马来酸酐接枝POE改性SAN树脂的制备与性能研究

利用熔融接枝法制备了马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH），探讨了过氧化异丙苯（DCP）和马来酸酐（MAH）用量对POE—g—MAH接枝率的影响，得出了最佳的DCP和MAH用量分别为0．10份和2．0份。将不同接枝率的POE—g—MAtt与丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物（SAN树脂）共混，发现POE—g—MAH的接枝率越高，对POE—g-MAH／SAN体系的缺口冲击强度的提高越显著。     

聚丙烯熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐的研究

研究了通过双螺杆挤出机聚丙烯熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐制马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP—g—MAH）的工艺，包括单体马来酸酐（MAH）、引发剂DCP的用量及熔融反应温度和时间对聚丙烯（PP）熔融接枝MAH的接枝率的影响。结果表明：DCP、MAH的用量对PP—g—MAH接枝率影响比较明显，其最佳配比为DCP0．15份、MAH2份；最佳工艺条件为挤出螺杆转速40r／min，反应温度195-200℃。     

马来酸酐接枝乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物的研究

以过氧化物为引发剂、马来酸酐（MAH）为单体,采用溶液法对乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物（EBA）进行接枝改性,并用傅立叶红外光谱技术对接枝物（EBA—g—MAH）进行了表征。系统考察了引发剂种类及用量、反应温度、反应时间、单体用量等因素对接枝率及熔体流动速率的影响。实验结果显示,EBA接枝MAH的优化反应条件是：原料配比为m（EBA）：m（MAH）：m（BPO）=100：2：0．28,反应时间为4h,反应温度为90℃,接枝率可达0．78％。随着反应温度的升高,接枝物的熔体流动速率急剧下降。不同的过氧化物引发剂对接枝反应的影响明显不同,与过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）相比,选择过氧化二苯甲酰（BPO）为引发剂,接枝效果较好,同时所得接枝物的MFR值适中。     

POE／PE参混反应挤出接枝马来酸酐

研究了辛烯一乙烯共聚物／聚乙烯（POE／PE）的参混比例、马来酸酐（MAH）单体和过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量变化、第二单体的种类、反应温度、螺杆转速、真空度对接枝产品性能的影响情况以及接枝产品与尼龙共混注塑打样后的性能，得到了使该种接枝产品使用性能最佳的配方和工艺条件。     

POE／PE参混反应挤出接枝马来酸酐

研究了辛烯-乙烯共聚物／聚乙烯（POE／PE）的参混比例、马来酸酐（MAH）单体和过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量变化、第二单体的种类、反应温度、螺杆转速、真空度对接枝产品性能的影响情况以及接枝产品与尼龙共混注塑打样后的性能，得到了使该种接枝产品使用性能最佳的配方和工艺条件。     

ABS-g-MAH增韧聚酰胺6的研究

采用乳液聚合技术合成的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）和马来酸酐（MAn）接枝的ABS接枝共聚物（ABS-g-MAH）作为聚酰胺6（PA6）的增韧剂。红外光谱（FTIR）研究表明MAH在接枝共聚物中以接枝共聚和游离共聚两种方式存在；流变性能结果显示，随着MAH用量的增加，PA6／ABS-g-MAH共混体系扭矩逐渐上升；透射电镜（TEM）观察发现，ABS在PA6中发生明显的聚集，相区尺寸很大，随着MAH的引入，ABS相形态得到改善，当MAH含量高于1％时，ABS在PA6中均匀分散，表明基体与分散相的相容性得以提高；与PA6／ABS相比，PA6／ARS-MAH的脆一韧转变温度向低温方向移动，冲击韧性提高；扫描电镜（SEM）结果表明，PA6／ABS-g-MAH共混体系的形变机理是PA6基体的剪切屈服和ABS-g-MAH橡胶粒子的空洞化。     

相容剂对PP/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响

研究了2种相容荆PP—g-MAH（马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯）、POE—g—MAH（马来酸酐接枝乙烯辛烯共聚物）对PP／PA6（聚丙烯／聚酰胺6）共混体系力学性能的影响。研究结果表明，2种相容荆的加入都使PP／PA6体系的相容性增加，但PP—g—MAH的加入主要表现为增强效果，而POE-g-MAH的加入主要表现为增韧效果。     

苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物及其接枝马来酸酐增韧聚苯乙烯/纳米碳酸钙复合材料

以过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂,通过单螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,制备了苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐（SIS—MAH）,研究了SIS及SIS—MAH对聚苯乙烯（Ps）／纳米碳酸钙（nano—CaCO3）复合材料物理、力学性能的影响,对其结构进行了表征。结果表明,MAH的用量宜为SIS质量分数的3％,DCP的用量应小于MAH质量分数的0．3％;当1份nano—CaCO3加入到PS／SIS（质量比100／2）复合材料3中,SIS与nano—CaCO3产生协同增韧效应,复合材料的无缺口冲击强度可提高到9．83kJ／m^2,但其缺口敏感性增大;SIS—MAH较SIS对PS／nano—CaCO3复合材料具有更好的增韧效果,接枝率为3．08％的SIS—MAH改性PS／CaCO3复合材料（质量比100／5／6）的无缺口冲击强度可提高到11．69kJ／m^2;当SIS用量为6份时,SIS改性复合材料不发生弯曲断裂;当SIS—MAH用量为2份时,SIS—MAH改性复合材料不发生弯曲断裂。     

