快速重组制造系统的构建原理及其应用

快速重组制造系统是一种适应21世纪全球化市场竞争的新型制造系统。提出了基于组态式柔性制造单元组成的陈列式布局的快速重组制造系统的创新结构体系,建立了以生产效益为该系统方案设计和运行决策目标的随机模型,应用排队网络模型和静态马尔科夫工件运送方式得出系统重组时缓冲区容量的优化配置和最优工件运送策略的算法,研制了作为构建快速重组制造系统核心的新颖的组态式柔性制造单元的原型,并给出生产工程中应用所创建的阵列式可重组制造系统的成功案例。     

基于公理设计的可重构制造系统设计

可重构制造系统是面向客户定制的一种新的制造模式.先阐述了可重构制造系统的概念及其特点,并对目前关于可重构制造系统的设计研究进行了总结.然后,以快速响应市场变化为目标,提出了基于公理设计理论的设计方法及设计步骤,对可重构制造系统进行设计,降低了设计的复杂性.层次化设计和分解方法保证了在设计过程中以适当的顺序做出合理决策.最后给出了可重构制造系统的工作流程图.     

可重构制造系统的布局规划技术研究

分析了可重构制造系统的内涵,提出了制造系统重构的三种分类(逻辑型RMS、改进型RMS和创新型RMS)并给出了制造系统重构的流程.在利用UML对制造系统建模的基础上,建立了统一的面向改进型RMS和创新型RMS布局规划的多目标规划数学模型.提出了启发式算法和遗传算法相结合的混合遗传算法,解决了创新型RMS布局规划问题.实例验证了算法的可行性和有效性.     

Manufacturing lines under surplus-based control: multiple products and bounded buffers

Challenged by the scheduling complexity for production flow processes in industrial facilities, we study the performance of multi-product producing lines. We analyse the performance of multi-product lines that consist a number of machines and bounded buffers with preselected base stock levels. It is assumed that each manufacturing machine in the line is capable of working with several product types, but only operate on one product at a time. The network is operated under a surplus-based production control policy in the presence of perturbations and production demand fluctuations. We derive bounds on the demand tracking accuracy for each product type, regardless its flow direction in the multi-product line. In addition, for a multi-product line with unidirectional product flow, we obtain a quantitative relation between demand tracking accuracy, its inventory levels, numbers of product types, buffer capacity limits and perturbations. The accuracy of the obtained demand tracking bounds is illustrated by numerical simulations. By means of simulation experiments, we show that the obtained results have a valuable meaning and can be used as a reference tool in practice.     

轴瓦壁厚自动检测分选系统机械设计

简述了轴瓦壁厚自动检测分选系统,设计并分析了机械的主要机构——自动分料机构、自动进料机构、自动检测机构及自动分选机构.     

制造及其系统的创新与管理的发展

从制造业面临的形势分析出发,介绍了先进制造战略、技术、制造系统与系统管理的最新研究成果。并指出在建立现代企业制度中,制造战略、产品开发、质量保证和优化动作是３个增强竞争力的基本技术。     

Organic photovoltaics: key photophysical,device and design aspects

Key aspects of Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) have been reviewed in this tutorial. Issues pertaining to the choice of materials, fabrication processes, photophysical mechanisms, device characterization, morphology of active layers and manufacturing are discussed. Special emphasis has been given to recent developments in large-area modules. Current strategies in enhancing the performance using external optical engineering approaches have also been highlighted. OPVs as a technology combine low weight, flexibility, low cost, good form factor and high-throughput processing; making them a promising PV technology for the future.     

信息安全产品认证关键技术研究

经过两年多的努力, "国家重点领域认证认可推进工程"设置的"信息安全产品认证关键技术研究"课题,研究了信息安全产品和服务能力认证关键技术及国内外目前信息安全认证实施制度,完成了安全隔离与信息交换产品和数据备份与恢复产品两种产品、信息安全系统集成和信息安全应急响应服务两种服务的服务能力认证和评价方法研究,形成了6份研究报告和6份调研支撑报告,研究制定了5项国家标准草案建议(正式颁布1项,获立项3项),开发了4套认证基准库、1套信息安全产品认证管理工具和1套信息安全服务认证管理工具,发表研究论文6篇,圆满完成了课题预期研究目标,本文主要针对信息安全认证实施策略、信息安全产品与服务能力认证关键技术、认证基准库与管理工具系统等研究成果进行阐述.     

