Xylitol production on sugarcane biomass hydrolysate by newly identified Candida tropicalis JA2 strain

Xylitol is a building block for a variety of chemical commodities, besides being widely used as a sugar substitute in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this work was to develop a microbial process for xylitol production using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as substrate. In this context, 218 non-Saccharomyces yeast strains were screened by growth on steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate containing a high concentration of acetic acid (8.0 g/L). Seven new Candida tropicalis strains were selected and identified, and their ability to produce xylitol on hydrolysate at low pH (4.6) under aerobic conditions was evaluated. The most efficient strain, designated C. tropicalis JA2, was capable of producing xylitol with a yield of 0.47 g/g of consumed xylose. To improve xylitol production by C. tropicalis JA2, a series of experimental procedures were employed to optimize pH and temperature conditions, as well as nutrient source, and initial xylose and inoculum concentrations. C. tropicalis JA2 was able to produce 109.5 g/L of xylitol with a yield of 0.86 g/g of consumed xylose, and with a productivity of 2.81 g·L·h, on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate containing 8.0 g/L acetic acid and177 g/L xylose, supplemented with 2.0 g/L yeast nitrogen base and 4.0 g/L urea. Thus, it was possible to identify a new C. tropicalis strain and to optimize the xylitol production process using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as a substrate. The xylitol yield on biomass hydrolysate containing a high concentration of acetic acidobtained in here is among the best reported in the literature.     

Xylitol production from rice straw hemicellulose hydrolyzate by polyacrylic hydrogel thin films with immobilized Candida subtropicalis WF79

Xylose from rice straw hemicellulose hydrolysate was fermented for xylitol production using Candida subtropicalis WF79 cells immobilized in polyacrylic hydrogel thin films of 200 mum thickness. Cell immobilization was conducted by first suspending the yeast cells in a mixture of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA, hydrophilic monomer), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA, crosslinking agent), and benzoin isopropyl ether (photoinitiator). The mixture was then allowed to form polyacrylic hydrogel thin films, between two pieces of glass sheets, by UV-initiated photopolymerization. The hemicellulose of rice straw was hydrolyzed using dilute sulfuric acid at 126 degrees C. The hydrolysate was neutralized with calcium hydroxide. After separating the solid residues and calcium sulfate precipitates by filtration, the hydrolysate was treated with charcoal to partially remove potential inhibitory substances, followed by vacuum concentration to obtain solutions of desired xylose concentrations for yeast fermentation. The thin films with immobilized yeast cells were submerged in the xylose solution from rice straw hydrolysate for fermentation in an Erlenmeyer flask. The maximum yield was 0.73 g of xylitol per gram of xylose consumed. In the 52.5-day long durability test, after 40 d of repeated batchwise operation, the fermentation activities of the cell immobilized in thin films began to decline to a yield of 0.57 g/g at the end.     

驯化和胶囊包裹的假丝酵母LF04发酵玉米芯水解液生产木糖醇(英文)

玉米芯的酸水解液是木糖醇生产的重要原料,但是该水解液中含有糠醛、酚类等对后续微生物发酵有毒害作用的化合物。本研究从土壤中分离了一株似假丝酵母LF01,通过驯化和微胶囊包裹来提高其对水解液的抗性。结果表明通过多次驯化并进行包裹的假丝酵母LF04能在玉米芯水解液中不经任何脱毒处理发酵木糖生产木糖醇。在pH5.5 溶氧为 0.15vvm 的条件下发酵 88h,木糖转化率为 76%,木糖醇浓度达 61.768g/L。远高于其出发菌株。该结果表明采用该方法有望用于木糖醇的工业化生产。     

THE ENHANCEMENT OF AMMONIA PRETREATMENT ON THE FERMENTATION OF RICE STRAW HYDROLYSATE TO XYLITOL

In xylitol fermentation from rice straw hydrolysate by Candida tropicalis As2.1776, ammonia steeping was employed to pretreat the rice straw. Experimental results showed that the content of toxic compounds created in the hydrolysis process, such as acetic acid and phenolic compounds, was greatly reduced and the fermentation of the hydrolysate was enhanced. Xylitol fermentation was investigated in flasks and a 2‐L bioreactor, respectively. The xylitol yield factor and volumetric productivity were 0.746 g/g and 0.686 g/(L·h) in the lab‐flask fermentation, respectively. The corresponding results conducted in bioreactor fermentation were 0.689 g/g and 0.697 g/(L·h), respectively.     