马来酸酐接枝乙烯—1—辛烯共聚物的研究

采用熔融法制备了马来酸酊（MAH）接枝乙烯－1－辛烯共聚物（POE），讨论了引发剂用量，MAH用量，阻交联剂，接枝反应温度，反应时间对接枝率和凝胶率的影响。     

增容剂对废旧PS／PE-HD／废旧ABS／木粉复合材料性能的影响

以过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂，在转矩流变仪中分别制备了丙烯酸（AA）接枝聚苯乙烯（PS-g-AA），马来酸酐（MAH）、AA接枝PS[PS-g-（MAH-co-AA）]和MAH、醋酸乙烯酯（VAc）接枝PS[PS-g-（MAH-co-VAc）]三种增容剂。经红外光谱分析，所得产物均为目标产物。接枝率测定结果表明，三种增容剂中PS-g-（MAH-co-VAc）的接枝率最高，达到2．43％。研究了三种增容剂对木塑复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：三种增容剂均可提高木塑复合材料的力学性能和加工性能。扫描电镜测试结果同时表明，增容剂能更好地提高木塑复合材料中基体与木粉的界面黏结强度。     

丙烯酸酯与丙烯酰胺共聚物表面活性剂的合成

研究了烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚丙烯酸酯活性大单体的合成。以ＤＭＦ为溶剂,过氧化物为引发剂,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚丙烯酸酯（ＡＥ）、丙烯酰胺（ＡＭ）和丙烯酸异辛酯（ＭＧ）共聚,得到了三元共聚物（ＡＥＡＭＭＧ）高分子表面活性剂,探讨了单体组成、引发剂和溶剂用量、反应温度对共聚物表面活性和粘度的影响。结果表明,ＡＥＡＭＭＧ共聚物表面高,增粘能力强,１％共聚物水溶液的表面张力低达３２．４ｍＮ／ｍ,油水界面张力小于１ｍＮ     

三种有发展前景的制备热塑性弹性体的方法

综述了三种有发展前景的合成热塑性弹性体的方法,包括阳离子共聚法、大分子单体与小分子单体共聚法及乳液接技共聚法,并讨论了其产物的结构与性能的关联.     

Preparation and properties of semifluorinated block copolymers of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and fluorooctyl methacrylates

Semifluorinated block copolymers of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(fluorooctyl methacrylates) (PFOMA) were prepared using group transfer polymerisation via sequential monomer addition. Wide ranges of copolymers were obtained with good control over both molecular weight and composition by adjusting the monomers/initiator ratio. The micellar characteristics of the copolymers in water and chloroform were investigated by quasi-elastic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The size and morphologies of micelles were greatly influenced by copolymer composition, pH, and temperature. In addition, the solubility of copolymers and the formation of water-in-carbon dioxide (W/C) microemulsions were described in terms of the cloud points. The block copolymers exhibited the excellent ability of stabilizing W/C microemulsions.     

傅立叶变换红外光谱法快速测定乙丙共聚物中的乙烯含量

研究了用傅立叶变换红外光谱法测定乙丙共聚物中乙烯含量的方法。建立了傅立叶红外光谱法快速测定乙丙共聚物中乙烯含量的标准工作曲线,对其准确性和精密度进行了评价。结果表明,测定样品的最大相对误差为2.82%,重复测定同一样片的相对标准偏差为0.48%,方法的准确性和精密度良好。该方法适用于乙烯质量分数为0%~33%的乙丙无规共聚物和嵌段共聚物的测定,并且已在生产中得到很好的应用。     

Surface properties of block and graft polystyrene–polydimethylsiloxane copolymers

The surface compositions of a series of polystyrene‐b‐polydimethylsiloxane (PS‐b‐PDMS) and polystyrene‐g‐polydimethylsiloxane (PS‐g‐PDMS) copolymers were investigated using ATR‐FTIR and XPS technique. The results showed that enrichment of PDMS soft segments occurred on the surface of the block copolymers as well as on that of graft copolymers. And the magnitude order of the enrichment was as follows: PS‐b‐PDMS > PS‐g‐PDMS, which was attributed to the facilitating of the movement of the PDMS segments in PS‐b‐PDMS copolymer. Meanwhile, the solvent type and the contact medium had influence on the accumulation of PDMS on the surfaces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006     

