刚性基础下碎石桩复合地基临塑荷载的确定

为探讨碎石桩复合地基的承载力,从碎石桩的荷载传递和破坏性状出发,建立碎石桩复合地基的计算模型。基于半空间轴对称弹性理论及基本假定,考虑散体材料桩在荷载传递过程中的径向膨胀变形,根据桩土变形协调及桩土界面上径向应力平衡条件,得到桩土应力比的表达式。应用莫尔-库仑破坏准则,给出了碎石桩复合地基临塑荷载和临界荷载的计算公式。最后,与碎石桩复合地基极限承载力经典方法的计算结果进行对比,结果表明,计算所得的临界荷载十分接近。     

考虑破坏模式的水泥土桩承载力计算与研究

根据现场试验桩体破坏模型,通过简化得到假定的滑动面,借助该滑动面上桩体和桩周土的极限平衡条件,推导出水泥土单桩极限承载力公式。以济南市绕城高速公路工程为例,用本文推导水泥土单桩承载力公式与传统承载力公式的计算结果与现场试验结果进行比较,研究结果表明:本文承载力公式考虑了桩的现场破坏模式、桩土的受力分析、桩周土对桩承载力提高作用等影响,经工程实例验证,其结果比较相符,具有一定实际意义。并通过计算分析可得:从单桩承载力角度上考虑水泥土桩存在有效桩长,水泥土桩承载力的关键在于浅层桩身强度。研究结论可为类似工程的设计施工提供借鉴。     

碎石桩复合地基桩土应力比及承载力计算

根据桩 土侧向变形及竖向变形协调条件 ,应用弹性理论导出了桩及桩周土的应力 应变关系 ,得出了桩体材料屈服时桩 土应力比的计算式。推出了桩周土处于极限平衡状态下 ,碎石桩极限承载力计算式。指出用碎石桩加固软土地基其效果比较明显 ,但加固土的变形模量大于 8MPa的地基 ,效果不很明显。并通过工程实例 ,将本文计算结果与实验结果作了对比     

基于圆孔扩张理论的筋箍碎石桩承载力计算方法研究

碎石桩沿桩身围裹一圈土工格栅后成为筋箍碎石桩,其受力机理变得更加复杂,筋材特性必定会对桩体承载力产生影响。基于圆孔扩张理论,合理假设单桩有效加固范围边缘土压力为静止土压力,获得了可考虑筋箍与桩、土协调变形的筋箍碎石桩复合地基极限承载力计算方法,并结合工程实例与现有研究成果对该计算方法进行对比验证,结果表明该方法与实际工程吻合性更高,最后,在该方法的基础上,分析了各参数对筋箍碎石桩复合地基承载力的影响,分析结果表明:筋箍碎石桩的最优加筋深度不是一个定值,而是随着筋材性能和桩周土体条件的变化而变化。     

散体材料变截面桩复合地基极限承载力计算

以剪切鼓胀破坏理论为基础 ,同时考虑桩土接触面上的摩擦 ,利用土压力理论探讨了散体材料变截面桩及其复合地基极限承载力的计算方法。通过算例讨论了桩型及桩土接触面上的摩擦角对散体材料桩及其复合地基极限承载力的影响。分析表明 :改变桩型能提高散体材料桩复合地基的承载力 ,并能有效地降低桩土应力比     

基于双剪统一强度理论的碎石单桩复合地基性状研究

0前言利用不同的施工方法,,在软土地基中设置碎石桩,依靠碎石桩与桩周土共同承担上部结构的荷载,这种人工地基称为碎石桩复合地基。目前,碎石桩复合地基承载力确定的主要方法有荷载试验法、经验类比法和理论计算法。理论计算法确定碎石桩复合地基的承载力通常有两种思路:一种是先分别确定桩体的承载力和桩间土的承载力,再根据一定的原则叠加这两部分承载力,从而获得复合地基的承载力;另一种是将桩与桩周土形成的复合土体作为整体考虑,利用圆弧稳定性分析方法确定复合地基的承载力;文献[1～6]也提出了碎石桩复合地基承载力计算的其它一些方法。上述方法要么利用力的极限平衡条件,要么基于摩尔-库仑屈服准则,没有考虑桩周土塑性区     

CFG桩复合地基竖向承载力的研究

复合地基是目前广泛使用的基础形式之一,对其承载能力进行研究具有重要的工程意义.本文对复合地基的概念、分类、特点、效用以及形成的条件进行了较为深入的探讨,并对水泥粉煤灰碎石桩(CFG桩)的加固机理及其优点进行了着重阐述,分析了CFG桩成桩材料对其承载能力的影响.考虑边载影响,得到了CFG桩与桩间土的竖向承载力计算公式.最后将本文方法代入工程实例中进行计算,结果表明,其与CFG桩承载力实测值吻合良好.     

加筋碎石桩极限承载力的计算图式研究

以加筋土强度理论和Brauns的单根碎石桩的计算图式研究理论为基础,提出了拉力破坏和粘着破坏两种破坏型式情况下的极限承载力计算图式,为实际工程设计提供依据。研究表明加筋碎石桩可大大提高软弱地基的承载力。     

碎石桩复合地基承载力计算方法探讨

振冲碎石桩是处理软弱地基地一种有效方法。对碎石桩的加固机理及破坏形式进行了简要论述,对碎石桩复合地基承载力计算的几种常用方法进行了对比分析。荷载作用下碎石桩桩体绝大多数发生鼓胀破坏,碎石桩单桩承裁力fpk的计算可采用Braus法进行计算;复合地基承载力宜直接采用单桩承裁力和桩间土承载力按面积置换率进行叠加来确定。最后通过算例验证了所推荐的计算方法。     

桩承土工合成材料加筋垫层复合地基承载力的计算方法

桩承土工合成材料加筋垫层复合地基是近些年发展起来的一种有效的软土地基处理方法,国内外对其受力分析方法大多是以加筋垫层中筋材的受力状况为研究对象推导的,公式中的大多参数较难获取,应用较为困难。本文提出了将桩承土工合成材料加筋垫层复合地基承载力看成水泥土桩复合地基承载力与加筋垫层增加的承载力之和的实用计算公式,并以一桩承土工格栅加筋垫层复合地基的工程应用为例进行计算分析,最后通过现场荷载试验加以检验。     

Uniaxial compression behavior of geotextile encased stone columns

The bearing capacity and failure mechanism of encased stone columns are affected by many factors such as encasement length, relative density, strength and stiffness of the encasement material. In soft soils where surrounding soil pressure is low, especially in the top section, the stone columns may be close to a uniaxial compression state, where the uniaxial compression strength controls the bearing capacity of the stone columns. A series of large-scale triaxial tests on ordinary stone columns and uniaxial tests on geotextile encased stone columns have been performed. The stone columns were 300?mm in diameter and 600?mm in height. Samples of four different relative densities, and five types of geotextiles were used in the tests to study the effect of initial void ratio and encasing materials on the uniaxial compression behavior of the stone columns. The results show the uniaxial compressive strength of the encased stone columns is not affected by the initial void ratio but mainly by the tensile strength of the encasing geotextiles. The stress strain curves of the encased stone columns under uniaxial loading condition are nearly liner before failure, which is similar to the tensile behavior of the geotextiles.     

筋箍碎石桩桩–土界面摩擦特性试验研究及离散元模拟

筋箍碎石桩复合地基桩–土界面摩擦特性对其荷载传递机理极为重要。首先通过室内大型直剪试验,研究了法向应力、软土含水率、碎石料相对密实度、筋材设置等因素对筋箍碎石桩桩–土界面摩擦特性的影响。在此基础上,采用离散元方法分析了筋材设置、筋材开孔率、筋材抗拉刚度等因素对界面摩擦特性的影响。室内试验及数值分析结果表明:桩土界面抗剪强度随法向应力、碎石料相对密实度、筋材开孔率、筋材抗拉刚度的增大而增大,随软土含水率的增加而降低;界面摩擦系数则随法向应力、软土含水率的增大而减小,随碎石料相对密实度、筋材开孔率的增大而提高,筋材抗拉刚度对其影响较小。     

Experimental study on the load bearing behavior of geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments on yielding foundation

This paper presents an experimental study of the load bearing behavior of geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) bridge abutments constructed on yielding clay foundation. The effects of two different ground improvement methods for the yielding clay foundation, including reinforced soil foundation and stone column foundation, were evaluated. The clay foundation was prepared using kaolin and consolidated to reach desired shear strength. The 1/5-scale GRS abutment models with a height of 0.8 m were constructed using sand backfill, geogrid reinforcement, and modular block facing. For the GRS abutments on three different yielding foundations, the reinforced soil zone had relatively uniform settlement and behaved like a composite due to the higher stiffness than the foundation layers. The wall facing moved outward with significant movements near the bottom of facing, and the foundation soil in front of facing showed obvious uplifting movements. The vertical stresses transferred from the footing load within the GRS abutment and on the foundation soil are higher for stiffer foundation. The improvement of foundation soil using geosynthetic reinforced soil and stone columns could reduce the deformations of GRS abutments on yielding foundation. Results from this study provide insights on the practical applications of GRS abutments on yielding foundation.     

