测温技术在子午线轮胎硫化中的应用

对载重于午线轮胎285／75R24．5和轻载子午线轮胎185／80R14C进行了硫化测温试验。测温结果表明，载重子午线轮胎带束层区域易欠硫，胎面区域易过硫；轻载子午线轮胎胎圈区域易欠硫，胎体和胎面区域易过硫。硫化后冷却时的后硫化效应对总硫化程度影响很大，尤以轻载子午线轮胎为甚。可以通过合理调整硫化时间和温度改善轮胎整体硫化程度。     

降低工程机械轮胎的过硫化

为了减少工程机械轮胎的过硫化和硫化返原，可以采取调速轮胎各部位配方以力争达到各部位胶料同时达到正硫化点，或者利用硫化测温法合理调整硫化时间。另外，在调整过程中要充分考虑到后硫化效应和硫化前烘胎的作用。     

工程机械轮胎内冷却硫化工艺研究

选取18.00-25 40PR TL510规格轮胎进行不同硫化工艺测温试验,分析研究合适的内冷却硫化工艺条件。与传统过热水硫化工艺相比,内冷却硫化工艺是在内温过热水循环一段时间后切换为冷却水循环,同时提前关闭外温蒸汽,降低胎体帘线出罐时温度,减少轮胎从出罐到进行后充气期间的帘线收缩,并降低轮胎过硫度和硫化能耗,改善轮胎硫化均匀性,提高轮胎质量。     

轮胎硫化工艺的优选

轮胎硫化时间决定成品轮胎的过硫或欠硫,从而影响产品质量。确定轮胎硫化时间可以采用传统方法、硫化测温法或发泡点测定法。通过硫化测温并对轮胎各部件的胶料配方调整后,可使轮胎在硫化过程中各部位胶料基本同时达到正硫化,从而取得最优的硫化效果。     

工程机械轮胎硫化测温仪

介绍工程机械轮胎硫化测温仪的技术指标和功能特点。实心轮胎和工程机械轮胎硫化测温所用的测温仪必须能超长时间连续工作。工程机械轮胎硫化测温仪具有如下特性：20点测温，测温周期10s，测温和硫化计算同时进行，可连续工作22h，并自动处理异常温度，各种数据和图表测温结束后即可输出。该测温仪也适用于其它车辆斜交轮胎、子午线轮胎和其它橡胶制品的硫化测温。     

天然橡胶内胎硫化测温实验

根据轮胎硫化测温技术,采取三角铁部位安装电加热片通电加热的工艺,对天然橡胶内胎进行硫化测温。测温结果表明,在三角铁不通电加热情况下,三角铁部位温度低,硫化内胎胎身部位存在较明显的过硫现象;在三角铁上安装电加热片通电加热,可以提高三角铁部位的温度,使三角铁部位硫化效应与其它各部位硫化效应相当,将正硫化时间缩短30S后,三角铁部位胶垫与胎身的粘合力明显提高,而强度没有明显变化。     

过热水硫化工艺改进应用研究

通过对11.00R20规格轮胎发泡找到合适硫化时间,并由埋线测温所得各部件温度-时间曲线对轮胎各部件进行等效硫化时间计算,测温结果表明该规格轮胎新工艺条件下各部件硫化程度较理想。通过增加过热水止循环步序时间和降低内外温温度,提高轮胎产品质量的同时降低了能源消耗。     

轮胎硫化条件的设定

使用硫化测温和发泡点试验方法,确定新规格轮胎产品的硫化条件。     

轮胎硫化测温及硫化条件的制定

通过热电偶测温结果判断轮胎各部位的硫化程度和胶料的硫化匹配情况,并介绍了如何利用测温结果按厚度计算确定轮胎的最佳硫化条件。对于初次测温的轮胎规格,需进行初测和复测两次测温,综合两次测温的结果定出硫化时间,如果启模时各点的等效硫化时间不小于其t90,而总的等效硫化时间不大于其tmax,而且成品轮胎耐久性和解剖所测各项性能均满足设计要求,即可确定为最优硫化条件。     

载重子午线轮胎硫化温度的在线检测与分析

分别对轻型和中型载重子午线轮胎进行硫化温度在线测定和分析.结果表明,测温点距轮胎外表面越近,硫化过程中升温速度越快,启模后降温也越快,其后硫化效应也越小;轮胎外表面温度的上升主要受外蒸汽的影响,胎里部位的最高温度超过160℃,其温度受内温的影响较大,胎肩部位的最高温度比胎圈部位略低;轻型载重轮胎不同测温点和胶料间的总等效硫化程度和启模等效硫化程度差异较小,中型载重轮胎则差异较大}两规格轮胎肩部最厚处的总等效硫化程度相当.     

改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的固化工艺研究

本文用ＤＳＣ法研究改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的固化动力学参数和固化工艺,固化度和红外光谱确定了后处理工艺。研究所得的固化工艺条件中１４０℃／ｈ、１９０℃／２ｈ,２４０℃／４ｈ能达到完全固化。     

Dielectric spectroscopy of anaerobic adhesive cure

Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) is shown to be a most useful tool for the study of the surface initiated redox cure in model anaerobic acrylic adhesives. These models are deliberately designed to exhibit different levels of cure heterogeneity. The cure is initiated by the surfaces of two substrates on either side of a bondline. The heterogeneous cure situation is referred to as low cure through volume (CTV). Poor CTV is an undesirable feature that leads to mechanical weakness in an adhesive bond. Thus, experimental techniques based on DS are developed to investigate the cure characteristics and in particular the CTV phenomenon in the model anaerobic adhesives.     

