Optimal design of nonlinear hydraulic engine mount

This paper shows that the performance of a nonlinear fluid engine mount can be improved by an optimal design process The property of a hydraulic mount with inertia track and decouplen differs according to the disturbance frequency range. Since the excitation amplitude is large at low excitation frequency range and is small at high excitation frequency range, mathematical model of the mount can be divided into two linear models One is a low frequency model and the other is a high frequency model The combination of the two models is very useful in the analysis of the mount and is used for the first time in the optimization of an engine mount in this paper Normally, the design of a fluid mount is based on a trial and error approach in industry because there are many design parameters In this study, a nonlinear mount was optimized to minimize the transmissibilities of the mount at the notch and the resonance frequencies for low and high-frequency models by a popular optimization technique of sequential quadratic programming (SQP) supported by MATLAB^(r) subroutine. The results show that the performance of the mount can be greatly improved for the low and high frequencies ranges by the optimization method     

Vibration and noise control of structural systems using squeeze mode ER mounts

This paper presents vibration and noise control of flexible structures using squeeze mode electro-rheological mounts. After verifying that the damping force of the ER mount can be controlled by the intensity of the electric fild, two different types of ER squeeze mounts have been devised. Firstly, a small size ER mount to support 3 kg is manufactured and applied to the frame structure to control the vibration. An optimal controller which consists of the velocity and the transmitted force feedback signals is designed and implemented to attenuate both the vibration and the transmitted forces. Secondly, a large size of ER mount to support 200 kg is devised and applied to the shell structure to reduce the radiated noise. Dynamic modeling and controller design are undertaken in order to evaluate noise control performance as well as isolation performance of the transmitted force. The radiated noise from the cylindrical shell is calculated by SYSNOISE using forces which are transmitted to the cylindrical shell through two-stage mounting system.     

Active vibration suppression of a flexible structure using sliding mode control

In this paper, sliding mode control (SMC) is designed and applied to an elastic structure to suppress some of its vibration modes. The system is an elastic beam clamped on one end and the designed controller uses only the deflection measurement of the free end. The infinite dimensional mathematical model of the beam is reduced to an ordinary differential equation set to represent the behavior of required modes. Since the states of the finite dimensional model are not physically measurable quantities, an observer is designed to estimate these states by measuring the tip deflection of the beam. The performance of the observer is important because the observed states are used in the SMC design. In this study, by using the output information, an observer is designed and tested to estimate the states of the finite dimensional model of the beam. Then the designed SMC is applied to the experimental beam system which gives satisfactory suppressed vibrations.     

Sliding mode control of two-wheeled welding mobile robot for tracking smooth curved welding path

In this paper, a nonlinear controller based on sliding mode control is applied to a two-wheeled Welding Mobile Robot (WMR) to track a smooth curved welding path at a constant velocity of the welding point. The mobile robot is considered in terms of dynamics model in Cartesian coordinates under the presence of external disturbance, and its parameters are exactly known. It is assumed that the disturbance satisfies the matching condition with a known boundary. To obtain the controller, the tracking errors are defined, and the two sliding surfaces are chosen to guarantee that the errors converge to zero asymptotically. Two cases are to be considered : fixed torch and controllable torch. In addition, a simple way of measuring the errors is introduced using two potentiometers. The simulation and experiment on a two-wheeled welding mobile robot are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

Sliding mode controller with sliding perturbation observer based on gain optimization using genetic algorithm

The Stewart platform manipulator is a closed-kinematics chain robot manipulator that is capable of providing high structural rigidity and positional accuracy. However, this is a complex and nonlinear system, so the control performance of the system is not so good. In this paper, a new robust motion control algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses partial state feedback for a class of nonlinear systems with modeling uncertainties and external disturbances. The major contribution is the design of a robust observer for the state and the perturbation of the Stewart platform, which is combined with a variable structure controller (VSC). The combination of controller and observer provides the robust routine called sliding mode control with sliding perturbation observer (SMCSPO). The optimal gains of SMCSPO, which is determined by nominal eigenvalues, are easily obtained by genetic algorithm. The proposed fitness function that evaluates the gain optimization is to put sliding function. The control performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by the simulation and experiment to apply to the Stewart platform. The results showed high accuracy and good performance.     

Sliding mode control with fuzzy adaptive perturbation compensator for 6-DOF parallel manipulator

This paper proposes a sliding mode controller with fuzzy adaptive perturbation compensator (FAPC) to get a good control performance and reduce the chatter. The proposed algorithm can reduce the chattering because the proposed fuzzy adaptive perturbation compensator compensates the perturbation terms. The compensator computes the control input for compensating unmodeled dynamic terms and disturbance by using the observer-based fuzzy adaptive network (FAN). The weighting parameters of the compensator are updated by on-line adaptive scheme in order to minimize the estimation error and the estimation velocity error of each actuator. Therefore, the combination of sliding mode control and fuzzy adaptive network gives the robust and intelligent routine to get a good control performance. To evaluate the control performance of the proposed approach, tracking control is experimentally carried out for the hydraulic motion platform which consists of a 6-DOF parallel manipulator.     

