Convergence speed in multi‐objective metaheuristics: Efficiency criteria and empirical study

Solving optimization problems using a reduced number of objective function evaluations is an open issue in the design of multi‐objective optimization metaheuristics. The usual approach to analyze the behavior of such techniques is to choose a benchmark of known problems, to perform a predetermined number of function evaluations, and then, apply a set of performance indicators in order to assess the quality of the solutions obtained. However, this sort of methodology does not provide any insights of the efficiency of each algorithm. Here, efficiency is defined as the effort required by a multi‐objective metaheuristic to obtain a set of non‐dominated solutions that is satisfactory to the user, according to some pre‐defined criterion. Indeed, the type of solutions of interest to the user may vary depending on the specific characteristics of the problem being solved. In this paper, the convergence speed of seven state‐of‐the‐art multi‐objective metaheuristics is analyzed, according to three pre‐defined efficiency criteria. Our empirical study shows that SMPSO (based on a particle swarm optimizer) is found to be the best overall algorithm on the test problems adopted when considering the three efficiency criteria. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

输电线路金具出口产品的分类包装设计

目的研究出口产品的包装设计方法,确保输电线路金具出口产品安全抵达目的地。方法利用分类包装设计的方法,先对出口输电线路金具产品按品种、材质、质量、尺寸等因素分类,按类别的不同特点有针对性地进行包装设计。具体类别的包装设计过程中,利用CAD等绘图软件进行模拟排布试装,确定包装件外形尺寸。结果通过对输电线路金具进行分类包装设计和模拟排布试装,针对不同品种设计出了合理的产品外包装,出口产品安全抵达了目的地,节省了包装成本。结论对于输电线路金具产品的包装设计,分类包装设计和模拟排布试装方法切实可行。     

基于结构与功能可变的纸包装容器可持续 设计方法解析

纸包装的结构可变性是利用包装的预设结构进行变形设计,使包装件具有使用后再利用功能的设计方法。在总结预粘贴、预折叠和预模切等基本设计方法的基础上,提出了可实现功能结构可变性的主要设计方向,包括包装产品一体化、包装变形通用化和包装娱乐文创化,为纸包装容器的结构可持续设计研究提供有益的设计参考和发展思路。     

基于推论式感性工学的汽车前脸造型设计研究

目的为了满足消费者对汽车前脸造型设计的情感意象需求,提出了基于推论式感性工学的汽车前脸造型优化设计方法。方法首先对消费者群体进行定位,其次收集并筛选感性词汇和造型样本,然后分解设计要素,建立语义差异轴,最后分析感性词汇与汽车前脸造型设计要素的映射关系,指导汽车前脸造型设计。结论得到了一款符合消费群体满意的紧凑型汽车前脸造型。将推论式感性工学应用到汽车前脸造型设计中,有利于提升消费者对设计产品的满意度。     

智能材料工艺与结构中的先进传感器的发展

建立复合材料成型过程的智能化在线监控系统,有效地调整生产工艺,科学设计和优化生产工艺,可以有效地提高生产质量,降低生产成本。除生产工艺智能化外,还需建立材料结构的智能化体系,从复合材料固化成型、材料生产到材料应用整个过程均实现智能化,将开辟材料科学研究的新途径。建立智能材料工艺与结构体系需要先进的性能优良的传感器,本文以智能材料体系为背景阐述了各种传感器技术性能及发展方向。     

Empirically determining the sample size for large-scale gene network inference algorithms

The performance of genome-wide gene regulatory network inference algorithms depends on the sample size. It is generally considered that the larger the sample size, the better the gene network inference performance. Nevertheless, there is not adequate information on determining the sample size for optimal performance. In this study, the author systematically demonstrates the effect of sample size on information-theory-based gene network inference algorithms with an ensemble approach. The empirical results showed that the inference performances of the considered algorithms tend to converge after a particular sample size region. As a specific example, the sample size region around ?64 is sufficient to obtain the most of the inference performance with respect to precision using the representative algorithm C3NET on the synthetic steady-state data sets of Escherichia coli and also time-series data set of a homo sapiens subnetworks. The author verified the convergence result on a large, real data set of E. coli as well. The results give evidence to biologists to better design experiments to infer gene networks. Further, the effect of cutoff on inference performances over various sample sizes is considered. [Includes supplementary material].     

基于KANO模型的产后塑形产品情感化研究

目的 产后塑形关乎产后女性生理和心理方面的健康,影响着适龄女性的生育意愿。旨在探索一种分析、分类、排序用户情感需求的设计方法,并指导产后塑形产品的设计实践,以有效解决产后女性生理和心理健康方面的问题。方法 首先在充分调研产后女性情感需求的基础上,从情感化设计理论中本能、行为、反思三个层次分析建立产后塑形产品的用户情感需求模型;其次利用KANO模型对所建立的情感需求模型进行数据校验和功能排序,并根据分析结果进行产品模型设计;最后通过李克特5点量表对设计效果进行检验。结论 以情感化-KANO模型来分析、分类、排序用户情感需求的设计方法,能够准确快速地发现用户真实情感需求,为产后塑形产品的设计提供方向指引和数据支撑。     

纸材与设计

纸作为我国古代的四大发展之一，从其产生、发展的进程来看，已涵盖了人类社会文明发展的全过程，成为人类生活所不可少的一部分，从原始的手工艺时代到今天的数字化、信息时代，纸的使用已经有了一段光辉灿烂、且丰富长久的历史，然而随着新的时代的到来，新的构思和观念的不断产生，纸的使用在21世纪的今天，已赋予了新的内涵－－即纸材的设计时代。     

Complicating the ‘logic of design’

A ‘logic of design’ was outlined by March in 1976. Since then it has gained wide acceptance among designers and recently has been used in several knowledge-based systems of design. This paper makes a suggestion for extending the model by taking into consideration the logical nature of the laws in the argument form. This focus on the logical nature of laws brings out interesting and subtle differences in the inference process which are lost in the current analysis. It also results in some interesting complications. It means that it is no longer adequate to talk of the three phases of design — performance prediction, knowledge acquisition, and design generation — in the simple categories of deduction, induction and abduction, respectively. In particular, it means that performance prediction is not necessarily (or even usually) a deductive inference.     

面向青年群体的非遗数字化体验需求研究

目的 以安徽花鼓灯非遗文化为例,对青年群体的数字体验需求进行梳理,以便精准锁定用户需求,推动非遗文化在青年群体中的数字化传播。方法 从用户研究角度出发,采用KANO模型和KJ法,筛选、梳理青年群体数字化体验需求的不同层级和优先级。结果 分析得出青年群体在视觉体验、功能体验和知识反馈三大维度的数字化体验需求偏好,并针对其偏好提出对应的设计策略和设计方案。结论对三种不同设计维度中的10项设计属性进行优先级排序,获得青年群体在数字化体验中最为认可的偏好需求,为后续的数字化体验服务建设提供科学的理论指导。也为其他非遗文化在青年群体中的数字化传播提供了一定理论参考。