工时间最短”的机器序列初始化策略,对部分初始种群进行初始优化,以提高部分初始解的质量,使得算法能够以较短的时间收敛。对文献中柔性作业车间调度的基准问题进行求解并比较其计算结果,初步证明该混合算法的可行性;针对集成维修时间窗的柔性作业车间调度优化模型,借鉴文献中的数据生成实例进行求解,并与其他算法进行比较,证明该混合算法的有效性。     

求解低碳车间调度问题的改进鲸鱼算法

针对传统柔性作业车间调度问题只考虑完工时间,设备利用率,完工成本等因素的局限,构建了以碳排放成本和完工时间成本加权和最小为目标的低碳柔性作业车间调度问题模型,并设计了一种改进的鲸鱼优化算法对其进行求解。首先,采用等长的两段式编码方式来表示柔性作业车间调度问题,引入基于ROV规则的转换机制,实现鲸鱼个体位置向量与调度解之间的相互转换。其次,采用基于一定比例的全局搜索、局部搜索和随机搜索的混合式种群初始化方法,生成一定质量的初始种群,同时设计了非线性收敛因子和自适应惯性权重系数来加强算法协调全局搜索和局部寻优的能力。再次,引入自适应调整搜索策略以提高算法跳出局部最优的能力。最后,通过实验数据验证了改进鲸鱼算法在求解低碳柔性作业车间调度问题方面的有效性。     

面向能耗的多工艺路线柔性作业车间分批优化调度模型

合理的调度方案能有效降低柔性作业车间总能耗。针对柔性作业车间中加工工件种类多、单批工件数量大、加工工艺路线柔性大等问题,研究一种面向能耗的多工艺路线柔性作业车间分批优化调度模型。分析柔性作业车间中工件加工过程能耗特性,以车间总能耗最低和完工时间最小为优化目标建立了多工艺路线柔性作业车间分批优化调度模型,并采用多目标模拟退火算法对模型进行优化求解。通过算法优化得到的调度方案与经验调度方案的对比分析,验证了该模型的有效性和实用性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.