生物法发酵生产木糖醇研究进展

木糖醇作为食品,医药,化工等领域的重要合成原料,具有极高的应用价值。利用微生物法发酵生产木糖醇具有原料来源广泛,发酵条件温和,产物分离纯化简单等优势,一直被认为是绿色经济的木糖醇生产工艺路线。本文通过对生物法生产木糖醇的热点问题:发酵菌种的分类和发酵性能、基因工程菌的改造策略、以半纤维素水解液为发酵底物的制取、脱毒处理和发酵条件优化以及在固定化技术中所应用到的载体和固定化方法等几个方面进行梳理和归纳,系统阐述了生物法发酵生产木糖醇的最新研究进展,并对其前景进行了展望。     

固定化热带假丝酵母发酵氨浸稻秸水解液生产木糖醇

采用海藻酸钙固定化热带假丝酵母细胞发酵氨水浸泡稻秸半纤维素水解液生产木糖醇。为了提高木糖醇的转化率,对发酵条件进行了研究。发酵在250 mL锥形瓶中进行。向水解液中补充适量氮源和营养盐等营养物质提高了木糖醇的生产速率,但木糖醇转化率没有因此而提高。适宜的初始pH和细胞干浓度分别为4-5和1.22 g/L。在这些条件下,进行了固定化细胞重复法较高浓缩度水解液的试验。结果发现,固定化细胞能在初始木糖浓度为104.2 g/L的水解液中重复批式发酵5次,木糖醇平均得率和生产速率分别为0.737 g/g和0.533 g/(L.h)。     

Use of spent brewer's yeast in L‐(+) lactic acid fermentation

The application of by‐products from the brewing industry in lactic acid (LA) production was investigated in order to replace expensive nitrogen sources (such as yeast extract) with cheaper and renewable nitrogenous materials such as brewer's yeast (BY). In this study, brewer's spent grain (BSG) hydrolysate was used for L‐(+)‐LA fermentation by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469. The effect of pH control during the fermentation and the addition of various BY contents (5–50 g/L) in BSG hydrolysate on fermentation parameters was evaluated. BY addition significantly increased free amino nitrogen (FAN) concentration (by 25.2% at 5 g/L to 616% at 50 g/L). A strong positive correlation between FAN concentration in the hydrolysate and concentration of L‐(+)‐LA produced was observed (correlation coefficient of 0.913). A high cell viability of L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 (1.95–3.32 × 10⁹ CFU/mL at the end of fermentation) was achieved in all fermentations with the addition of brewer's yeast. The addition of BY increased L‐(+)‐lactic acid yield and volumetric productivity up to 8.4% (5 g/L) and 48.3% (50 g/L). The highest L‐(+)‐LA yield (89%) and volumetric productivity (0.89 g/L h^?1) were achieved in fermentation of BSG hydrolysate with 50 g/L of BY. © 2019 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

土壤中产木糖醇酵母菌株的筛选其发酵条件优化

本文以木糖为唯一碳源从土壤中筛选得到可以耐受高浓度木糖的菌株,再经过复筛选出一株高产木糖醇的酵母菌株Y-9。经高效液相色谱(HPLC)和红外扫描分析,确定菌株Y-9发酵利用木糖转化得到的主要产物为木糖醇。通过单因素实验、正交试验等手段,对菌株Y-9发酵产木糖醇的培养基组分和发酵条件进行了优化,进一步提高了目的菌株的木糖醇产率和转化率,确定了菌株Y-9摇瓶发酵木糖转化木糖醇的最优培养基和发酵条件。在木糖初始浓度为200 g/L,氮源为酵母膏3.0 g/L,硫酸铵2.0 g/L,玉米浆10.0 mL/L,硫酸镁0.1 g/L,初始pH为6.0,转速为180 r/min,接种量为4%的条件下,菌株Y-9的木糖醇产率为160 g/L左右,木糖醇生成速率为1.67 g/L.h,木糖/木糖醇转化率达到80%以上,是一株具有良好工业化研究开发价值的木糖醇生产菌株。     

正交旋转回归试验优化木糖醇发酵培养基

利用旋转回归法研究热带假丝酵母 (Candidatropicalis)木糖醇发酵的 2个因素 :葡萄糖和酵母膏用量对木糖醇转化率的影响 ,根据木糖醇转化率依葡萄糖和酵母膏用量的回归方程分析表明 ,培养基中添加葡萄糖能提高木糖醇产物转化率 ,而酵母膏对提高产物转化率的作用不显著。研究同时表明 ,添加葡萄糖后能降低培养基中酵母膏的使用量 ,节约成本。根据回归方程寻优得出 :当木糖质量浓度 13 0 g/L时 ,葡萄糖用量 14 2 6g/L ,酵母膏用量3 40 g/L时 ,由木糖生成木糖醇的产物转化率最高     

