氮化硅对石英陶瓷性能的影响

研究了氮化硅加入物对石英陶瓷性能的影响。结果表明,氮化硅有助于石英陶瓷的烧结,而对烧结温度无影响。在1150－1200℃的温度范围内,添加0．5－1．5％的氮化硅不会引导石英玻璃的析晶。烧成在1150－1200℃温度范围内,石英陶瓷的强度、体积密度随氮化硅的添加量增大和烧结温度提高而增大,而石英陶瓷的显气孔率随氮化硅添加量的增大和烧结温度的升高而减小。     

石英陶瓷烧结过程中氮化硅的影响

本文研究了氮化硅加入物对石英陶瓷性能的影响。结果表明,氮化硅有助于石英陶瓷的烧结,而对烧结温度无影响。烧成在1150℃~1200℃温度范围内,石英陶瓷的强度、体积密度随氮化硅的添加量增大和烧结温度提高而增大,而石英陶瓷的显气孔率随氮化硅添加量的增大和烧结温度的升高而减小。     

致密石英陶瓷的配方研究

本项目利用形成玻璃的添加物和浸渍工艺研制出了致密的石英陶瓷。分析了添加剂在坯体烧结中的作用和浸渍过程对烧结后试样性能的影响，得到了吸水率低于０．５％的致密石英陶瓷。     

氮化硅对石英陶瓷性能影响

研究了氮化硅加入物对石英陶瓷性能的影响。结果表明,氮化硅有助于石英陶瓷的烧结,而对烧结温度无影响。在1150℃￣1200℃的温度范围内,添加0.5￣1.5%的氮化硅不会引导石英玻璃的析晶。烧成在1150℃￣1200℃温度范围内,石英陶瓷的强度、体积密度随氮化硅的添加量增大和烧结温度提高而增大,而石英陶瓷的显气孔率随氮化硅添加量的增大和烧结温度的升高而减小。     

熔融石英陶瓷烧结工艺中的影响因素分析

主要介绍了熔融石英陶瓷制备过程中烧结工序对制品可能产生的影响，以及在烧结石英陶瓷中通常会出现的问题与相应的解决方法。     

石英陶瓷的研究

系统地研究了影响石英陶瓷性能的诸因素，为正确指导石英陶瓷生产，获得理想的石英陶瓷制品提供了科学的依据。     

石英陶瓷的研究应用现状及发展前景

本文综述了石英陶瓷的应用现状,对其研究、应用进行了较为详细的探讨,然后介绍了石英陶瓷增强技术的发展情况,并对石英陶瓷的发展前景和趋势作了介绍。     

外加剂对石英-水系统性能影响的研究

研究了外加剂碳酸钠、腐植酸钠和陶瓷减水剂(AST)对石英-水系统相对粘度的影响,确定了石英-水系统合适的外加剂及其加入量.     

石英陶瓷注凝成型影响因素的研究

介绍了熔融石英陶瓷的注凝成型机理及其工艺过程,分析讨论了影响熔融石英陶瓷注凝成型的主要因素,通过研究确定了合理的制备工艺参数.     

保温时间对熔融石英陶瓷析晶及物理性能的影响

熔融石英陶瓷具有良好性能,广泛应用于高技术领域.本文通过XRD、SEM等分析手段研究了保温时间对熔融石英陶瓷析晶及物理性能的影响.结果表明随着保温时间增加,熔融石英陶瓷体积密度随之增大,抗弯强度先增大后逐渐降低;当保温时间大于5 h后,熔融石英开始析出α-方石英晶体,析晶程度随保温时间延长而加剧.结合表面显气孔率、内部气孔电镜照片以及XRD图谱,分析气孔大小、分布及结晶相对抗弯强度影响.     

Preparation and characteristics of a waterborne preventive stain coating material with organic-inorganic composites

With the goal of developing a waterborne coating material that prevents staining, organic-inorganic composites prepared from colloidal silica and two types of acrylic resin emulsions were investigated as exterior coatings. conventional acrylic resin emulsion and organic silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion prepared by emulsion polymerization were mixed with colloidal silica to form organic-inorganic comiposite films. The addition of colloidal silica to emulsions yielded films with higher hydrophilicities, as indicated by lower water contact angles for these films in comparison to films without colloidal silica. The water contact angles of organic silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion/colloidal silica films were lower than those of acrylic resin emulsion/colloidal silica films. Composite films containing colloidal silica particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter showed high hydrophilicities. Observations of the dispersed state of colloidal silicaparticles in organic-inorganic composite films by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that colloidal silica particles were densely aggregated on the film surface. Outdoor exposure tests of the coating materials prepared from organic silane hybridized acrylic resin and colloidal silica particles with diameters of 7.5 nm showed excellent stain resistance.     

稻壳制备活性炭联产二氧化硅工艺

采用物理法将稻壳炭化,炭化料用酸碱处理,固体残渣经高温水蒸汽活化制备活性炭,脱灰液体采用沉淀法制备SiO2. 结果表明,用2.5 mol/L NaOH溶液按液固比10 mL/g脱灰的炭化料所制活性炭比表面积为961.8 m2/g,比不脱灰炭化料所制活性炭增加136%,总孔容积增加103.8%,对碘和亚甲基蓝的吸附容量分别为1270和300 mg/g. 在10% HCl、煅烧温度600℃条件下所制SiO2粒径为40~60 nm,为无定型结构,比表面积达330 m2/g,纯度达99.84%.     

