2007年聚氯乙烯题录

1影响PVC黏数测定的因素及消除方法.中国氯碱,2007(1):23-252氯乙烯合成反应热水循环系统的改造.中国氯碱,2007(1):34-363PVC阻燃抑烟的研究进展.合成树脂及塑料,2007(1):77-814PVC树脂热稳定性评价方法——刚果红法和白度法.齐鲁石油化工,2007(1):74-765乙烯氧氯化法氯乙烯技术进展.中国氯碱,2007(4):14-156耐热聚氯乙烯树脂的技术进展.中国氯碱,2007(5):13-177PVC聚合釜防粘釜技术.中国氯碱,2007(5):18-198VCM精馏控制中的几个问题.中国氯碱,2007(5):20-249PVC树脂产品杂质的影响因素及改进措施.中国氯碱,2007(5):25-2610PVC转化…     

新型钾肥硫酸钾镁肥使用现状

硫酸钾镁肥产品标准GB/T 20937-2007于2007年9月1日实施,硫酸钾镁肥的定义为从盐湖卤水或固体钾镁盐矿中仅经物理方法提取或直接除去杂质制成的一种含镁、硫等中量元素的化合态钾肥,分子式为K2SO4·(MgSO4)m·nH2O,其中m=1～2, n=0～6;外观为粉状结晶或颗粒状产品,无机械杂质.该标准属于推荐性标准,而非强制性标准.     

ISO国际标准目录(2006.12～2007.3)

ISO正式标准目录TC35色漆和清漆TC41输送带ISO1520:2006ISO1522:2006ISO2808:2007ISO2812-1:2007ISO2812-2:2007ISO2812-3:2007ISO2812-4:2007ISO2812-5:2007ISO4628-6:2007ISO6504-3:2006ISO7142:2007ISO7143:2007ISO8501-4:2006ISO11507:2007ISO11890-2ISO11909:2007色漆和清     

(5S,6R)-2-苄基-6-[(1R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧乙基]-青霉烯-3-羧酸乙酯的合成

以(3R,4R)-3-[(1R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧乙基]-4-乙酰氧基氮杂环丁-2-酮(4AA)为原料,合成了标题化合物.中间体和产物的结构经 1HNMR、IR、元素分析和质谱表征.     

1-氨基-4-甲基哌嗪并芳香醛类希夫碱的合成与表征

1-氨基-4-甲基哌嗪是合成利福平重要的药物中间体,为探索芳香醛缩氨基哌嗪的合成条件,以1-氨基-4-甲基哌嗪与取代芳香醛为原料,在回流条件下,以无水乙醇为溶剂,冰醋酸为催化剂,合成了七种新型希夫碱化合物la～1g.所得化合物均经元素分析、IR和1H NMR确证.其中1b,1c,1d,1e,1f,1g化合物鲜见文献报道...     

5-烷基-2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑的合成及应用

用硫代氨基脲与甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸等在盐酸、磷酸、多聚磷酸、硫酸催化下 ,分别合成了 2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑 (a)、5 -甲基 -2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑 (b)、5 -乙基 -2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑 (c)、5 -丙基 -2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑 (d)、5 -异丙基 -2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑 (e)、5 -异丁基 -2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑 (f)。并对工艺条件进行了试验 ,结果表明 :最佳工艺条件为硫代氨基脲与酸的摩尔比为 1∶ 1 .4,合成 2 -氨基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑为多聚磷酸催化 ,合成其它的为浓盐酸催化 ,回流 3 h,产率分别为 96.78%、74.3 4%、73 .67%、71 .68%、68.44%、67.5 4%。同时以 a～f为原料合成了具有抗菌作用的 5 -烷基 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑硫脲乙酸和 5 -烷基 -2 -苯基 -硫脲 -1 ,3 ,4-噻二唑的衍生物     