硫化体系的变更对白炭黑填充橡胶性能的影响

文章通过对白炭黑填充橡胶的硫化体系的变更,探讨了加入MBTS（苯并噻唑）对橡胶物性及轮胎性能的影响。结果表明,在白炭黑填充的橡胶中加入MBTS,大大提高硫化速率,缩短硫化时间,橡胶物理特性差异很小,轮胎评价达到试验要求。     

辐射固化胶粘剂的应用与研究

近年来,辐射固化胶粘剂由于其快速固化及优异的性能发展很快,广泛应用于各行各业。文章介绍了它的特性及应用领域,并对它近年的研究进展简要地做了介绍。     

LED光源对PCB油墨革命性的影响

PCB油墨是指印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board,简称为PCB)所采用的油墨,光引发剂是PCB油墨的重要组分之一,目前常用引发剂最敏感的吸收波长在365nm左右,与高压汞灯(PCB油墨常用的固化光源)发出的最强波长一致;LED光源发出的光波长是395nm,基于光引发剂的吸收光谱与光源的发射光谱相匹配的原则,随着UVLED曝光机的出现,要求对传统PCB油墨中光引发剂的最大吸收波长做出相应的改变,光引发剂的改变将会给PCB油墨带来革命性的影响。     

天然橡胶抗返原硫化体系的研究

研究了普通(CV)、有效(EV)、半有效(SEV)和平衡(EC)四种硫化体系对NR抗硫化返原和硫化胶物理机械性能的影响。结果表明：有效和平衡硫化体系的抗硫化返原性最好；在不同的硫化体系中加入抗返原剂Si69之后，都能有效地提高硫化天然胶的抗硫化返原性和物理机械性能。综合使用性能和抗硫化返原性，以半有效硫化体系较好。     

橡胶固化的流变学研究

本文的目的是得到一种快速、可重复的方法来反映并量化两种不同橡胶产品在固化温度下结构的形成,从控制应力屈服测试和蠕变测试结果我们发现流变学方法可以用来很好的表征橡胶的固化。     

Preparation,characterization, and thermal properties of controllable metal–imidazole complex curing agents for epoxy resins

A series of complexes incorporating the epoxy–imidazole adduct of phenyl glycidyl ether with 2‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazole (PGE‐EMI), has been prepared with the acetato and chloro transition metal salts of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Ag. These complexes have been characterized using spectroscopic methods (IR, UV‐Vis, ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR, where appropriate) and their thermal stabilities have been determined using elevated temperature NMR techniques. These high‐temperature NMR results indicated that the chloro complexes studied (of Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺) exist in equilibrium (i.e., they dissociate reversibly in a solution of dimethylsulphoxide, DMSO, at elevated temperatures), while the corresponding acetato complexes dissociate irreversibly. For the silver complexes, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to monitor the dissociation, showing that the weight loss recorded was consistent with the dissociation of the metal salt to liberate the PGE–imidazole ligand. The thermal stabilities of the metal complexes were influenced by changing both the transition metal (e.g., from Mn to Zn) and varying the anion (e.g., from acetate to chloride). From ¹H‐NMR analysis, a decrease of ca. 10°C was observed in the thermal dissociation of the acetato complexes when compared with the chloro complexes, showing that the series of PGE‐EMI complexes with acetate anions is less thermally stable than the corresponding chlorides. This finding suggests that these PGE‐EMI complexes may be modified to accommodate their use in a variety of different curing schedules when used to cure epoxy resins. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 201–217, 2000     

新型酚醛树脂固化反应动力学及固化机理研究

采用DSC热分析对S酚醛树脂的固化过程进行了动力学研究,得出了该树脂的固化工艺温度及固化动力学参数,其凝胶化温度、固化温度和后处理温度分别为360.7K、421.6K和463.4K;反应级数n=0.912、表观活化能E=76.14kJ·mol^-1,反应频率因子A=4.704×10^8min^-1。采用红外光谱分析初步探讨了该树脂的固化机理,结果表明其固化反应主要是苄羟基与苯环邻位上活泼氢产生交联缩合反应,少量为苄羟基之间的缩合反应。     

Dielectric cure determination of a thermosetting epoxy composite prepreg

Evaluation of degree of cure (DoC) of a glass reinforced epoxy composite prepreg used for manufacturing of printed circuit board (PCB) is an intensive issue because of its practical importance and cost reduction in industry. Typical techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are destructive and require curing a material during a chosen time, quenching the sample to stop cure before performing analysis. Thus, it is necessary to remove the temperature influence on the determination of DoC. In this study, the feasibility of nondestructive dielectric sensing method as an in situ DoC measuring technique through cure monitoring of prepreg is presented, where a vacuum packing configuration has been established so as for the prepreg to evaluate accurately the DoC in a quenched state at an ambient temperature. The optimal curing condition to get the fully cured state of a prepreg material is determined by the dielectric cure monitoring based on the behavior of ion viscosity. The temperature effect compensated DoC of prepreg is correlated and compared with that evaluated by DSC and FTIR. The correlated DoC with ion viscosity has identified the curing behavior of prepreg by determining cure kinetic parameters. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44707.