Collaboration forms,information and communication technologies,and coordination mechanisms in CPFR

Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) programmes seek to improve the ability to anticipate and satisfy future demand by enhancing collaboration among companies within the supply network. Despite the existence of a detailed and comprehensive process model—published by the Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards Committee—in practice CPFR can take a number of different forms. This paper aims to investigate differences in CPFR implementation as to the type of inter-company collaboration put into practice, and the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and coordination mechanisms adopted to perform CPFR. Moreover, it seeks to analyse the relationships between these dimensions in order to comprehend and explain the rationale behind the managerial choices that lead companies to implement different CPFR configurations. The multiple-case study method is adopted to investigate the research questions. In particular, the implementation of CPFR in seven supply networks is examined. This research identifies six types of collaboration that can be performed to implement CPFR. Then, using this taxonomy as its starting point, it accounts for differences in the adoption of the ICTs and coordination mechanisms necessary to support CPFR. The paper's conclusions summarize the research's main theoretical and managerial contributions.     

ISO10303-compliant computer-aided wheel-rim design system - the framework and data model

This paper focuses on developing a framework for a computer-aided part design system that considers design efficiency and facilitates product information sharing across the automotive supply chain. The system applies the concept of feature-based design to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of auto-part design and implements the standard exchange of product (ISO10303/STEP) data model to enable the data sharing between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), suppliers and customers. This research demonstrates the technology of standard data modelling for a feature-based CAD system to achieve cross-platform CAD/CAM integration. The framework supports technical data interchange (TDI) using international data standard to enable the concept of virtual engineering community and collaboration.     

专访国际标准化组织市场通讯信息部主任尼古拉斯·费勒里

尼古拉斯·弗勒里先生是国际标准化组织（ISO）市场通讯及信息部主任和ISO高级管理人员,负责ISO的全球市场营销、通讯、信息战略、ISO的知识产权及版权战略等工作。弗勒里先生在国际标准化领域有丰富的工作经验,他帮助在瑞士日内瓦大学创立了“标准及可持续性硕士培养项目”,还担任各种关于可持续性管理、管理体系、非盈利机构管理等校园项目的讲师。应国家标准委主任田世宏的邀请,弗勒里先生在2014世界标准日期间来到北京,参加中国的世界标准目系列活动,并接受了《中国标准化》海外版的独家专访     

The global science base of information and communication technologiges: Bibliometric analysis of ICT research papers

The science and engineering base is a key source of knowledge for the development and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). In order to be able to effectively describe and monitor world-wide scientific activity related to ICTs, it is important to be able to provide reliable macro-level statistics of this knowledge base. International bibliographic databases and related bibliometric indicators together provide an analytical framework and appropriate measures to cover both the ‘supply side’—research capabilities and outputs—and ‘demand side’—collaboration, diffusion and citation impact—related to the ICT research. This paper presents results of such a bibliometric study describing macro-level features of this ICT knowledge base. The data were retrieved from a specially developedCWTS ICT Database which provides a broad-scope world-wide coverage of ICT-relevant research papers published in high-quality international scientific and technical journals. The cross-country comparison focuses on the level of scientific output and co-operation patterns of the most actively publishing nations with a focus on the three Triad zones—the European Union, the USA and Japan.     

过程驱动的远程协同产品特征建模工具

以全球化和敏捷化为特征的产品创新开发能力是21世纪企业获得成功的关键性因素,为满足多用户协同工作需要,本文介绍了一种利用新的设计工具的设计方法,提出了一个基于Internet的过程驱动的远程特征建模工具的体系结构。基于产品活动树的应用权限与安全管理、协同特征建模,同步协同工作,活动链的建立与管理及其于移动智能的电子协同调度与预约是本系统的关键技术,最后用一个实例说明了系统的运行过程。     

Situation awareness-based agent transparency and human-autonomy teaming effectiveness

ABSTRACT

Effective collaboration between humans and agents depends on humans maintaining an appropriate understanding of and calibrated trust in the judgment of their agent counterparts. The Situation Awareness-based Agent Transparency (SAT) model was proposed to support human awareness in human–agent teams. As agents transition from tools to artificial teammates, an expansion of the model is necessary to support teamwork paradigms, which require bidirectional transparency. We propose that an updated model can better inform human–agent interaction in paradigms involving more advanced agent teammates. This paper describes the model's use in three programmes of research, which exemplify the utility of the model in different contexts – an autonomous squad member, a mediator between a human and multiple subordinate robots, and a plan recommendation agent. Through this review, we show that the SAT model continues to be an effective tool for facilitating shared understanding and proper calibration of trust in human–agent teams.     

Network closure, brokerage, and structural influence of journals: a longitudinal study of journal citation network in Internet research (2000–2010)

The study aims to assess journals’ structural influence in Internet research and uncover the impacts of network structures on journals’ structural influence drawing on theories of network closure and structural holes. The data of the study are the citation exchanges among 1,210 journals in Communication and other seven social scientific fields (i.e., Business, Economics/Finance, Education, Information Science, Political Science, Psychology, and Sociology) in Internet research. The top two most influential journals in Internet research are American Economic Review and Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Journals in “Communication” field emerge to be an important source of influence in Internet research, whose mean structural influence ranks third among the eight fields, below “Business” and “Economics/Finance”, but above other five fields. Journals’ structural influences are found to grow over time and the growth rates vary across journals. Network brokerage is found to exert a significant impact on journals’ structural influence, while the impact of network closure on journals’ structural influences is not significant. The impact of network brokerage on journals’ structural influence will increase over time.     

Malware Detection Using Decision Tree Based SVM Classifier for IoT

The development in Information and Communication Technology has led to the evolution of new computing and communication environment. Technological revolution with Internet of Things (IoTs) has developed various applications in almost all domains from health care, education to entertainment with sensors and smart devices. One of the subsets of IoT is Internet of Medical things (IoMT) which connects medical devices, hardware and software applications through internet. IoMT enables secure wireless communication over the Internet to allow efficient analysis of medical data. With these smart advancements and exploitation of smart IoT devices in health care technology there increases threat and malware attacks during transmission of highly confidential medical data. This work proposes a scheme by integrating machine learning approach and block chain technology to detect malware during data transmission in IoMT. The proposed Machine Learning based Block Chain Technology malware detection scheme (MLBCT-Mdetect) is implemented in three steps namely: feature extraction, Classification and blockchain. Feature extraction is performed by calculating the weight of each feature and reduces the features with less weight. Support Vector Machine classifier is employed in the second step to classify the malware and benign nodes. Furthermore, third step uses blockchain to store details of the selected features which eventually improves the detection of malware with significant improvement in speed and accuracy. ML-BCT-Mdetect achieves higher accuracy with low false positive rate and higher True positive rate.     

支持基于Internet的大规模定制的产品信息管理系统

基于Internet的大规模定制生产方式是一种必然趋势。在这种生产模式下，企业必须改善其结构、组织和管理方式以及产品的设计和生产方式才能适应这种模式。基于Internet的大规模定制生产的产品信息管理系统在功能和框架上与传统PDM系统不同，它有强大的协作功能，支持异构平台，有更多的功能模块。其关键技术在于分布式软件组件技术、数据该和传输过程的安全机制以及产品和零部件数量的控制策略。最后，提出了基于Internet的大规模定制条件下的产品信息管理的系统解决方案。     

汽车车内信息系统界面设计

目的提高汽车车内信息系统使用效率。方法以汽车车内信息系统界面为研究对象,自变量为界面布局(共两个水平,分别为阶层式布局和棋盘式布局)和显示数目(共两个水平,分别为5显示图标和8显示图标),因变量为任务完成时间、错误数和系统可用性量表。结果发现布局在完成时间上的主效应显著,布局和显示数目在时间及错误数上都存在交互作用。结论实验证明阶层式布局5显示图标和棋盘式布局8显示图标的界面最有利于提高使用效率,研究结论为车内信息系统界面的设计提供了参考依据。     

