A comprehensive review of lot streaming

Lot streaming combined lot splitting with operations overlapping is one of the effective techniques used to implement the time-based strategy in today's era of global competition. Therefore, this technique has been studied extensively over the past few decades. In this paper, we first propose a uniquely categorized structure to characterize the existing lot streaming problems in terms of three main dimensions, seven subdimensions, and 17 levels. Then, a notation set is defined to systematically express each existing lot streaming problem by seven ordered elements corresponding to the seven subdimensions. Based on the classification structure and the defined notation set, a comprehensive survey is presented to make up for the lack of a literature review on this subject. The objective is to help the reader gain a clear understanding of the evolution of previous research on lot streaming. This paper concludes with some constructive suggestions for future research directions.     

误差综合测量的数字化码检仪

介绍了码检仪采用模拟量测量方式的原理、组成及存在的问题；提出了码检仪的数字化途径，原理和所有光栅检测参数的数字化测量，并对数字化测量进行了误差分析。通过对两种测量方式的比较，对数字化测量存在的问题提出了解决办法。     

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) operations support system for maintaining process integration

A successfully adopted and implemented enterprise resource planning (ERP) system does not automatically guarantee full benefits. It is important that ERP is operated as planned and thus provides the real-time information with a desired level of process integration. Any ERP system pushes a company toward full process integration and solves the fragmentation of information. However, the tight process integration involves operational issues that must be carefully managed. Thus, a conjecture can be made that a centrally coordinated support system is required to assist ERP users and administrators find problems, perform tedious validation and verification, and maintain the process integration of ERP with great consistency. This paper proposes an ERP operations support system (EOSS) that aims to achieve and maintain the process integration of ERP. EOSS monitors the operational status of process integration, prevents anomalies as early as possible and conducts repairs as soon as possible.     

A semi-automated measurement technique for the assessment of radiolucency

The assessment of radiolucency around an implant is qualitative, poorly defined and has low agreement between clinicians. Accurate and repeatable assessment of radiolucency is essential to prevent misdiagnosis, minimize cases of unnecessary revision, and to correctly monitor and treat patients at risk of loosening and implant failure. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a semi-automated imaging algorithm could improve repeatability and enable quantitative assessment of radiolucency. Six surgeons assessed 38 radiographs of knees after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for radiolucency, and results were compared with assessments made by the semi-automated program. Large variation was found between the surgeon results, with total agreement in only 9.4% of zones and a kappa value of 0.602; whereas the automated program had total agreement in 81.6% of zones and a kappa value of 0.802. The software had a ‘fair to excellent’ prediction of the presence or the absence of radiolucency, where the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.82 on average. The software predicted radiolucency equally well for cemented and cementless implants (p = 0.996). The identification of radiolucency using an automated method is feasible and these results indicate that it could aid the definition and quantification of radiolucency.     

Supply chain management practices as a mediator of the relationship between operations capability and firm performance

The current study uses mediated regression analysis and structural equation modelling to test the proposition that supply chain management practices mediate the relationship between operations capability and firm performance. Operations capability is defined in terms of a firm's new product design and development, total quality management and just-in-time capabilities. Results support the research model and also suggest the existence of a direct relationship between operations capability and performance.     

A review of operations management literature: a data-driven approach

Production and operations management has been a significant field of research for many years. However, other than an educated guess by researchers in the field or a perusal of textbook chapter titles, the major topics and their trends over time are not well established. This study provides a comprehensive review of production and operations management literature using a data-driven approach. We use Latent Semantic Analysis on 21,053 abstracts representing all publications in six leading operations management journals since their inception. 18 unique topic clusters were identified algorithmically. Just being aware of the history of research topics should be of great interest to all academics in the field, but to help future researchers we conducted three post hoc analyses: 1) analysis of methods used in all these studies, 2) citation rates by topic area over time, and 3) the growing prevalence of research covering multiple topics.     

