钢包渣中的氧化物与氮反应的热力学研究(二)

通过对钢包渣中V2O5,Nb2O5,La2O3等氧化物与氮反应的理论计算可知:在低压下,向还原性钢包渣中添加氧化物(V2O5,Nb2O5,La2O3),这些氧化物都可以与钢液中氮反应,对钢液脱氮有利;其中V2O5对钢液脱氮的促进作用明显大于其它两种氧化物;钢液在深脱氧的情况下,熔渣中这些氧化物都促进钢液脱氮.     

CaO基熔剂对钢液二次精炼脱磷速度的研究

利用CaO-Fe2O3-CaF2系熔剂，对磷质量分数≤0.0050%的钢液进行二次精炼脱磷处理，测定熔剂中添加BaO，Al2O3时对钢液脱磷速度的影响关系，实验得到CaO基熔剂对钢液二次精炼处理时的脱磷反应速度常数k值以及磷在熔渣中传质系数D(p)/δ值，结果表明，添加剂BaO具有增大脱磷反应速度的作用，而Al2O3对脱磷反应速度影响不大。     

提高高铝钢可浇性工艺技术研究

为了提高高铝钢可浇性,在转炉出钢及LF精炼过程对钢包渣进行改质处理,连铸采用专用高铝钢保护渣,中间包采用塞棒吹氩＋密封圈等水口防堵工艺。工艺试验结果表明,夹杂物组成可控制在12CaO·7Al2O3、3CaO·Al2O3低熔点组成区域,浇铸时长为4.5~6h时,液面状况正常,无结团,渣条较少且无硬渣条,铸坯表面质量优良,连续浇铸炉数不低于6炉。     

B4C/TiO2/Al复合材料制备及其性能

采用热压法制备了B4C/TiO2/Al复合陶瓷材料，试验结果表明，TiO2和Al的加入，使得B4C/TiO2/Al复合材料的硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性比纯B4C陶瓷材料有较大程度的提高；而且，添加相促进了复合材料的烧结.利用热力学和X射线衍射分析研究烧结过程中的化学反应，分析结果表明，复合材料中没有发现TiO2，Al，Al2O3；同时在复合材料中出现了TiB2，因为在热压过程中TiO2与B4C反应生成TiB2.分析了B4C/TiO2/Al复合陶瓷材料的微观结构和增韧机理.     

铸造/SHS法制备TiC-Al2O3钢基表面复合层的研究

采用Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3反应体系,结合自蔓延高温合成（SHS）和铸造两种工艺,制备TiC-Al2O3钢基复合材料.对Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3体系进行了热力学计算,并结合XRD及DSC分析,为本体系合成TiC,Al2O3提供理论依据.热力学计算表明：在1600℃的钢液引燃的SHS反应过程中,只能生成Al2O3,TiC两种产物.通过XRD分析也证明了在反应产物中只有Al2O3,TiC两种物质形成.并对本体系的动力学进行分析,结果表明,紧实率为55%～65%的预制块,反应进行的最充分,钢液的浸渗能力最强;陶瓷增强颗粒尺寸随着过量Al元素的增加而逐渐减小并且分布更均匀.     

B4C／TiO2／Al复合材料制备及其性能

采用热压法制备了B4C／TiO2／Al复合陶瓷材料，试验结果表明，TiO2和Al的加入，使得B4C／TiO2／Al复合材料的硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性比纯B4C陶瓷材料有较大程度的提高；而且，添加相促进了复合材料的烧结．利用热力学和X射线衍射分析研究烧结过程中的化学反应，分析结果表明，复合材料中没有发现TiO2，Al，Al2O3;同时在复合材料中出现了TiB2，因为在热压过程中TiO2-B4C反应生成TiB2．分析了B4C／TiO2／Al复合陶瓷材料的微观结构和增韧机理．     

含铌渣与钢液的冶金热力学平衡研究

在真空碳管炉中,摸拟冶金炉渣与钢液反应条件,在1 600℃下,进行了含铌渣-钢液反应的平衡实验,测定了反应平衡后钢中铌的含量,计算了氧化铌在不同渣系中的活度系数.结果表明,在CaO-SiO2-Al2O3渣系中,铌的活度系数的数量级在10-2左右,并随着碱度的升高而降低.     

高磷铁水预处理环保脱磷渣系的相图计算和实验研究

采用FactsageTM软件对以B2O3、K2O、MnO2、TiO2代替CaF2助熔的4种高磷铁水预处理脱磷渣系在1 623K时的相图进行计算,发现相图中的多数区域都有液态渣出现。根据计算相图制定脱磷实验的配渣方案,实验过程中观察到的化渣情况与计算相图提供的信息基本一致。     

添加剂Li2O对CaO基钢包渣系脱磷及控制钢液回磷能力的影响

以Li2O作添加剂替代模拟的CaO基钢包渣系中等质量的CaO,研究了Li2O含量、硫度及氧化性对渣系脱磷能力的影响。结果表明：w(Li2O)=15%时,渣系对钢液的脱磷效果理想,碱度在2．0－2．5范围内变化对脱磷能力影响不大,w(Fe2o3 MnO2)以不超过7％为宜。     

挤压轮表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-13％TiO2涂层组织和性能分析

在挤压轮表面,用等离子技术喷涂Al2O3-13％TiO2涂层.利用XRD、SEM和EDS等技术对Al2O3-13％TiO2涂层微观组织、形貌和物相成分进行表征,运用维氏显微硬度计对基体和涂层的显微硬度进行了测试,用高温摩擦磨损试验机对Al2O3-13％TiO2涂层的耐磨损性能进行了评价.结果表明,Al2O3-13％TiO2涂层中γ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3共存,以γ-Al2O3为主,涂层表面有Al2O3白色颗粒存在,涂层致密度较好,其表面显微硬度为975HV,耐磨损性能要明显优于H13钢,有效的提高了挤压轮的使用寿命.     