新型复合水性建筑外墙涂料的研制

研究了一种以有机高分子聚丙烯酸乳液 (纯丙乳液 )、聚醋酸乙烯酯 (PVAc)乳液与无机材料硅溶胶三者复合为基料 ,同时选用合适的颜 (填 )料、助剂、水等优化加成得到一种有机—无机复合水性外墙涂料。它具有硬度高、耐污染、抗水、耐老化、耐酸碱等优异综合性能 ,且无公害 ,是一种理想的建筑物外部装饰材料     

球形成型活性炭的制备及性能研究

以木质粉末活性炭为原料,凹凸棒土为添加剂,硅溶胶为粘结剂,制备了球形成型活性炭。考察了活性炭与凹凸棒土质量比、硅溶胶加入量、焙烧温度和焙烧时间等因素对球形成型活性炭的干强度、湿强度和亚甲基蓝去除率的影响。结果表明,活性炭与凹凸棒土质量比为7∶3,25%硅溶胶溶液加入量为35%,在380℃温度下焙烧60 min制备的球形成型活性炭具有较优异的综合性能。制备的球形成型活性炭颗粒不仅可用于干燥环境如日常生活空气净化,而且可用于潮湿环境和污水处理中。     

Characterization and adsorption behaviors of a novel synthesized mesoporous silica coated carbon composite

A novel mesoporous silica coated carbon composite(denoted SEG) with hierarchical pore structure has been successfully prepared in an aqueous solution that contains triblock copolymer template, aluminum chloride, siliceous source and expanded graphite. Textural property and morphology of the SEG composite were characterized by the combination of X-ray diffraction, N_2 adsorption–desorption, scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared measurements. Results show that mesoporous silica is steadily and uniformly grown on the surface of the graphite slices and the thickness of the silica layer can be finely tuned according to the silica/C molar ratio in the initial reaction solution. This newly synthesized SEG composite shows greatly increased adsorption capacity to methylene blue than the pristine expanded graphite in the batch tests. Both Langmuir and Frendlich models were further used to evaluate the adsorption isotherms of methylene blue over expanded graphite and SEG samples with different silica contents. Finally, pseudosecond-order model was used to describe the kinetics of methylene blue over expanded graphite and the silica-carbon composites.     

新型转光剂的制备及在农膜中的应用

通过溶胶－凝胶法将有机荧光机包覆在无机凝胶中,制得了一种新的有机－无机杂化材料。该杂化材料能有效吸收254－365nm范围的紫外光,在约450nm处产生强的蓝色荧光,并具有很好的光热稳定性;与聚乙烯薄膜具有良好的结合力,且不影响薄膜的加工工艺与物理性能;在薄膜加工中原有组分的光学性能基本保持不变。     

茁霉多糖发酵和提取的研究

茁霉多糖是出芽短梗霉产生的细胞外多糖,一般都一蓝黑色素伴随着茁霉多糖一起产生,因此,出芽短梗霉俗称黑酵母。茁霉多糖一种无色无味的中性多糖,极易溶于水。具有安全性,无毒性,耐热性,耐酸碱性,耐盐性,粘性,可塑性,成膜性质等特性,具有广泛的应用前景。本实验选用出芽短梗霉3.933号菌种,进行复壮,发酵培养。并且采用醇提法提取茁霉多糖。     

Enhance photocatalysis of TiO2 and ZnO ceramics by addition of fused silica as a UV guiding medium

We report a facile method to prepare porous TiO₂ and ZnO photo-catalytic ceramics in which colloidal silica was added to yield nano fused silica (FS). The colloidal silica forms continuous media within the porous ceramic structure, and when calcined at 550 °C, it converted to fused silica phase which is an excellent UV wave-guiding material. With light wave guiding effect of FS and capillary effect of reaction solution in the porous channels, the photo-catalytic reactions could occur at the vast active sites at interface inside the porous bulks, as well as at the external surfaces. Photo-catalysis experiments and kinetics were investigated and analyzed. The photo-catalytic efficiencies tested for methylene blue were enhanced by a factor of 4.1 for TiO₂/FS system and, astonishingly, by a factor of 34.6 for ZnO/FS system, when compared with pure TiO₂ and ZnO under identical testing conditions. A model of UV-waveguide ceramic systems was proposed and discussed. This study proposes a practical approach to construct UV-waveguide porous structures, of which the principle is also potentially applicable to other types of photo-catalytic materials, including visible light active photo-catalysts.     

硅酸铝纤维和玻璃纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料的制备与性能

分别以硅酸铝纤维和玻璃纤维为骨架材料,采用溶胶-凝胶、常压干燥制得纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料,并对材料进行了结构和性能的测试分析。结果表明,二氧化硅气凝胶附着于纤维表面,提高了材料力学强度。硅酸铝纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料的隔音性能优于玻璃纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料。两种纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料耐高温、燃烧性能均达到A级。硅酸铝纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料和玻璃纤维复合二氧化硅气凝胶材料的产烟毒性分别为AQ₁级和AQ₂级,导热系数分别为0.034 W/（m·K）和0.033 W/（m·K）。     

无机硅溶胶外墙涂料的研制

针对目前硅溶胶外墙涂料稳定性差的缺点,将硅溶胶与有机乳液进行复配,通过选用乳液及pH值稳定剂,制得稳定性好的无机硅溶胶外墙涂料。试验结果显示,该涂料热贮存稳定性好,兼具无机涂料和有机涂料的特性,其耐沾污性和耐候性比普通外墙乳胶涂料有所提高。