ACA微囊化酵母细胞利用酒糟水解液发酵木糖醇的初步研究

通过ACA(Chitosan-alginate)微胶囊技术包埋的热带假丝酵母(Candidatropicalis)细胞能有效地发酵酒糟(文中均指丢糟)半纤维素水解液生产木糖醇。在摇瓶条件下,适宜的工艺条件为:初始木糖质量浓度100g/L,发酵液初始pH值6.0,限制性供氧,分段改变摇床转速(0～24h为180r/min,24～48h为120r/min)使菌株在培养早期获得较高水平的通气率,而后降低菌株的呼吸率。每升氮源含酵母膏1.8g,蛋白胨3.0g,微囊化胶珠与水解液体积比为1∶4。此方法有望大幅降低原料预处理的成本,发酵结果良好,显示了良好的应用潜力。     

生物转化法生产木糖醇的细胞增殖培养基优化

以木糖为底物利用酵母细胞转化生产木糖醇,研究细胞增殖培养基中不同种类的碳源、氮源和微量元素及其添加量对酵母细胞生长和木糖转化率的影响。结果表明,当碳源为木糖和葡萄糖添加量分别为1%时,木糖醇浓度为49.6g/L;当无机氮源为蛋白胨且浓度为2%时,木糖转化时间为60h,木糖醇浓度达到58g/L;微量元素为磷酸二氢钾浓度为0.1%时,木糖的转化时间为48h,此时木糖醇浓度达到59g/L。     

热带假丝酵母发酵生产木糖醇的研究

对热带假丝酵母 (C tropicalis )As2 1 776发酵木糖醇的营养条件进行了初步研究。初始木糖浓度在 80g/L附近时木糖醇转化率较高 ,限制性供氧条件下有利于木糖醇积累。酵母膏和蛋白胨是比较适合产木糖醇的有机氮源 ,而酵母膏更利于酵母细胞生长。培养基中添加 2 g/L的(NH4 ) 2 HPO4 、2～ 6g/L的NaCl、1～ 3g/L的KH2 PO4 、0 1～ 0 3 g/L的MgSO4 ·7H2 O能提高木糖醇的转化率     

产木糖醇酵母──耐糖菌株的筛选

用分属于 4个属 (Candida、Debaryomyces、Hansenula、Trichosporon)的 14个酵母菌株 ,在两个不同的木糖浓度条件下评价其耐糖性及生成木糖醇的能力。结果表明 ,C .tropicalis的耐糖性及木糖醇转化率普遍优于其它酵母。其中C .tropicalisAs 2 .56 7生成的木糖醇浓度达 138 7g/L     

采用响应面法优化木糖醇发酵培养基

将Plackett-Burman和响应面设计相结合,对木糖醇发酵培养基进行了优化。结果表明,初始木糖浓度、酵母膏添加量以及MgSO4.7H2O浓度是影响木糖醇转化率的主要因素。优化得到的培养基组成为(g/L)木糖100.7,酵母膏5.302,NaCl6.0,MgSO4.7H2O0.379,KH2PO43,(NH4)2HPO44;通气条件为装液量100mL/250mL。此条件下木糖醇的转化率为0.784g/g。     

Extraction of Hemicellulose from Acacia Wood via Autohydrolysis and Ethanol Precipitation

Isolation and utilization of hemicellulose are important processes in the pulp mill-based biorefinery. Considering the potential end use of the hemicellulose,this study investigated the concentration of monomeric and oligomeric sugars in the hydrolysate derived from autohydrolysis of acacia wood and the obtainment of these sugars via ethanol precipitation. The rate of generation of monomers and oligomers increased dramatically with an increase of the temperature from 160℃ to 180℃. The maximum content of oligomers and total sugars was achieved under conditions of 180℃ and 10 min,170℃ and 85 min,respectively. Interestingly,the maximum yield of hemicellulose via ethanol precipitation was achieved in a much shorter time,compared with the maximum yield of oligomer from the hydrolysate by autohydrolysis. A 6. 66 g / L quantity of hemicellulose was obtained by intensifying the conditions of ethanol precipitation. The hemicellulose characteristics were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared,nuclear magnetic resonance,and ultraviolet spectroscopy,and the molecular weight was determined by gel permeation chromatography and thermal analysis.     