Scalable Manufacturing of Solderable and Stretchable Physiologic Sensing Systems

Methods for microfabrication of solderable and stretchable sensing systems (S4s) and a scaled production of adhesive‐integrated active S4s for health monitoring are presented. S4s' excellent solderability is achieved by the sputter‐deposited nickel‐vanadium and gold pad metal layers and copper interconnection. The donor substrate, which is modified with “PI islands” to become selectively adhesive for the S4s, allows the heterogeneous devices to be integrated with large‐area adhesives for packaging. The feasibility for S4‐based health monitoring is demonstrated by developing an S4 integrated with a strain gauge and an onboard optical indication circuit. Owing to S4s' compatibility with the standard printed circuit board assembly processes, a variety of commercially available surface mount chip components, such as the wafer level chip scale packages, chip resistors, and light‐emitting diodes, can be reflow‐soldered onto S4s without modifications, demonstrating the versatile and modular nature of S4s. Tegaderm‐integrated S4 respiration sensors are tested for robustness for cyclic deformation, maximum stretchability, durability, and biocompatibility for multiday wear time. The results of the tests and demonstration of the respiration sensing indicate that the adhesive‐integrated S4s can provide end users a way for unobtrusive health monitoring.     

计算机仿真在生产系统分析中的应用

系统总结了计算机仿真技术对生产系统的重要作用,利用Ithink5．0软件建立了简单生产过程的计算机仿真模型并进行了分析。     

New method of selecting the optimum geometrical parameters in the design of superconducting solenoids

A new method of selecting the optimum geometrical parameters in the design of superconducting solenoids has been proposed. The volume of superconducting winding can be much reduced and the homogeneity of the magnetic field is improved. A design example has shown that the volume of superconducting winding was reduced by 29% in comparison with the volume minimized coil with a rectangular winding cross-section.     

支持多应用的统一制造资源模型研究

支持多应用的统一制造资源模型是实现资源数据集成、加强应用的深度和广度以及实现企业整体资源优化的基础.从信息完整性、管理与应用以及企业个性化要求等多个角度分析了统一制造资源建模的需求,提出了资源元数据模型的概念,将资源数据分解为资源实体、资源类型、资源组合、资源视图与资源能力五个方面进行描述,在此基础上提出了统一制造资源信息模型(UMRIM)框架,该框架由资源核心模型层、应用模型层和整体优化模型层构成.基于UMRIM和面向服务架构的模式建立了资源服务平台,给出了平台的结构.     

On Cost‐effective Reuse of Components in the Design of Complex Reconfigurable Systems

Design strategies that benefit from the reuse of system components can reduce costs while maintaining or increasing dependability—we use the term dependability to tie together reliability and availability. D3H2 (aDaptive Dependable Design for systems with Homogeneous and Heterogeneous redundancies) is a methodology that supports the design of complex systems with a focus on reconfiguration and component reuse. D3H2 systematizes the identification of heterogeneous redundancies and optimizes the design of fault detection and reconfiguration mechanisms, by enabling the analysis of design alternatives with respect to dependability and cost. In this paper, we extend D3H2 for application to repairable systems. The method is extended with analysis capabilities allowing dependability assessment of complex reconfigurable systems. Analysed scenarios include time‐dependencies between failure events and the corresponding reconfiguration actions. We demonstrate how D3H2 can support decisions about fault detection and reconfiguration that seek to improve dependability while reducing costs via application to a realistic railway case study. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Plastics products: successful firms,innovation and good design

A research project has examined some sectors of the UK manufacturing industry whose products are covered by Design Council Awards and Design Centre Selection Schemes. This paper reports on findings in the plastic products industry, looking at goals and strategies, marketing, design, price and commercial success. It concludes that good design and commercial success are possible, despite a previous bad image.     

Feature-based systems for the design and manufacture of sculptured products

Many products having free form of sculptured surfaces are designed by traditional methods by crafting prototypes. This requires skill. Analysis of these products often reveals that they have an established general form and are designed around a number of dominant features. A feature-based design system is proposed based on extended surfaces and blends that provides designers with considerable flexibility for feature replacement and manipulation. The implications of this approach on the rapid production of prototypes for both design appreciation and manufacturability is discussed. A range of golf clubs has been used as the example around which the methodology has been developed.     

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Scheduling in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS)must take into account the shorter lead-time, the multiprocessing environment, the flexibility of machine tools, and the dynamically changing states. The scheduling approach described in this paper employs a knowledge-based system to carry out the nonlinear planning method developed in artificial intelligence. The state-space process for plan-generation, by either forward- or backward-chaining, can handle scheduling requirements unique to the FMS environment. A prototype of this scheduling system has been implemented on a LISP machine and is applied to solve the scheduling problem in flexible manufacturing cells. This scheduling method is characterized by its knowledge-based organization, symbolic representation, state-space inferencing, and its ability for dynamic scheduling and plan revision. It provides a foundation for integrating intelligent planning, scheduling, and machine learning in FMSs.