Vibration control of a flexible structure using a hybrid mount

This paper presents vibration control of a flexible beam structure using a hybrid mount which consists of elastic rubber and piezoelectric stack actuator. After identifying stiffness and damping properties of the rubber and piezoelectric elements, a mechanical model of the hybrid mount is established. The mount model is then incorporated with the beam structure, and the governing equation of motion is obtained in a state space. A sliding mode controller is designed in order to actively attenuate the vibration of the beam structure subjected to high-frequency and small magnitude excitations. The controller is experimentally realized and measured control responses such as acceleration of the beam structure and force transmission through the hybrid mount are evaluated and presented in both frequency and time domains.     

Improving tracking performance of industrial SCARA robots using a new sliding mode control algorithm

This paper addresses the implementation of a new sliding mode control algorithm for high speed and high precision tasks, which is robust against variations in the robot parameters and load. The effects of nonlinear dynamics, which are difficult to model accurately, become prominent in high speed operations. This paper attempts to treat the nonlinear dynamics of a SCARA robot as a disturbance. Based upon this approach, a new sliding mode control algorithm is proposed, in which a switching control input can be obtained easily and is determined to satisfy the existence condition for sliding mode control. A graphic simulator is used to evaluate the proposed algorithm for a SCARA robot. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is robust against disturbances and can reduce the magnitude of chattering, which is an unavoidable problem in sliding mode control. Experiments are carried out to validate the simulated results with an industrial SCARA robot using DSPs.     

滑模方法在分布式电动车容错控制上的应用

分布式电动车是一种由轮毂电机驱动的新型车辆.针对其驱动系统部分失效的情况下车辆发生跑偏等的问题,设计了一种基于滑模变结构控制的被动容错控制方法,该控制方法不需要精确的故障估计信息便能够对车辆进行有效控制.首先,讨论了可能发生的失效,建立了所需的车辆模型.而后,使用二自由度车辆模型作为参考模型,建立了基于横摆角速度、质心...     

Pre-sliding friction control using the sliding mode controller with hysteresis friction compensator

Friction phenomenon can be described as two parts, which are the pre-sliding and sliding regions. In the motion of the sliding region, the friction force depends on the velocity of the system and consists of the Coulomb, stick-slip, Streibeck effect and viscous frictions. The friction force in the pre-sliding region, which occurs before the breakaway, depends on the position of the system. In the case of the motion of the friction in the sliding region, the LuGre model describes well the friction phenomenon and is used widely to identify the friction model, but the motion of the friction in the pre-sliding such as hysteresis phenomenon cannot be expressed well. In this paper, a modified friction model for the motion of the friction in the pre-sliding region is suggested which can consider the hysteresis phenomenon as the Preisach model. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed friction model, the sliding mode controller (SMC) with hysteresis friction compensator is synthesized for a ball-screw servo system.     

Sliding mode disturbance observer-based control of a twin rotor MIMO system

This work proposes a robust tracking controller for a helicopter laboratory setup known as the twin rotor MIMO system (TRMS) using an integral sliding mode controller. To eliminate the discontinuity in the control signal, the controller is augmented by a sliding mode disturbance observer. The actuator dynamics is handled using a backstepping approach which is applicable due to the continuous chattering-free nature of the command signals generated using the disturbance observer based controller. To avoid the complexity of analytically differentiating the command signals, a first order sliding mode differentiator is used. Stability analysis of the closed loop system and the ultimate boundedness of the tracking error is proved using Lyapunov stability arguments. The proposed controller is validated by several simulation studies and is compared to other schemes in the literature. Experimental results using a hardware-in-the-loop system validate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

Sliding mode control of a simulated MEMS gyroscope

The microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are penetrating more and more into measurement and control problems because of their small size, low cost, and low power consumption. The vibrating gyroscope is one of those MEMS devices that will have a significant impact on the stability control systems in transportation industry. This paper studies the design and control of a vibrating gyroscope. The device has been constructed in a Pro-E environment and its model has been simulated in the finite-element domain in order to approximate its dynamic characteristics with a lumped model. A model reference adaptive feedback controller and the sliding mode controller have been considered to guarantee the stability of the device. It is shown that the sliding mode controller of the vibrating proof mass results in a better estimate of the unknown angular velocity than that of the model reference adaptive feedback controller.     

A swarm intelligence-based tuning method for the sliding mode generalized predictive control

This work presents an automatic tuning method for the discontinuous component of the Sliding Mode Generalized Predictive Controller (SMGPC) subject to constraints. The strategy employs Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to minimize a second aggregated cost function. The continuous component is obtained by the standard procedure, by Quadratic Programming (QP), thus yielding an online dual optimization scheme. Simulations and performance indexes for common process models in industry, such as nonminimum phase and time delayed systems, result in a better performance, improving robustness and tracking accuracy.     