网络化设计和制造信息共享中的STEP和XML技术

在网络化设计和制造中 ,各个协同工作用户所使用的系统类型具有不确定性 ,随之而产生的一个重要问题 ,就是如何通过互联网来实现异质系统之间的信息集成问题 .本文提出了一种新的理论方法 ,该方法建立在STEP和XML基础上 ,可以使网络化制造中的CAD系统之间、CAM系统之间、以及CAD和CAM系统之间通过互联网实现信息共用 .文章介绍了相关的STEP标准和XML概念 ,以及相对应的EXPRESS和DTD标准 .同时详细介绍如何将STEP和XML作为中性格式模型集成在一起的思路 ,最后 ,提供了一个建立在STEP和XML基础之上的系统框架     

Classification of mammogram images using the energy probability in frequency domain and most discriminative power coefficients

The purpose of this work is to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to assist radiologists in the classification of mammogram images. The CAD system is composed of three main steps. The first step is image preprocessing and segmentation with the seeded region growing algorithm applied on a localized triangular region to remove only the muscle. In the second step of the CAD system, we proposed a novel features extraction method, which consists of three stages. In the first, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is applied on all obtained regions of interest and then only the upper left corner (ULC) of DCT coefficients is retained. Second, we have applied the energy probability to the ULCs that is used as a criterion for selecting discriminant information. At the last stage, a new Most Discriminative power coefficient algorithm has been proposed to select the most significant features. In the final step of the CAD, the support vector machines, Naive Bayes, and artificial neural network (ANN) classifiers are used to make an effective classification. The evaluation of the proposed algorithm on the mini-Mammographic Image Analysis Society database shows its efficiency over other recently proposed CAD systems in the literature, whereas an accuracy of 100% can be achieved using ANN with a small number of features.     

Tackling Faceless Killers: Toxic Comment Detection to Maintain a Healthy Internet Environment

According to BBC News, online hate speech increased by 20% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hate speech from anonymous users can result in psychological harm, including depression and trauma, and can even lead to suicide. Malicious online comments are increasingly becoming a social and cultural problem. It is therefore critical to detect such comments at the national level and detect malicious users at the corporate level. To achieve a healthy and safe Internet environment, studies should focus on institutional and technical topics. The detection of toxic comments can create a safe online environment. In this study, to detect malicious comments, we used approximately 9,400 examples of hate speech from a Korean corpus of entertainment news comments. We developed toxic comment classification models using supervised learning algorithms, including decision trees, random forest, a support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbors. The proposed model uses random forests to classify toxic words, achieving an F1-score of 0.94. We analyzed the trained model using the permutation feature importance, which is an explanatory machine learning method. Our experimental results confirmed that the toxic comment classifier properly classified hate words used in Korea. Using this research methodology, the proposed method can create a healthy Internet environment by detecting malicious comments written in Korean.     

A model for synchronous collaborative design using CAD and database management

Collaborative design is currently supported through the integration of graphical representations with relational databases and the distribution of data and applications across local and wide area networks. Recent developments in computer support for synchronous collaboration have led to the development of multi-user drawing boards and video conferencing software for remote meetings. The extension of CAD for use in a collaborative design session changes the focus of collaborative design from a distribution of data to a shared workspace. Combining CAD with the concept of multi-user software introduces issues of shared visualisation and shared decision making. A model for the integration of CAD and database management in a collaborative design session is presented within a client server architecture, and an implementation of this model using AutoCAD as the shared CAD system is described.     