振冲碎石桩法地基处理在阴坪水电站中的应用

 振冲碎石桩可通过对软弱地基进行置换及挤密形成复合地基,以提高地基变形模量和承载力,改善地基不均一性,减少不均匀沉降,并有效防止地基地震液化。作为一种较成熟的地基处理方法,该方法已得到广泛应用,但一般处理范围较小且处理深度不大。通过使用大功率机械设备并采取相应工程措施,在复杂工程地质条件下,可以应用振冲碎石桩对地基进行大面积、大深度处理,并有效解决地基砂土液化问题、承载力问题及抗剪强度问题。     

强夯置换碎石桩复合地基承载力的试验研究

 为了解决强夯时产生的超孔隙水压力问题, 提出了加固饱和粉土、粉质粘土地基的强夯碎石桩法。工程试验研究表明, 该法克服了一般强夯法对这类场地效果不理想的缺点, 加固后的复合地基不仅碎石桩本身桩体长、影响深、强度高, 而且, 桩间土的承载力得到很大的提高。复合地基比天然地基的承载力提高幅度在一倍以上。工程应用结果表明, 该方法是可行的。     

基于广义非线性强度准则下地基承载力的计算

Mohr-Coulomb理论应用于土体分析时的两大缺陷,即未考虑中主应力的影响,也未考虑土体材料的SD效应,因而对于土体材料的潜能未充分考虑。为了考虑上述两种效应,本文基于广义非线性强度准则(GNST)及平面强度理论,推导出了可应用于砂土及粘土类材料的平面应变破坏条件。将上述推导结果应用于地基承载力的计算,推导出了基于GNST准则的地基承载力计算公式。通过与实际载荷试验数据比较,本文计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。表明推导出来的α公式对于计算砂土的强度特性是可行的,同时也可应用于其他平面应变问题有同样的参考意义。     

筋箍长度及刚度对加筋碎石桩复合地基承载力影响分析

针对加筋碎石桩复合地基中桩体性能,通过有限元数值模拟与模型试验对比分析,验证了数值模型的可靠性,进而变换加筋长度,研究分析了复合基础下端承加筋单桩与群桩的极限承载能力和破坏模式。研究结果表明:筋材强度较低时,加筋长度不会对桩体破坏模式产生影响,对极限承载能力提高有限;随着筋材强度不断提高,碎石桩在加筋体以下区域发生剪切破坏,并且随着加筋长度的增加向更深土层发展,基础的极限承载能力线性增长。加筋长度对群桩复合地基不同位置处桩体的破坏模式影响不同。相较于边桩,中心桩在桩身较深位置处发生剪切破坏,筋材需达到较深的长度才发挥约束效果。     

Geosynthetic-encased stone columns: Numerical evaluation

Stone columns (or granular piles) are increasingly being used for ground improvement, particularly for flexible structures such as road embankments, oil storage tanks, etc. When the stone columns are installed in extremely soft soils, the lateral confinement offered by the surrounding soil may not be adequate to form the stone column. Consequently, the stone columns installed in such soils will not be able to develop the required load-bearing capacity. In such soils, the required lateral confinement can be induced by encasing the stone columns with a suitable geosynthetic. The encasement, besides increasing the strength and stiffness of the stone column, prevents the lateral squeezing of stones when the column is installed even in extremely soft soils, thus enabling quicker and more economical installation. This paper investigates the qualitative and quantitative improvement in load capacity of the stone column by encasement through a comprehensive parametric study using the finite element analysis. It is found from the analyses that the encased stone columns have much higher load carrying capacities and undergo lesser compressions and lesser lateral bulging as compared to conventional stone columns. The results have shown that the lateral confining stresses developed in the stone columns are higher with encasement. The encasement at the top portion of the stone column up to twice the diameter of the column is found to be adequate in improving its load carrying capacity. As the stiffness of the encasement increases, the lateral stresses transferred to the surrounding soil are found to decrease. This phenomenon makes the load capacity of encased columns less dependent on the strength of the surrounding soil as compared to the ordinary stone columns.     

Performance of polypropylene textile encased stone columns

This paper explores the potential use of a woven polypropylene textile for encapsulating stone columns and improving performance of a local soft soil in Warangal city of India. A series of axial load tests were performed on stone columns of various diameters and under various encapsulation conditions that include single and double layers and other combinations. Load carrying capacity of stone column increased twice its original capacity when encapsulated with different geofabric materials. Performance enhancement strongly correlated to the tensile strength of encasement material and encapsulation condition. In addition, the influence of lateral thrust on group of stone columns arranged in square and triangular patterns were investigated. Irrespective of the material used, lateral displacement reduced by half for encased stone columns. Apart from tensile strength of encasing material, the amount of material used for encasement in the form of additional encasement layer was found to be crucial. The cost of using the polypropylene encasing material is only a third of the commercial geotextiles; however, the performance is inferior to woven geotextiles but far superior to non-woven geotextiles.