汽车ABS滑移率的模糊滑模控制研究

汽车防抱死系统(ABS)是汽车制动过程中的一项基本安全措施,滑移率控制是汽车防抱死控制的重要部分。汽车制动时路况时时变化,汽车滑移率的动力学模型是一个时变、非线性、不确定系统。针对这一特点,将滑模控制运动到汽车防抱死制动控制中,设计了汽车滑移率的等效滑模控制器。为了消除滑模控制切换项带来的抖振,使切换控制项在保证鲁棒性能的同时尽可能小,利用模糊规则,对切换项进行模糊化,建立基于模糊切换控制的等效滑模控制器。仿真结果表明,滑模控制方法具有很好的鲁棒性能,加入模糊规则的等效滑模方法能很好的消除抖振现象。     

加工中心龙门磁悬浮高度的滑模控制

针对龙门加工中心中的移动横梁,提出了采用磁悬浮技术,实现无摩擦驱动的新型控制方案。根据所建立的横梁磁悬浮系统的数学模型,应用基于微分几何的反馈线性化方法将非线性的电磁悬浮系统转化为线性系统,然后利用积分滑模控制器来对整个系统进行鲁棒控制。仿真研究结果表明,与传统控制方法相比,系统具有很强的抗扰性和较高的刚度,横梁能够实现无摩擦稳定悬浮。     

智能扫地机器人双环积分滑模控制方法研究

针对Mecanum轮型扫地机器人在车轮打滑和重心偏移等不确定非线性因素影响下的轨迹跟踪精度问题,提出了一种基于修正动力学模型的轨迹跟踪控制方法。首先,对机器人进行了运动学与动力学分析。然后,根据外界干扰及参数估计的不确定性对动力学模型进行了修正,设计了双环积分滑模控制器,并通过Lyapunov函数证明了控制系统的稳定性。最后,在不同扰动作用下,以圆为参考轨迹进行跟踪仿真,结果表明:该控制系统具有较好的抗干扰性和鲁棒性,避免了因不确定性参数估计带来的建模误差,为扫地机器人在实际轨迹跟踪控制运用中奠定了理论基础。     

半主动空气悬架的滑模变结构控制

建立了空气悬架汽车2自由度1/4车数学模型,利用极点配置法和等效控制法分别设计了滑模切换面函数和滑模控制器。在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下研究了滑模控制器对车身垂向加速度,悬架动挠度和车轮动载荷在时域和频域上的作用效果,并以Fuzzy-PID控制的空气悬架系统为参考模型验证了滑模变结构控制器的有效性。仿真结果表明:所设计的空气悬架滑模控制器性能稳定,在时域分析中,滑模变结构控制使得所研究的空气悬架系统各项评价指标均下降30%左右,在频域分析中,比较Fuzzy-PID控制滑模变结构控制也表现出了优越的性能,使空气悬架系统隔振性能明显改善。     

多新息模型辨识PMSM双曲正切滑模定位控制

永磁同步电机伺服系统是一个复杂的非线性系统,模型参数、摩擦等因素使其难以用准确的数学模型表示.针对永磁同步电机伺服系统存在不确定参数、摩擦及外部扰动现象,提出一种基于多新息模型辨识的双曲正切滑模定位策略.首先,将永磁同步电机的模型进行状态离散化,并用多新息模型辨识方法对系统的模型参数进行辨识;然后根据离散化的辨识系统状...     

Sliding mode control of I/O linearizable systems with uncertainty

In this paper we explore the application of sliding mode control to process control problems. Sliding mode control is presented as a natural tool for robust design of state feedback controllers for minimum phase input–output linearizable systems with uncertainty. An example is presented to illustrate some of the issues involved in the design of sliding mode robust controllers.     

H∞ control for flutter suppression of a laminated plate with self-sensing actuators

Active flutter suppression system of a composite plate wing model is designed using a reduced order model. The analysis for a laminated composite wing with segmented piezoelectric sensor/actuator pairs is conducted by the Ritz solution technique. Unsteady aerodynamic forces calculated by doublet lattice method are approximated as the transfer functions of the Laplace variable by the minimum state method. Among the aerodynamic states obtained from rational function approximation, only one aerodynamic state is included in the plant model for feedback purpose. The neglected aerodynamic states are regarded as modeling error. The control system uses the integrated and collocated piezoelectric self-sensing actuator pairs so as to prohibit the non-minimum phase model and the spillover due to the unmodeled dynamics. Based on the mixed-sensitivityH∞ control method, the control parameters are determined. Using a simple wing model, the performance of the controlled system is shown in the frequency and time domain respectively. The electric current and the power requirement for aeroelastic control are also predicted.