磁悬浮永磁直线电动机及其控制系统研究

根据磁悬浮永磁直线电动机的特殊结构与运行机理,给出了电动机电磁推力和悬浮力的数学模型。建立了磁悬浮永磁直线电动机的有限元计算模型,对气隙磁密、电磁推力和悬浮力进行了有限元计算,并对气隙磁密作了谐波分析。设计了磁悬浮永磁直线电动机的研究样机,制作了磁悬浮子系统和进给伺服子系统,对系统进行实验研究,获得了磁悬浮子系统和进给子系统运行的实验结果。实验研究结果表明,该磁悬浮永磁直线电动机可实现直接驱动与无摩擦运行。     

U型无铁心永磁直线电机样机设计与研究

设计了一种在大行程精密定位台中运用到的U型无铁心永磁直线电机。在分析该电机定子磁路和动子绕组的设计特点的基础上,采用Maxwell 2D Transient求解器模块,对电机磁路特性和电机在空载与负载两种工况下主要特性进行分析,得到了电机空载反电动势、电机磁链、定位力特性和电磁推力。通过对电机进行理论和有限元分析,在此基础上设计制造了试验样机,避免了传统设计方法的盲目性、高成本、周期长的弱点。     

U型无铁芯永磁直线电机样机设计与有限元分析

针对传统设计方法的盲目性、高成本、周期长的问题.通过设计一种应用于大行程精密定位台中的U型无铁芯永磁直线电机(PMLM),探讨了一种新的设计方法.在分析其定子磁路和动子绕组结构特点的基础上,初步设计了电机参数.采用Maxwell 2DTransient求解器模块对电机特性进行分析,得到了电机空载反电动势、电机磁链、定位力特性和电磁推力.通过理论设计和有限元分析相结合的方法,设计制造了一台实验样机,并进行了相关实验.实验结果表明,电机的重复定位精度达2 μm;加速度能在0.08x内达到14 m/s2,在不同速度下的反向电动势成线性关系且与理论分析的吻合.研究结果表明,样机达到了设计要求,验证了设计方法的可行性.     

可控励磁磁悬浮进给平台电磁特性的有限元分析

设计一种可控励磁直线同步电动机磁悬浮进给平台,平台与直线同步电动机动子固定相连,直线同步电动机同时实现平台的进给与悬浮。可控励磁磁悬浮进给平台的电动机定子为直流励磁,磁极既是励磁磁极也是平台的悬浮磁极,磁极与动子铁心间的法向力为平台的悬浮力,调节励磁电流改变平台的悬浮力;电枢在磁场中受到的切向力为驱动平台的电磁推力,调节电枢电流以调节平台的电磁推力。为了研究可控励磁直线同步电动机磁悬浮进给平台的电磁特性,建立了该平台的数学模型和运动方程,并在数学模型的基础之上对电磁推力与悬浮力进行有限元计算。电磁推力的解析计算结果与有限元分析结果相比较,最大相对误差为8.73%,悬浮力的解析计算结果与有限元分析的结果相比较,最大相对误差为19.15%。计算结果表明可控励磁磁悬浮进给平台运行的可行性。     

永磁直线电机结构参数的DFSS和响应面法优化

在研究潜油直线电机的参数匹配过程中,提出了一种圆筒型永磁同步直线电机结构参数优化设计方法。基于一种六西格玛设计(DFSS)理念,结合数理统计理论,分析了气隙长度、定子轭厚度、齿宽、齿形角、主磁通永磁体有效长度、半闭口槽宽、极弧系数等参数对电机电磁推力及齿槽力影响。以增大推力及降低齿槽力为优化目标,采用2IV 7-3部分析因试验设计法,对电机主要本体结构参数进行筛选优化。分别筛选出了影响电磁推力和齿槽力的显著因子,并利用响应面法建立了相应的非线性数学模型。通过多目标遗传算法获得了Pareto最优解,得出最优结构参数组合。优化前后有限元仿真结果表明:平均电磁推力提升了28.83%,齿槽力降低了18%,推力及齿槽力波动显著减小;基于DFSS和响应面的优化方法用于研究潜油直线电机电磁结构参数优化是可行的。     

基于JMAG的无铁心永磁直线电机优化设计

针对高速运行时有铁心直线电机铁耗大、效率低的不足,提出一种动磁式无铁心永磁直线电机模型.采用专业电磁分析软件JMAG对无铁心直线电机电磁场进行了瞬态分析计算.以电磁推力及其波动为优化目标,分别计算了不同电磁参数对电磁推力及其波动的影响.利用瞬态分析进行电机优化设计,提高了电机设计的精度.     

一种结合LabVIEW的双层永磁直线电机测试系统

针对解决传统电机测试系统测试耗时长、过程繁琐、精度低等问题,利用圆筒型双层永磁体空心直线发电机的特殊性能,研究开发了一种直线电机的测试系统。对电机运行进行了效率测试实验,测量了电机运动速度、推拉力、电压等信号,并通过数据的采集、传送装置实现了信号的上传;同时,结合LabVIEW的软件开发平台,检测并记录了信号的实时波形,研究了虚拟仪器技术在电机测试系统中的应用。实验结果表明:该待测直线发电机在速度为350 mm/s,加速度为7 000 mm/s2,负载电阻为196Ω时的运行效率为93.01%,研究结果表明,该电机测试系统拥有较高的可行性和测量精度,为新型待测直线发电机测试系统的设计提供了重要依据。     

磁悬浮进给机构设计

设计了一种集磁悬浮技术和线性驱动技术为一体的精密磁悬浮进给机构。这种机构采用直线同步电动机对悬浮平台进给机构提供驱动力。实现了进给机构在水平和垂直两方向的无接触支撑和导向，具有响应快速、刚度高以及定位精确的特点，能够满足微电子设备高精度、高效率和超洁净加工的需要。文章还对磁悬浮力和直线电动机推力进行了分析计算。     

新型混合励磁磁悬浮进给平台的解耦控制研究

针对数控机床进给平台存在的摩擦问题,提出一种基于混合励磁直线同步电机的新型磁悬浮进给平台的结构及运行原理。该磁悬浮进给平台推进系统和悬浮系统共用一个气隙磁场,电磁推力和法向力存在磁力耦合现象。对混合励磁直线同步电机的电磁推力和法向力进行了数值分析及有限元验证;建立了系统相应的状态方程和输出方程,并对系统进行了解耦控制。仿真结果证明:采用输入变换结合状态反馈可以实现电磁推力和法向力的完全解耦,有利于提高进给平台运动的平稳性及定位精度。     

直线电机驱动的H型气浮导轨运动平台

建立了双边直线电机驱动的H型气浮精密定位平台,对该精密定位系统的气浮导轨设计方法和双边直线电机同步运动控制等关键技术进行了研究。利用有限元法设计了气浮导轨,分析了气膜压力场的分布情况,采用预加载技术提高气浮导轨的承载能力和刚度等性能。静态特性实验表明,开发的定位平台气浮导轨具有较高的承载能力和刚度,X、Y导轨的竖直方向静刚度为276.9 N/μm和333.3 N/μm。设计了基于同步速度偏差的改进型并联结构同步控制器,采用模糊控制实现PID参数的自适应在线整定。运动实验表明,改进的控制器具有较高的同步控制精度,速度同步精度比一般同步控制提高了3倍多,适合于具有强机械耦合的多电机同步运动控制。H型直线电机气浮定位平台具有承载能力强、精度高的优点,可以用于光刻机和光学检测等精密工程领域。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.