Formation of CaO-TiO2-MgO-Al2O3 dual phase inclusion in Ti stabilized stainless steel

The formation of CaO-TiO2-MgO-Al2O3 dual phase inclusion in 321 stainless steel was investigated in the laboratory. The result indicated that the condition for the formation of CaO-TiO2-MgO-Al2O3 in 321 steel is [Ca]〉0.001wt%, [Ti]〉0.1wt%, and [A1]〉0.01wt%. The mechanism is the following： Al2O3 inclusion turns into CaO-Al2O3 after Ca-Si wire is fed into the molten steel; [Mg] is then obtained by reducing MgO in slag or crucible wall by [Al] and [Ti]; finally CaO-Al2O3 inclusion is changed into CaO-TiO2-MgO-Al2O3 by the reaction with [Mg], [Ti], and [O] in the molten steel simultaneously.     

Dissolution of Al2TiO5 inclusions in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags at 1823 K

Al-Ti-O inclusions always clog submerged nozzles in Ti-bearing Al-killed steel.A typical synthesized Al2TiO5 inclusion was immersed in a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 molten slag for different durations at 1823 K.The Al2TiO5 dissolution paths and mechanism were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).Decreased amounts of Ti and Al and increased amounts of Si and Ca at the dissolution boundary prove that inclusion dissolution and slag penetration simultaneously occur.SiO2 diffuses or penetrates the inclusion more quickly than CaO,as indicated by the w(CaO)/w(SiO2) value in the reaction region.A liquid product (containing 0.7-1.2w(CaO)/w(SiO2),15wt％-20wt％ Al2O3,and 5wt％ -15wt％ TiO2) forms on the inclusion surface when Al2TiO5 is dissolved in the slag.Al2TiO5 initially dissolves faster than the diffusion rate of the liquid product toward the bulk slag.With increasing reaction time,the boundary reaches its largest distance,the Al2TiO5 dissolution rate equals the liquid product diffusion rate,and the dissolution process remains stable until the inclusion is completely dissolved.     

LD-BAr-CC工艺生产低碳铝镇静钢纯净度研究

研究武汉钢铁股份有限公司炼钢总厂四分厂LD-BAr-CC工艺条件下生产的低碳铝镇静钢的纯净度,分析各工艺阶段钢中显微夹杂、大型夹杂以及全氧、氮含量的变化情况。结果表明,在该厂现行工艺条件下,采用吹氩工艺可明显降低钢中夹杂物含量和全氧含量,全氧含量从精炼前的109.30×10-6降至30.75×10-6。各工序中钢的显微夹杂物主要为Al2O3和SiO2,这是脱氧产物和钢液二次氧化产物在钢中的残留物;大型夹杂物主要是Al2O3、SiO2以及硅铝酸盐等复合夹杂,与浮渣的卷入有很大关系。     

开发应用钢包渣还原处理技术提高钢的纯净度

通过对钢水二次氧化的分析,揭示了钢包渣对钢水二次氧化的主要作用.钢包渣还原处理技术的开发及应用,为降低钢水氧含量、降低板坯夹杂物进而提高产品质量起到了重要作用,同时促进了钢水进一步脱硫.     

Experimental Research for Refractories Used in High-Turbulent-Mixer (HTM)-Reactor

The high turbulent mixer (HTM) process is benefit for improving the quality of iron and steel, but the refractory of the reactor is easy to be eroded by slag and liquid metal at high temperature. Especially for the violent mixing in HTM, refractory can also be im- pacted by molten metal (iron or steel), so it is very important to study and find out new refractory to meet the demand of HTM. Suitable refractory not only can stand the eroding of slag and liquid metal, but also can reduce the loss of electromagnetic energy. According to the experimental results, the influence of different refractory on electromagnetic force is unconspicuous, the refractory with Al,O,-base is better than that with MgO-base for standing the erosion by slag and iron. Al,O,-base refractory is more suitable for HTM process.     

含BaO,Na2O渣系渣钢间硫平衡研究

在钼丝炉上进行了含BaO,Na2O精炼渣系渣钢间流平衡实验。研究 结果表明,在传统精炼渣系中加入BaO,能够提高渣系的硫容量,Na2O对渣系的硫容量也有很大的影响,但稳定性不好。     

用等离子体促进渣─金属液间的反应

分析了等离子体的冶金属性，简要报导了用等离子体强化钒在渣铁间的还原，及在等离子体条件下用V2O5代替钒铁对钢液进行还原合金化的研究结果，提出直接在钢包内进行还原合金化的可能性及前景．     

Kinetics of Nitrogen Removal from Molten Steel under Vacuum and Gas-Blowing Conditions

The kinetics of nitrogen removal from molten steel under vacuum and gas-blowing conditions has beenstudied during the VIM process. The experimental results indicated that vacuum affected the kinetics of nitrogenremoval in the range of 67-5 360 Pa. At 67 Pa, the rate of nitrogen removal is controlled by the liquid phase masstransfer of nitrogen in molten steel. At 2 680Pa, the limited step for nitrogen removal from molten steel is the chemical reaction at the metal/gas interface. Under the present experimental conditions, the type (Ar, CO, CO2) and quantity of gas flowed have no evident influences on the rate of nitrogen removal. The ratio of nitrogen removal of gasbubbles is less than 3 %. Based on the experimental results, the mechanism of nitrogen removal during the VDprocess with argon blowing and the other melting or secondary refining processes with carbon-oxygen reaction havebeen discussed. Some new viewpoints are proposed.