实施计量测点管理提高计量工作水平

要保证测量数据准确可靠，必须对测量过程进行控制。测点管理是测量过程控制的有效手段之一。文章介绍了计量检测点管理的方法及其优点。     

Advancing operations management theory using exploratory structural equation modelling techniques

The structural equation modelling (SEM) technique has been touted as a useful tool for tightening links between theoretical and empirical operations management (OM) research. Despite SEM's increasing prominence in the field, leading scholars continue to call for a deeper infusion of theory into empirical OM research. To strengthen ties between theory and analysis in OM research, this study evaluates previous OM applications of SEM and identifies specific ways we can use SEM to advance operations management theory. Through judicious use of SEM techniques, we believe that OM researchers have the opportunity to confirm and extend existing theoretical frameworks. Further, we offer guidance on how to operationalise measurement models such that researchers accurately depict the causality of a construct. To demonstrate how to advance theory, we use an illustrative example of SEM in an OM context based upon data gathered from a survey of over 200 respondents.     

Empirical analysis of maintenance performance measurement in Belgian industries

Performance measurement is a fundamental instrument of management. For maintenance management, one of the key issues is to ensure the maintenance activities planned and executed have given the expected results. This can be facilitated by effective use of rigorously defined key performance indicators (KPI) that are able to measure important aspects of maintenance function. In this paper, an industrial survey was carried out to explore the use of performance measurement in maintenance management. Based on survey responses, analyses were performed on popularly used KPI, how these KPI are sourced or chosen; the influence of manufacturing environment and maintenance objectives on KPI choice and effective use of these KPI in decision support and performance improvement. It was found that maintenance performance measurement is dominated by lagging indicators (equipment, maintenance cost and safety performance). There is lesser use of leading (maintenance work process) indicators. The results showed no direct correlations between the maintenance objectives pursued and the KPI used. Further analysis showed that only a minority of the companies have a high percentage of decisions and changes triggered by KPI use and only a few are satisfied with their performance measurement systems. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive linear relationship between degree of satisfaction and process changes/decisions triggered by KPI use, with the least satisfied people having the least decisions and changes triggered by KPI use. The results indicate some ineffectiveness of performance measurement systems in driving performance improvement in industries.     

成都剂量体模(CDP)组织等效材料辐射等效性评价

在分析“成都剂量体模”（Chengdu Dosimetric Phantom,CDP）中常用辐射组织等效材料（肌肉脂肪组织混合等效材料、组织等效材料、躯干骨组织等效材料、脑组织等效材料和肺组织等效材料）的基本元素组成及其密度的基础上,对其质量衰减系数、有效原子序数、线性衰减系数和电子密度等参数进行测试和计算,并与人体的标准参数值进行比较。证明“成都剂量体模”的主要辐射组织等效材料能量响应范围宽,辐射等效性达到国际推荐标准A级,可作为检测标准广泛应用于各种放射诊断治疗设备和辐射防护仪器的标定。     

基于RPE算法的正弦信号测量

给出了一种同时测量正弦波参数的方法.该方法基于递推预报误差(RPE)算法,采用递推结构,具有占用内存少、易于编程、能够进行在线测量、计算精度高等特点.并给出了部分试验结果.     

A tool for the conceptual design of production and operations systems

This paper proposes a conceptual design tool, based upon inferential design theory. It has been specifically developed for the design of production and operations systems, but its use can be extended to other engineering areas, such as mechanical and structural systems. Inferential design theory and its foundation in the inferential theory of learning are briefly outlined. Both theories are based on the idea of using specialised knowledge operators in learning and design, termed knowledge transmutations and design knowledge transmutations respectively. The 24 transmutations existing in the two theories are outlined, and a further 12 design-specific transmutations are proposed. These have been developed as a result of our research. A conceptual design process is proposed, in which design knowledge transmutations are used. A software tool for design, CREDO, is also described and an example of its use in the generation of design concepts for an after-sales service facility is presented. The conclusions discuss the initial methodological experience of using CREDO to generate design concepts. They are based on the introductory use of CREDO at Technion in Israel for teaching purposes. Directions for further research are also provided.     

Designing a performance measurement system to support materials management in engineer-to-order:a case study

There are many different production situations that can be employed to meet demand.In the engineer-toorder(ETO)production situation,products are manufactured to meet specific customer needs by unique engineering or significant customization.In such an environment,failing to supply the required materials in the right quantities and at the right time increases the risk of breaching due date agreements and thereby losing customer satisfaction.As such,materials management is one of the most important and critical processes within production planning and control in ETO.To bring attention and improvement to this area,ETO companies may benefit from a performance measurement system(PMS)that systematically monitors how well materials management is carded out.The design of a company's PMS varies with its production situation.Within the large body of literature on performance management and measurement,limited literature specifically addressing performance measurement in ETO has been identified.After being approached by a Norwegian ETO company requesting a PMS for materials management,the authors therefore set out to design the PMS from scratch,using literature on ETO,materials management and performance management and measurement as a starting point.The paper presents the proposed PMS.It provides a basis for further studies on the topic,and could be used by managers in ETO companies to assess and improve their materials management practice.     