Effect of composition of added random copolymer on the phase behavior of block copolymer

Blends of styrene-butadiene diblock copolymer (S-B, 52 wt% styrene content) and styrene-butadiene random copolymer (SBR) of various styrene compositions were studied by small-angle X-ray scattering, light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The composition of random copolymer plays an important role in the solubilization of SBR in S-B. The order-disorder transition temperature, T_ODT, decreases linearly with the addition of SBR. T_ODT decreases as the symmetry in SBR composition increases and shows the highest value in the case of homopolymers. Asymmetric butadiene-rich SBR dissolves mostly into PB microdomain of S-B to increase lamella microdomain spacing, D, and its addition makes the overall microdomains of S and B in the mixture more asymmetrical. Symmetric SBR is localized into the interface of S-B microdomain to reduce unfavorable S-B contact at the interface. The phase diagram for S-B containing asymmetric SBR shows a succession of mixed mesophases of different morphologies from lamellae and cylinder to disordered liquid phases, whereas the phase diagram containing symmetric SBR shows two homogeneous phases and one region of two-phase coexistence, where macroscopically separated phases coexist together.     

Premade vs. reactively formed compatibilizers for PMMA/PS melt blends

The efficiency of two compatibilization methods, adding premade copolymers versus in situ formation of copolymers, were compared by evaluating the minor phase size and size distribution. Premade diblock copolymers were formed by coupling amine terminal polystyrene (PS-NH₂) with anhydride terminal poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-An) in solution. Mid-functional PMMA was coupled with the PS-NH₂ to form graft copolymers. The same block and graft copolymers were formed in situ during melt blending. After mixing, the particle size and distribution were analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). While both methods compatibilized blends, in situ formation reduced the minor phase size further. For the reactive case, graft copolymers are slight better than the block ones. This is attributed to a greater capacity for reducing interfacial tension. For the premade case, block copolymers compatibilize better at low copolymer concentration while graft copolymers work better at high concentration. As the amount of block copolymers added into the blends increases, the number of micelles increases significantly. This is believed to be the reason why premade copolymers are less capable of compatibilizing blends than the reactively formed ones.     

Micellization of synthetic and polysaccharides-based graft copolymers in aqueous media

This review highlights recent advances in the micellization of synthetic graft copolymers and those based on natural precursors, particularly polysaccharides. Synthesis and characterization of a broad range of architectures are discussed, along with different micellization procedures and fundamental micellar characteristics, such as morphology and size. Micelle formation by synthetic graft copolymers in aqueous media is examined in detail for different architectures of nonionic, ionic, and temperature and pH stimuli-responsive “double hydrophilic” copolymers. In this context, the problems associated with unimolecular micelles and the correlations between molecular characteristics are further addressed. In addition to backbone and side chain molecular weights, grafting density and topology are the major parameters that directly influence graft copolymer micellization. A similar overview is provided for graft copolymers based on polysaccharides, such as cellulose, chitosan, dextran, and starch. Finally, an outlook is given on the prospects for further development in this area.     

Calorimetric study of block-copolymers of poly(n-butyl acrylate) and gradient poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate)

The nanophase separation in diblock and triblock copolymers consisting of immiscible poly(n-butyl acrylate) (block A) and gradient copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n-butyl acrylate (nBA) (block M/A) were investigated by means of their heat capacity, C_p, as a function of the composition of the blocks M/A and temperature. In all copolymers studied, both blocks are represented by their C_p and glass transition temperature, T_g, as well as the broadening of the transition-temperature range. The low-temperature transition of the blocks A is always close to that of the pure poly(n-butyl acrylate) and is independent of the analyzed compositions of the block copolymer, but broadened asymmetrically relative to the homopolymer due to the small phase size. The higher transition is related to the glass transition of the copolymer block of composition M/A. Besides the asymmetric broadening of the transition due to the phase separation, it decreases in T_g and broadens, in addition, symmetrically with increasing acrylate content. The concentration gradient is not able to introduce a further phase separation with a third glass transition inside the M/A block.     

Optimizing Chain Topology of Bottle Brush Copolymer for Promoting the Disorder-to-Order Transition

The order-disorder transitions (ODT) of core-shell bottle brush copolymer and its structural isomers were investigated by dissipative particle dynamics simulations and theoretically by random phase approximation. Introducing a chain topology parameter λ which parametrizes linking points between M diblock chains each with N monomers, the degree of incompatibility at ODT ((χN)ODT; χ being the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter between constituent monomers) was predicted as a function of chain topology parameter (λ) and the number of linked diblock chains per bottle brush copolymer (M). It was found that there exists an optimal chain topology about λ at which (χN)ODT gets a minimum while the domain spacing remains nearly unchanged. The prediction provides a theoretical guideline for designing an optimal copolymer architecture capable of forming sub-10 nm periodic structures even with non-high χ components.