A multi-agent system for chemical supply chain simulation and management support

Modern chemical production is customer-driven and the desired delivery time for the products is often shorter than their campaign length. In addition, the raw materials supplying time is often long. These features make it desirable to provide tools to support collaborative supply chain decision making, preferably over the Internet, and where there are conflicts, compromise decisions can be quickly reached and the effects of the decisions can be quantitatively simulated. This paper des cribes such a multi-agent system (MAS) that can be used to simulate the dynamic behaviour and support the management of chemical supply chains over the Internet. Geographically distributed retailers, logistics, warehouses, plants and raw material suppliers are modelled as an open and re-configurable network of co-operative agents, each performing one or more supply chain functions. Communication between agents is made through the common agent communication language KQML (knowledge query message language). A t the simulation layer, the MAS allows distributed simulation of the chain behaviour dynamically, so that compromise decisions can be rapidly and quantitatively evaluated. Because in a chemical supply chain the scheduling of the plant often dominates the chain performance, an optimum scheduling system for batch plants is integrated into the MAS. The functions of the system are illustrated by reference to a case study for the supply and manufacture using a multi-purpose batch plant of paints and coatings.     

Dynamic trust management for secure communications in social internet of things (SIoT)

The world has faced three Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolutions and the third ICT wave led to Internet of Things, the notion of anything, everything, anytime and everywhere. Out of the many visions of IoT, one revolutionary concept is to make IoT sociable i.e., incorporating social networking within Internet of Things. This revolution has led to the notion of Social Internet of Things (SIoT). Establishing a SIoT network or community is not so simple and requires integration of heterogeneous technology and communication solutions. This paper focuses on establishing a secure and reliable communication over nodes in SIoT by computing trust dynamically among neighboring nodes. Trust Management is an important area that has attracted numerous researchers over the past few years. The proposed DTrustInfer computes trust based on first hand observation, second hand observation, centrality and dependability factor of a node. Properties of trust such as honesty, cooperativeness, community interest and energy of a node are considered for computing trust. Also, this paper ensures secure communication among SIoT nodes through simple secret codes. Experimental results show that the proposed DTrustInfer outperforms the existing trust models significantly.     

军用物联网在军械仓库弹药保障中的应用

目的为了实现弹药保障的信息化和精确化,建立基于军用物联网的军械仓库弹药保障系统模型。方法将物联网技术应用于军械仓库弹药保障,建立军械仓库弹药保障系统的基本框架,基于RFID技术设计弹药出入库管理平台,融合8421编码、RFID技术和无线多媒体传感器网络,建立一种新型仓库目标定位与跟踪系统。结果基于RFID技术建立的弹药出入库平台提高了弹药保障效率,新型仓库目标定位与跟踪系统可实现对仓库内所有目标的定位与跟踪。结论基于物联网架构建立的军械仓库弹药保障系统,使得弹药保障可视、敏捷、精确。军械仓库、人员、装备、弹药和管理部门等通过军用物联网彼此可实现信息交互。     

基于Multi-Agent的协同设计中虚拟环境感知研究

在现代机电产品设计过程中,要求采取快捷灵活的行动方式。随着虚拟现实技术的发展, 研究协同虚拟产品设计成为CAD/CAM的重要课题之一。结合协同虚拟设计原型系统(cooperative virtual production design, CVPD),提出了一种新的基于Multi-Agent的虚拟环境感知体系结构,给出离散系统神经网络的算法,并以动态多光标为例,解决用户自定义虚拟感知结构的实现方式。该结构提高了协同虚拟设计感知能力和工作效率。     

Status quo und Trends der Galvanotechnik

Status quo and trends in electroplating Electroplating is still one of the most commonly applied surface refinement processes. Besides the automotive industry, one of the largest acceptor of electroplating surfaces, the domain electrical engineering and electronics, construction, engineering, aviation and aerospace technology, the jewellery industry and the medical‐technology (e.g. dental prosthetics) are responsible for the high turnover and development. Constantly rising commodity prices, stricter legal regulations (e.g. EU end‐of‐life vehicle directive), growing demand profiles of the customers in terms of quality and functionality, and increasing environmental awareness always lead to new challenges. By means of this process innovation is created. This paper gives an overview on the status quo of electroplating. In addition, selected current trends are presented.