纳米级长度扫描电镜测量的现状和展望

1前言 “纳米科技”是20世纪80年代末快速崛起的一门新兴学科,由于它的发展前景广阔,实用价值较大,引起了世界各国的重视,成为科技界争相研究的领域。我国政府和科研机构都积极支持和发展纳米科技。     

A graphical representation for a statistical test of average equivalence and variance comparison with process data

This paper provides a graphical approach for presenting results of a statistical test of average equivalence with process data. In addition, a graphical representation of process change in variance is presented. An example from the biopharmaceutical industry is provided to illustrate the information contained in the chart. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

网点面积检测算法的比较研究

检测并控制制版印刷过程中的网点面积(率),是提高印刷质量的重要课题.分析了传统检测方法的不足之处,以作为DMS910校正标准的显微网点灰度图像为检测对象,用不同的算法进行了检测分析,获知类别方差自动门限法对中间调精度较高,为研制印刷网点面积检测系统奠定了一定基础.     

A literature review of smart warehouse operations management

E-commerce, new retail, and other changes have highlighted the requirement of high efficiency and accuracy in the logistics service. As an important section in logistics and supply chain management, warehouses need to respond positively to the increasing requirement. The “smart warehouse” system, which is equipped with emerging warehousing technologies, is increasingly attracting the attention of industry and technology giants as an efficient solution for the future of warehouse development. This study provides a holistic view of operations management problems within the context of smart warehouses. We provide a framework to review smart warehouse operations management based on the characteristics of smart warehouses, including the perspectives of information interconnection, equipment automation, process integration, and environmental sustainability. A comprehensive review of relevant literature is then carried out based on the framework with four perspectives. This study could provide future research directions on smart warehouses for academia and industry practitioners.     

Enabling the benefits of Supply Chain Management Systems: an empirical study of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) in manufacturing

Although informative, the literature related to Supply Chain Management Systems (SCMS) needs to be developed further to provide insight related to the realized benefits of adopting firms. Specifically, there is a need to analyse empirically and systematically the potential benefits and variables that explain the differences in benefit variation. To contribute to this need, the study analysed SCMS benefits in four steps. First, drawing from survey responses of a diverse group of manufacturing plants, the study sought evidence of the claimed benefits found in the literature. Second, the study built on the claims and findings of previous researchers to formulate and test hypotheses related to factors that help explain differences in benefits. Third, once the explanatory variables were analysed in isolation, they were then analysed for the incremental effects. Finally, based on the results of the first three steps, the study refined the results to produce a synthesized explanatory SCMS benefit model.     

ILC beam energy measurement based on synchrotron radiation from a magnetic spectrometer

We propose to measure, on a bunch-to-bunch basis, the beam energy at the International Linear e⁺e^- Collider by recording synchrotron radiation (SR) light emitted in the magnets of an energy spectrometer based on beam position monitors. Measuring the width of the horizontal SR fan permits to determine the relative beam energy with a precision better than 10^-4. There are two different measuring schemes possible. The first one is based on edge measurements of the direct SR fan, while the second option includes mirrors to deflect soft SR light to detectors located sufficiently off the beamline. Three possibilities for high-spatial resolution detectors are considered: a standard silicon strip detector, a novel-type Si detector and a gas amplification detector, both with exceptional position resolution. The main issue of the first scheme is the high radiation dose expected in the direct SR fan. If mirrors are used this dose is strongly reduced and allows application of any of the three detectors proposed.     

利用超高压力国家基准对返压活塞式压力计校准的试验研究

原超高压力国家基准准确度仅为0.1级,无法对0.05～0.1级的活塞压力计进行检定。现在新的1500MPa国家基准准确度达到了0.02级,为超高压活塞压力计的检定打好了基础。2005年利用新的国家基准对南京理工大学0．05级的1000MPa返压式活塞压力计和国营9319厂0.1级6000kgf／cm^2返压式活塞压力计作了校准。本文报告了校准时两台活塞压力计的压力平衡判断原则,介绍了一种较为成功的锰铜压力计间接比较法。