普洱茶三七含片的研制

以普洱茶为原料制备茶粉,用普洱茶茶粉、三七总皂苷、木糖醇作为主要原料,添加玉米淀粉和其他辅料,经喷雾、混合、制粒、干燥、压片、辐照灭菌等工序,利用正交试验筛选出制备普洱茶三七含片的最佳配方和工艺,并对其质量进行评价。结果表明：当以95% 乙醇作为润湿剂、普洱茶茶粉用量10%、填充剂(木糖醇:玉米淀粉:糊精:β- 环状糊精=4:2:1.5:0.6)用量86%、三七总皂苷用量1.2%、阿斯巴甜用量0.5%,制成的含片色香味俱佳,经检验各项卫生指标均符合国家相关标准。     

天麻苦瓜绿茶复合饮料配方工艺优化

以天麻、苦瓜、绿茶为原料,研制一种复合饮料。利用单因素分析和正交试验,以感官评分和可溶性固形物含量为评价指标,研制天麻苦瓜绿茶复合饮料的最优配方。结果表明,天麻苦瓜绿茶复合饮料的最佳配方为:天麻浸提液15%、苦瓜浸提液18%、绿茶浸提液33%,木糖醇7.5%,柠檬酸0.04%。所得产品感官评分为84.67,可溶性固形物含量为7.93%。     

米糠多糖口含片的制备工艺

经过筛选处方和优化工艺,采用湿颗粒法研制了新型米糠多糖口含片,并对其质量进行评价。结果表明:米糠多糖含量、甜味剂、清凉剂的用量及润湿剂的浓度等因素对口含片的质量有较大影响。当以米糠多糖20 g,乳糖20 g,甘露醇10 g,CMS-Na 1 g,润湿剂选择70%乙醇水溶液,硬脂酸镁0.45 g,柠檬酸0.20 g为原料,55℃的干燥温度,可制得口感好、表面光滑美观、色泽一致、硬度好、崩解性良好、具有保健功能的新型米糠多糖口含片。以制粒状况、片剂外观、片剂硬度、片剂脆碎度、片重差异等项目为评价指标,对原料和辅料进行组方,从而确定米糠多糖口含片的最佳制备处方及制备工艺。     

马铃薯绿茶无糖戚风蛋糕的研制

以马铃薯粉、绿茶粉为主要原料,制备出一种无糖戚风蛋糕。以蛋糕的质构特性、比容和感官评价为指标,考察了马铃薯粉、绿茶粉、木糖醇添加量对戚风蛋糕品质的影响。通过正交试验确定马铃薯绿茶无糖蛋糕的最佳工艺配方为:马铃薯粉添加量20%,绿茶粉添加量6%,蛋清添加量230%,木糖醇添加量70%。该戚风蛋糕外形完整、色泽淡绿、甜而不腻、清香细腻。与传统戚风蛋糕相比,总糖低（6.03%）,粗纤维（7.89%）含量高,且具有抗氧化性（抗氧化能力0.0560 mmol/g）。     

马齿苋咀嚼片制备技术研究

以马齿苋,玉米淀粉,木糖醇,甘露醇为原料,经湿法造粒,干燥,压片等工序,制成具有特殊营养成分的马齿苋咀嚼片。通过单因素,正交试验,确定了最佳工艺配方为:马齿苋浸膏粉︰辅料=1︰2,辅料配比(玉米淀粉︰木糖醇︰甘露醇)=4︰2︰1,润湿剂为75%乙醇。     

苦瓜海带复合无糖饮料的研究

以苦瓜汁、海带浸提液、木糖醇为原料研制复合无糖饮料。通过单因素试验和正交试验,得到该饮料的最佳配比为：每100ml复合饮料中含苦瓜汁18ml、海带浸提液28ml、木糖醇5g。     

丹参叶保健饮料的研制

为了充分利用丹参叶丰富的营养成分和保健功能,以丹参叶为主要原料研制保健饮料,采用正交试验和感官评定确定了产品配方和加工工艺。丹参叶保健饮料最佳配方为：丹参叶浸提物30%、木糖醇6%、柠檬酸0.06%、蜂蜜1.5%。     

猴头菇蛋白多糖口含片的研制

选取猴头菇蛋白多糖为主要原料研制口含片。确定猴头菇蛋白多糖的最佳提取工艺:氢氧化钠质量分数为10%,提取温度为80℃,提取时间为60min,料液比为1∶25(g/mL),此条件下猴头菇蛋白多糖的得率为53.6%。通过正交试验,确定口含片配方:按照0.38g/片的规格,猴头菇蛋白多糖0.1g,柠檬酸0.02g,木糖醇0.1g,0.16g淀粉填充。总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)检测试剂盒检测该产品每片的总抗氧化能力达2733.4个单位。该产品酸甜可口,可操作性强,具有一定的研究意义。     

斑鸠菜保健茶饮料的研制

以斑鸠菜叶为主要原料,添加绿茶浸泡液制备斑鸠菜保健茶饮料.通过单因素试验和正交试验确定斑鸠菜汁浸提工艺及茶饮料配方.结果表明:斑鸠菜鲜叶浸提比干燥后浸提效果好,成熟叶比嫩叶和老叶浸提效果好,鲜叶最佳浸提工艺为料水比1∶6(m∶V),浸提时间10 min,浸提温度95℃;斑鸠菜茶饮料最佳配方为斑鸠菜汁与绿茶浸泡液比例2∶1(V∶V),白砂糖含量3％,柠檬酸含量0.16％,CMC-Na含量0.12％.     

利用酶-超声技术制备桑叶速溶绿茶的新工艺

速溶桑叶绿茶是桑叶绿茶粗品经酶-超声法浸提按照一定加工工序制成。以速溶桑叶绿茶得率为指标,利用单因素试验、正交试验分别确定酶解法制备速溶桑叶绿茶的最佳工艺参数。试验结果表明,酶-超声法的最佳工艺参数为复合纤维素酶、果胶酶和蛋白酶质量比1︰1︰1,酶添加量为0.75%,酶解温度为45℃,超声酶解15 min,料液比为1︰11(g/m L),超声波功率为90 W,浸提2次,产品平均得率为23.6%。酶-超声法生产速溶桑叶绿茶产品得率最高,澄清、鲜亮、呈黄绿色且速溶桑叶绿茶中矿物质种类和含量、茶可溶性多糖、游离氨基酸等含量比速溶绿茶高。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the