3-乙氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的合成

以乙醇为溶剂,以异香兰素和溴乙烷为原料,以碘化钾为催化剂,碳酸钾为缚酸剂,合成3-乙氧基-4-甲氧基苯腈中间体3-乙氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛。考察了原料摩尔比、反应体系的压力、反应温度及时间等因素对产品收率的影响。最佳合成工艺条件为:异香兰素45. 6g(0. 30mol),异香兰素与溴乙烷摩尔比为1. 00:1. 15,0. 5MPa下于85℃下反应5h,3-乙氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的收率达到97%以上。     

(3R,4R)-3-[(1′R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧乙基]-4-乙酰氧基-2-氮杂环丁酮的合成

以化合物(3S,4S)-3-[(1′R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧乙基]-4-羧基-1-对甲氧基苯基-2-氮杂环丁酮为主要原料,以卟啉锰为催化剂,经氧化脱羧,再由O3氧化脱保护基制得(3R,4R)-3-[(1′R)-叔丁基二甲基硅氧乙基]-4-乙酰氧基-2-氮杂环丁酮(4AA),两步反应总收率达到83.7%.采用卟啉锰做催化剂进行脱羧氧化反应,使该步反应收率达到了93.0%.用FT-IR、1HNMR对最终产物结构进行了表征.     

4-(1H-3-吡唑基)苯甲酸甲酯的合成研究

以廉价易得的4-甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯为原料,经过Witting-Horner反应及关环反应得到目标化合物4-(1H-吡唑-3-基)苯甲酸甲酯,其结构经1 HNMR和ESI-MS确证.分别考察了两步反应的主要影响因素,确定Wittig-Horner反应的适宜条件为:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为反应溶剂;物料比n(4-甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯)∶n((E)-{2-[2-(4-甲苯磺酰基)肼基]乙基}磷酸二乙酯)=1.1∶1.关环反应的适宜条件为:n(对甲苯磺酸钠)∶n(4-[(1E,3E)-3-(2-对甲苯磺酰肼叉)丙-1-烯-1-基]苯甲酸甲酯)=3.0 ∶ 1;反应时间为2h.在该反应条件下,两步反应的收率分别为89.4％和92.2％,以4-甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯计,4-(1H-吡唑-3-基)苯甲酸甲酯的总收率为82.4％.     

N-取代-4-三氟甲基嘧啶-2-胺的合成

以2-氯-4-三氟甲基嘧啶和氨水或取代胺为原料合成了标题化合物.反应以乙醇为溶剂,n(取代胺):n(2-氯-4-三氟甲基嘧啶)=4:1,在110 ℃反应10 h,标题化合物收率约78%.分别用 1HNMR和元素分析对新化合物进行了表征.     

1,3,4-(噁)二唑类化合物杀菌活性研究进展

1,3,4-二唑类化合物因其独特的生物活性在农药、医药等领域受到广泛关注.将1,3,4-二唑环引入不同的化合物结构中,通过结构修饰能生成一系列具有广谱生物活性的化合物.它在新型农药创制中发挥越来越重要的作用.按照不同的结构进行分类,从杀菌方面对1,3,4-二唑类化合物的生物活性研究进展进行了综述,重点介绍了该类化合物的一些生物活性研究方面的工作,并对它的发展趋势和应用前景作了展望.     

生态环境中的含氟有机物

含氟有机化合物具有重要的应用价值,由于大量使用,目前已成为一种普遍的环境污染物。含氟有机物具有高稳定性,被认为是难降解的,且是生物惰性的,但其生物惰性以及对环境的影响还是有争议的。本文综述有关含氟有机化合物对生态环境的污染以及微生物对该类物质的降解与转化。     

Impact and Friction Sensitivity of Energetic Materials:Methodical Evaluation of Technological Safety Features

Key methods developed and used in the USSR and in the Russian Federation to determine the impact and friction sensitivity of energetic materials and explosives have been discussed.Experimental methodologies and instruments that underlie the assessment of their production and handling safety have been described.Studies of a large number of compounds have revealed relationships between their sensitivity parameters and structure of individual compounds and compositions.The range of change of physical and chemical characteristics for the compounds we examined covers the entire region of their existence.Theoretical methodology and equations have been formulated to estimate the impact and friction sensitivity parameters of energetic materials and to evaluate the technological safety in use.The developed methodology is characterized by high-accuracy calculations and prediction of sensitivity parameters.     

Total Syntheses of Useful Bioactive Compounds

The first total syntheses of a variety of useful bioactive compounds have been accomplished by practically useful strategies. In addition practically useful intermediates have been developed, analogues of natural products have been prepared, their structure‐activity relationships studied, and the large‐scale preparations of medically useful compounds established. The target molecules are antibiotics, antifungals, antitumor antibiotics, compounds related to β‐lactam antibiotics, enzyme inhibitors, central nervous system‐affecting products, non‐steroidal progesterone receptor ligands, mussel‐attachment inhibitors, and so on.     

Anti-Pigmentary Natural Compounds and Their Mode of Action

Hyper-activated melanocytes are the major cause of skin hyper-pigmentary disorders, such as freckles and melasma. Increasing efforts have been made to search for materials with depigmenting activity to develop functional cosmetics. As a result, numerous materials have been reported to have depigmenting activity but some of them are known to cause unwanted side effects. Consequently, anti-pigmentary natural compounds without concern of toxicity are in great demand. Virtually all sorts of natural sources have been investigated to find anti-pigmentary natural compounds. This review summarizes recently reported anti-pigmentary natural compounds and their mode of action from the ocean, plants, and bacteria.     

磺胺类化合物生物活性研究进展

磺胺类化合物因其广泛的生物活性在医药、农药领域备受关注。对磺胺类化合物杀菌、抗病毒活性的研究进行了分类综述,并展望了它的发展趋势和应用前景。     

Organometallic Compounds: An Opportunity for Chemical Biology?

Organometallic compounds are renowned for their remarkable applications in the field of catalysis, but much less is known about their potential in chemical biology. Indeed, such compounds have long been considered to be either unstable under physiological conditions or cytotoxic. As a consequence, little attention has been paid to their possible utilisation for biological purposes. Because of their outstanding physicochemical properties, which include chemical stability, structural diversity and unique photo- and electrochemical properties, however, organometallic compounds have the ability to play a leading role in the field of chemical biology. Indeed, remarkable examples of the use of such compounds-notably as enzyme inhibitors and as luminescent agents-have recently been reported. Here we summarise recent advances in the use of organometallic compounds for chemical biology purposes, an area that we define as "organometallic chemical biology". We also demonstrate that these recent discoveries are only a beginning and that many other organometallic complexes are likely to be found useful in this field of research in the near future.     

噻唑类杀虫剂的研究进展

目前杂环化合物的发展呈现出多元化的趋势,其中噻唑类化合物是近年来发展的一个新亮点。尤其噻唑基团引入到各种不同的化合物结构中,通过结构修饰能产生一系列具有广谱生物活性化合物,使得它在新型超高效农药创制中发挥出越来越重要的作用。本文从杀虫方面对噻唑化合物的生物活性研究进行了综述,重点介绍了该类化合物的一些生物活性研究方面的工作,简述了不同取代基团对噻唑类衍生物生物活性的影响,并对它的发展趋势和应用前景作了展望。     

Fulvenes and Thermochromic Ethylenes. Part 52 The Fine Structure of 2-Arylmethylene-1,3-Indandiones; their NMR and Infrared Spectra

A large number of 2-arylmethylene-1,3-indandiones have been prepared and their nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectra have been measured. The measurements have been used to elucidate some details of the fine structure of these compounds.     

对有潜力作为生物农药物质的新研究

介绍了一些已知有非农药用途活性的生物发酵液和其活性物质的农药活性的最新研究，其中一些物质对病虫害的作用可与商业化制剂媲美。指出对已有各种用途天然源物质进行生物农药开发研究是开发农药的一个重要的途径。