有机氮源对腺苷发酵的影响

腺苷在生理生化过程中起着重要的调控作用,具有较高的药用价值,在医药领域有着广泛的应用.主要研究了玉米浆、豆饼水解液和酵母粉等有机氮源对腺苷发酵产苷的影响.在5L发酵罐上通过添加不同浓度的有机氮源,考察枯草杆菌XGL在不同条件下的菌体生长与产苷情况.通过实验优化,获得最佳的有机氮源为玉米浆20 mL/L、豆饼水解液30 mL/L、酵母粉16 g/L,在此条件下发酵50 h,腺苷最高产量达到41.6 g/L,比初始发酵条件提高65.1％.     

从蔗渣半纤维素水解物发酵液中分离纯化木糖醇

蔗渣半纤维素水解物发酵液必须经过超滤处理,后续的离子交换柱层析过程才能顺利进行。超滤透过液经离子交换柱层析脱盐之后,再经活性炭脱色,这种木糖醇液浓缩至可溶性固形物含量为80%,即可结晶得到含量≥98.5%的木糖醇产品。结晶母液经连续浓缩之后得到的第二次结晶和第三次结晶,则必须经重结晶后才能获得含量≥98.5%的木糖醇产品。从发酵液中的木糖醇到含量≥98.5%结晶木糖醇,产品总收率约为70.6%。本工艺适宜超滤膜的截留分子量为5000kD,阴、阳离子树脂的适宜比例约1.5:1(V/V),活性碳用量为木糖醇溶液可溶性固形物含量的2.5%。当结晶母液中的阿拉伯糖浓度超过木糖醇浓度的45.0%,木糖浓度超过木糖醇浓度的12.6%时,它们都容易与木糖醇一起结晶析出。存在于这种母液中的木糖醇将难于通过结晶的方法而继续得到有效的纯化。     

Xylitol bioproduction from wheat straw: hemicellulose hydrolysis and hydrolyzate fermentation

A 2² central composite design with five center points was performed to estimate the effects of temperature (120, 130 and 140 °C) and acid loading (100, 150 and 200 mg g^?1) on the yield of monomeric xylose recovery from wheat straw hemicellulose (Y_S/RM). Under the best hydrolysis condition (140 °C and 200 mg g^?1), a Y_S/RM of 0.26 g g^?1 was achieved. After vacuum concentration and detoxification by pH alteration and active charcoal adsorption, the hydrolyzate was used as source of xylose for xylitol bioproduction in a stirred tank reactor. A xylitol production of 30.8 g L^?1 was achieved after 54 h^?1 of fermentation, resulting in a productivity (Q_P) of 0.57 g L^?1 h^?1 and bioconversion yield (Y_P/S) of 0.88 g g^?1. The maximum specific rates of xylose consumption and xylitol production were 0.19 and 0.15 g g^?1 h^?1, respectively. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

马铃薯淀粉水解条件优化及油脂酵母培养研究

以马铃薯淀粉为底物,葡萄糖含量为评价指标,通过响应面法优化淀粉酶解工艺,将水解液用于发酵生产微生物油脂。最佳酶解条件为马铃薯淀粉质量浓度20 mg/mL,加酶量为干淀粉质量3.2%,α-淀粉酶、葡萄糖淀粉酶的质量比2.2∶1,pH 4.1,酶解时间4.1 h,得到最高葡萄糖含量为15.06 mg/mL。向此水解液中添加一定氮源和无机盐用于油脂酵母菌株Y004-2培养,在250 mL三角瓶中其生物量为14.43 g/L,油脂产量5.16 g/L,在5.0 L发酵罐中生物量为14.27 g/L,油脂产量5.10 g/L,其生物量和油脂产量均略高于以葡萄糖为碳源;且菌株Y004-2在以马铃薯淀粉水解液为碳源的培养基中所得油脂的组成与以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基中所得油脂的脂肪酸组成相同。     

Fed‐batch l‐(+)‐lactic acid fermentation of brewer's spent grain hydrolysate

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) hydrolysates were used for l ‐(+)‐lactic acid (LA) fermentation by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469. The aim of this study was to evaluate fed‐batch LA fermentation of BSG hydrolysate with the addition of glucose, glucose and yeast extract, and wort during LA fermentation and its effect on fermentation parameters such as LA concentration, its volumetric productivity and yield, and L. rhamnosus cell viability. The highest LA yield, volumetric productivity and concentration of 93.3%, 2.0 g/L/h, and 116.1 g/L, respectively, were achieved with glucose and yeast extract addition during fermentation. In fed‐batch fermentation with glucose and yeast extract addition significantly higher LA concentration, yield and volumetric productivity (by 194.8; 2.2, and 20.7%, respectively) were achieved compared with batch fermentation. The results indicated that fed‐batch fermentation could be used to increase LA fermentation efficiency. Copyright © 2017 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling