碳纤维／玻璃纤维混杂复合材料性能研究

以玻璃纤维毡和玻璃纤维布为夹芯材料、碳纤维为表层材料，制备了混杂纤维增强复合材料，测试了在不同碳纤维含量和不同碳纤维辅层方向时增强复合材料的纵向拉伸强度 和冲击强度等力学性能。结果表明：该杂方式经济且有效。     

苎麻纤维/玻璃纤维混杂增强不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学性能研究

采用真空辅助成型技术(VARI)制备不饱和聚酯为基体的苎麻/玻璃纤维混杂增强复合材料。通过改变层间混杂的铺层方式以及改变两种纤维的相对含量对比其力学性能,从而得到以上两种因素对力学性能的影响方式。结果表明,在相同的混杂比下,层间夹芯混杂(玻璃纤维在壳层,苎麻纤维在芯层)铺层的力学性能优于层间夹芯混杂(玻璃纤维在芯层,苎麻纤维在壳层)铺层,而层间交替混杂铺层的力学性能介于两者之间;在相同的铺层方式下,苎麻纤维相对含量与复合材料力学性能存在负相关关系,其中与拉伸性能呈现线性(一次函数)关系,与弯曲性能呈现三次函数关系。     

混杂纤维轻骨料混凝土力学性能试验研究

本试验研究了玻璃纤维和聚丙烯纤维单一掺入以及混合掺入时对轻骨料混凝土力学性能的影响.结果表明,玻璃纤维对轻骨料混凝土坍落度的影响要大于聚丙烯纤维的影响,并且玻璃纤维对轻骨料混凝土强度提高效果要优于聚丙烯纤维,当混合掺入0.6 kg/m3的玻璃纤维和0.6 kg/m3的聚丙烯纤维时,立方体抗压强度值最高.这两种纤维混杂后,聚丙烯纤维成为影响其混杂效应的最主要因素.在聚丙烯纤维掺量在不大于0.9 kg/m3时,混杂纤维轻混凝土体现出良好的正混杂效应.     

不同增强方式下泡沫夹芯复合材料三点弯曲性能研究

研究了缝合及加强筋增强方式下泡沫夹芯复合材料的三点弯曲性能.采用万能试验机分别进行了缝合与未缝合碳纤维、玻璃纤维、玻碳混杂纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料的三点弯曲实验,分别得出各自的载荷-挠度曲线,再引入加强筋的方式进一步研究缝合碳纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料的弯曲性能.结果表明,玻碳混杂纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料较玻璃纤维泡沫夹心复合材料性...     

CF/GF层间混杂增强缝合泡沫夹芯复合材料低速冲击性能试验研究

研究了碳纤维(CF)与玻璃纤维(GF)层间混杂增强环氧树脂缝合泡沫夹芯复合材料的冲击性能。采用落锤冲击试验机对缝合碳纤维、玻璃纤维和玻碳层间混杂纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料板进行了冲击试验,得出了锤头接触力和位移随时间变化的曲线。通过显微拍照和超声波检测技术对冲击后的复合材料板进行了损伤检测,得出夹芯复合材料板内外部损伤情况。结果表明:碳纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料板的锤头最大冲击力最大,而接触时间最短;玻璃纤维的锤头最大冲击力最小,而接触时间最长;玻碳混杂纤维最大冲击力和接触时间居中。碳纤维冲击后表现为脆性破坏,玻璃纤维的加入改善了碳纤维的韧性。     

热塑性树脂浸渍黄麻纤维毡的研究

研究了热塑性树脂PP(聚丙烯)浸渍黄麻纤维毡的速率及相关因素,以解决天然纤维毡增强热塑性复合材料中连续熔融浸渍,考察了浸渍速率、温度等参数对其加工成型及力学性能的影响.用改装的毛细管流变仪作为实验装置,以一维Darcy定律处理实验数据,研究了压力对毡体空隙率以及熔体粘度对浸渍速率的影响.结果显示,相同的压力下,浸渍速率和熔体粘度成反比,麻纤维毡的压缩空隙率都要高于玻璃纤维毡.通过对纤维毡体结构、可压缩性、纤维直径以及毡体渗透率进行对比,进一步讨论了纤维毡浸渍速率的影响因素.表明麻纤维平均直径远大于玻璃纤维,纤维堆叠产生的空隙明显大于玻璃纤维且在麻纤维毡中不存在玻璃纤维毡中的束内浸渍,麻毡的浸渍速率约为玻纤毡的3.5倍,平均渗透率K约为玻纤毡的14倍.运用毛细管模型计算了两种毡体的Kozeny常数,其值分别为2950和442.     

苎麻落麻纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料研究

本文对苯麻落麻纤维增强聚丙烯（PP）复合材料注射成型过程中苎麻落麻纤维的分散问题和制品的复合工艺进行了研究,用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察了落麻纤维／PP的断面形貌：将纯PP,苎麻落麻纤维增强PP,玻璃纤维增强PP等复合材料的性能进行了比较。     

玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯在压缩模塑流动过程中的纤维分布

通过测定玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯经挤压流动后不同区域的纤维含量,研究了基体树脂,增强材料的结构与性质,坯料设计,模具温度及坯料的预热温度等对玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯在压缩模塑流动过程中纤维发布的影响。结果表明,适当提高基体的粘度及采用多层坯料叠层的坯料设计方法,有利于制品内纤维的均匀分布;针刺密度适当的连续针刺毡及由短切纤维组成的复合针刺毡与聚丙烯形成的复合材料（GMT0,在压缩模塑的流动过程中纤维分布的均匀性较好,随着针刺密度的增加,纤维分布的均匀性下降;用粘结剂粘结而成的连续原丝毡与聚丙烯复合得到的GMT材料,纤维分布的均匀性较差,经适当针刺以后,纤维分布的均匀性得到一定程度的改善,过低的模具温度及坯料预热温度,会引起材料充模流动能力下降,但模具温度及坯料预热温度过高时,流动前沿区域的树脂富集现象将加剧。     

玄武岩-粗聚丙烯纤维干硬性混凝土拉压性能试验研究

混杂纤维增强干硬性混凝土在国内外已有广泛的应用,纤维配比是影响其拉压性能的主要因素之一。为研究玄武岩纤维与粗聚丙烯纤维配比对干硬性混凝土拉压性能的影响,将玄武岩纤维与粗聚丙烯纤维单掺或按不同比例混合掺入干硬性混凝土中,开展不同养护龄期下纤维混凝土的抗压、劈裂抗拉试验,分析纤维混杂增强效应,并基于成熟度理论修正养护龄期,优化玄武岩-粗聚丙烯纤维干硬性混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度预测模型。结果表明:玄武岩纤维与粗聚丙烯纤维的掺入不仅提升了干硬性混凝土抗压、劈裂抗拉性能,而且纤维的桥接作用能明显改善混凝土的脆性破坏特征,其中玄武岩纤维与粗聚丙烯纤维混掺配比为1 ∶2(质量比)时最为明显,表现出了最优的纤维混杂正效应。根据等效龄期-抗压强度关系式计算得到的混凝土抗压强度与劈裂抗拉强度具有更好的幂函数关系,该模型便于计算及预测不同养护温度条件下玄武岩-粗聚丙烯纤维干硬性混凝土的拉压性能。     

混杂效应对混杂纤维混凝土力学性能的影响

讨论了玄武岩纤维与聚丙烯纤维的"纤维混杂效应"对混凝土基体力学性能的影响。结果表明,玄武岩-聚丙烯混杂纤维混凝土(B-P HFRC)的劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度明显高于玄武岩纤维混凝土(B FRC)和聚丙烯纤维混凝土(P FRC)。提出了"纤维混杂效应函数"的概念,利用MATLAB数据拟合的方法求得了玄武岩-聚丙烯纤维混杂效应函数,对其求极值获得了玄武岩-聚丙烯混杂纤维对混凝土力学性能改善最佳的体积掺加率。     

玻纤增强PP热塑性片材的制备及力学性能研究

采用熔融浸渍法制备了玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯（PP）热塑性复合片材；通过在PP中加入复合改性PP改善了基体与增强纤维间的相容性；考察了相容剂、PP种类及玻纤毡种类对复合片材的影响。结果表明，相容剂的加入可使复合片材的拉伸强度提高29％、拉伸模量提高23％、弯曲强度提高42％、弯曲模量提高25％；高熔体质量流动速率PP可使片材的弯曲与冲击性能进一步改善。连续玻纤毡和长玻纤毡增强PP复合片材，前者综合力学性能良好，而后者则冲击强度较弱、弯曲性能加强。     

玻纤增强尼龙6的挤出工艺及力学性能

采用长玻纤连续添加和短切玻纤制备了玻纤增强尼龙6(PA6)复合材料。主要考察了玻纤含量、玻纤种类以及挤出工艺条件对复合材料力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的冲击断面和拉伸断面及玻纤形态进行了观察。结果表明,采用短切玻纤加入时,玻纤含量对GF/PA6复合材料的力学性能影响很大。随玻纤含量的增加,复合材料的力学性能越来越高,断裂伸长率变低。加工工艺参数对复合材料的力学性能有影响。采用长玻纤连续添加时,玻纤的添加位置对复合材料的性能影响不大。在玻纤含量相同时,采用长玻纤连续添加得到的材料力学性能明显优于采用短切玻纤时的性能。玻纤能均匀地分散在PA6基体中,玻纤的保留长度和长度分布对复合材料的性能有直接影响。     

剑麻纤维与玻纤混杂增强PVC复合材料的性能研究

本文介绍采用短麻纤维(SF)和短玻纤(GF)混杂增强PVC基体,测定了复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、无缺口冲击强度以及耐水浸泡性能,并探讨了这一复合材料在水浸泡前后的力学性能及其界面行为.结果表明,此种复合材料在弯曲模量和无缺口冲击强度上存在正的混杂效应,而弯曲强度存在负的混杂效应;经水浸泡后,复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲摸量和冲击强度都有不同程度的下降,而对于纯PVC基体,水浸泡后的弯曲强度和弯曲模量反而有所提高,因此可以认为,水浸泡对纯PVC基体在弯曲性能方面无不良影响,水分主要对纤维与基体的界面产生不良作用,导致复合材料性能下降.     

