摩擦条件对铝合金挤压变形流动行为的影响

通过有限元模拟和实验,对不同摩擦挤压过程中铝合金变形流动行为的机理进行分析,并利用罗德系数和应力偏量不变量(J2)等特征量进行变形分区.结果表明:采用积极摩擦可使挤压时的"死区"缺陷完全消失,且塑性区内材料的应变类型由3种变为均一的拉伸类变化,显著地提高了挤压过程中坏料横断面上金属流速的均匀性,更利于金属的挤出成形.     

有效摩擦对挤压成形影响的研究

为了减小摩擦对挤压成形的影响并合理地利用摩擦,采用DEFORM-2D软件对挤压筒与坯料之间的不同摩擦状况对挤压成形的影响进行了研究。结果表明,普通挤压时两者之间的摩擦是成形的阻碍;但挤压筒与挤压杆同向运动且形成有效摩擦时,可以降低成形力,改善金属的流动,减少力学性能和组织的不均匀性,有助于提高挤压件质量和模具寿命。     

挤压筒摩擦对正挤压成形影响的研究

在对正挤压摩擦特点分析的基础上,采用Deform-2D对挤压筒与坯料之间的摩擦在挤压成形中的影响进行了研究.结果表明:挤压筒不动的情况下两者之间的摩擦是成形的阻碍;但挤压筒随挤压杆同向运动且形成有效摩擦时,可以降低成形力,改善金属的流动,有利于提高挤压件的质量和模具的使用寿命.     

一种在微挤压中确定材料真实流动应力的方法(英文)

不同于传统的常规成形,摩擦效应在微成形过程中非常重要。提出了一个采用微挤压实验中的摩擦因子来评估材料真实流动应力的方法。应用理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究对微挤压过程中的摩擦行为和流动应力进行研究。研究不同的试件尺寸对流动应力的影响,确定出真实的摩擦因子。结果表明,随着试件尺寸的变小,流动应力也随之减少,鼓度值随着摩擦因子的增加而增加,并获得到了纯铜的真实应力—应变曲线。     

复杂盒形零件成形金属流动控制研究

用挤压工艺代替冲压、机加工等生产盒形件，是一种很有发展前途的工艺方案。复杂盒形件的挤压不同于规则盒形件的成形，本文从复杂盒形件挤压的金属流动特点入手，提出了挤压模的具有方向性的止流槽。同时对该零件的变形过程进行了实验研究，验证了止流槽控制金属流动的可行性，为同类型零件的成形提供了借鉴。     

坯料形状对多阶梯变壁厚铝合金端盖背压挤压成形质量影响

针对新能源汽车涡旋式空调压缩机用多阶梯变壁厚铝合金端盖挤压成形易出现折叠和开裂等成形缺陷的问题,进行了该件背压挤压成形有限元数值模拟,研究了不同形状坯料背压挤压成形过程中的金属流动情况及变形均匀性与缺陷形成的相互关系.结果 表明,饼形坯料成形过程中不变形区造成金属不均匀流动,成形后金属变形均匀系数最大,即变形最不均匀,...     

铜连续挤压扩展成形温度场的分析

文章通过有限元数值模拟分析了铜连续挤压扩展成形中温度场的分布规律。连续挤压扩展成形过程中温升主要集中在变形和摩擦剧烈的区域。整个扩展挤压过程中最高温度出现在直角弯曲区靠近挡料块的附近,可达到700℃以上。从变形和摩擦的角度分析了坯料在挤压轮径向的温度分布的特点。从变形和传热的角度分析了金属在扩展挤压区宽度和厚度方向温度分布特点,以及温度对产品成形性的影响,并进行了现场温度测试,用热电偶采集腔体密封面和扩展腔的温度,实验结果与模拟结果吻合,为铜连续挤压扩展成形性的研究提供了依据。     

履带板挤压成形加载速度对金属流动规律影响的研究

利用有限元分析软件模拟履带板挤压成形过程中加载速度对金属流动规律的影响.通过对不同侧向挤压速度时,上凸模载荷-行程曲线图、变形均匀性-速度图,纵向挤压速度υ1=10mm/s时侧凸模载荷-行程曲线图的分析,得出了最佳挤压速度.并利用速度矢量图阐述了挤压成形时金属的流动规律.     

花键管成形的力学分析

花键管挤压成形中挤压力的计算、失稳弯曲分析、摩擦及润滑方式的选择对分析挤压成形的可行性和花键成形过程分析很重要。本文通过对花键筒的成形方式选择和成形过程分析得出对不规则截面管件挤压变形过程中力的分析和计算方法。     

多向塑性成形数值模拟研究

金属在多向受力状态下产生的流动复杂多变,人工预测及一些简单解析法计算无法准确预测金属的实际流动规律.本文用MSC/superform软件对复杂形状零件分别进行了多向挤压成形数值模拟.通过模拟结果可以看出,体积成形过程中金属的流动主要与模具型腔的形状以及填充系数有很大的关系,适当的填充系数不仅方便装料,更能减小坯料与型腔内壁的摩擦从而减少变形抗力及变形不均匀现象.模拟分析了金属在多向挤压时的载荷-行程曲线和等效应变的分布,为后续模具的设计提供科学的依据.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.