Processability of LCP‐nylon‐glass hybrid composites

A hybrid composite consisting of rubber toughened nylon 6,6, short glass fibers and thermotropic LCP was investigated by varying the content of LCP. It was found that a hybrid composite offered better processability over the glass fiber reinforced polymers alone. The total torque in melt mixing increased with short glass fiber addition but decreased with an increase in LCP content. The thermal stability of the glass fiber reinforced composite was improved by blending with LCP. However, a minimum of 15 wt% LCP was required to realize reinforcement effect from the hybrid composite. The fracture morphology was examined using SEM techniques. Some LCP fibrils could be observed on the tensile fracture surface.     

Impregnation of thermoplastic resin in jute fiber mat

Impregnation rate of thermoplastic resin (polypropylene) in jute fiber mat and influence of relative factors on impregnation were studied, aiming to develop the continuous melt impregnation technique and to investigate the effect of impregnation rate and temperature on processing conditions and mechanical properties of natural fiber mat-reinforced thermoplastics. Influence of pressure on porosity of fiber mat and effect of melt viscosity on impregnation rate were also investigated. The modified capillary rheometer was used as apparatus and experimental data were analyzed based on the one-dimension Darcy’s law. Results showed that at a given pressure, the impregnation rate is inversely proportional to melt viscosity and jute fiber mat has higher porosity than glass fiber mat. The architecture, compressibility, permeability and fiber diameter of jute fiber mat were compared with those of glass fiber mat and their effects on impregnation were discussed further. It could be seen that the average diameter of jute fiber is much bigger; the porosity of jute fiber mat is significantly higher and inner bundle impregnation does not exist in jute fiber mat. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand why the impregnation rate in jute fiber mat is 3.5 times higher and permeability is 14 times greater. Kozeny constants of jute and glass fiber mats calculated based on the capillary model are 2950 and 442, respectively.     

玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料的发展概况

根据玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料的发展过程分别介绍了短纤维增强热塑性塑料、玻璃纤维毡增强热塑性塑料、玻璃纤维/热塑性塑料复合纤维、长纤维增强热塑性塑料和热塑性拉挤产品的制造方法、特性和应用。     

剑麻纤维/玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂复合材料的性能研究

采用剑麻纤维和玻璃纤维与酚醛树脂共混，制备纤维混杂复合材料；测定其弯曲强度、弯曲模量、无缺口冲击强度、电性能以及耐水浸泡性能；借助扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料的形态结构，并进行理论分析。初步探讨了复合材料的界面行为。结果表明，复合材料在力学性能方面出现正的混杂效应，吸水性能大大降低，在电性能方面没有很大影响。     

Analysis of the Jute/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites using combined radial basis function method

In this paper, jute/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites plates have been prepared in the laboratory at different percentage of the jute and glass fibers. Jute has been taken in fabric form and short glass fiber has been distributed randomly. Tensile, flexural properties, and phase morphology were studied experimentally at different percentage of the jute and glass fibers. Deflection and damping behavior of the composites has been analyzed using meshless combined radial basis function method. Thermal analysis of the jute/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites at various temperature ranges has also been performed. Here, combined radial basis function is used for spatial discretization and Newmark implicit method is used for temporal discretization. The obtained results from this method are compared with analytical methods. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1890–1901, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Impregnation of thermoplastic resin in jute fiber mat

Impregnation rate of thermoplastic resin (polypropylene) in jute fiber mat and influence of relative factors on impregnation were studied, aiming to develop the continuous melt impregnation technique and to investigate the effect of impregnation rate and temperature on processing conditions and mechanical properties of natural fiber mat-reinforced thermoplastics. Influence of pressure on porosity of fiber mat and effect of melt viscosity on impregnation rate were also investigated. The modified capillary rheometer was used as apparatus and experimental data were analyzed based on the one-dimension Darcy’s law. Results showed that at a given pressure, the impregnation rate is inversely proportional to melt viscosity and jute fiber mat has higher porosity than glass fiber mat. The architecture, compressibility, permeability and fiber diameter of jute fiber mat were compared with those of glass fiber mat and their effects on impregnation were discussed further. It could be seen that the average diameter of jute fiber is much bigger; the porosity of jute fiber mat is significantly higher and inner bundle impregnation does not exist in jute fiber mat. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand why the impregnation rate in jute fiber mat is 3.5 times higher and permeability is 14 times greater. Kozeny constants of jute and glass fiber mats calculated based on the capillary model are 2950 and 442, respectively. __________ Translated from Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2007, 21(4): 586–591 [译自: 高校化学工程学报]