The Role of Calcium in Microstructural Refinement of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The effect of calcium addition on the microstructures of AZ91 magnesium alloy was investigated. It was found that a small amount of calcium in AZ91 allay produced a large decrease in the α- Mg grain size and the dispersed fine β-Mgt7 Alt2 phases. In addition, some Al4Ca particles were found to exist in the AZ91 alloy containing 0.5wt% Ca. EDS analysis and water-quenched technique revealed that the grain-refining mechanism of calcium for the AZ91 alloys was mainly attributed to the role of restricting growth of calcium in the primary α-Mg crystals.     

Refinement role of electromagnetic stirring and calcium in AZ91 magnesium alloy

Effects of calcium addition and electromagnetic stirring on the microstructure of AZ91 magnesium alloy and refinement mechanism were investigated. The results show that calcium addition ranging from 0.1wt% to 0.3 wt% does not lead to formation of any new phases but cause the refinement of ascast microstructure.However, combined calcium alloying and electromagnetic stirring significantly decrease the grain size, change the morphologies of the β-Mg17Al12 phases,and reduce their volume percentage. The minimum grain size of AZ91 alloy is obtained in the case of the addition of 0.2 wt%Ca with exciting voltage of 100 V. The microstructural refinement is attributed to the increase of the degree of undercooling and nucleation temperature of primary α-Mg phases on the basis of DTA analysis results.     

Effect of RE on the ignition-proof, microstructure and properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy

The magnesium alloy is prone to burn during die-casting, which limits its applications severely, so the effect of adding rare earth （RE） on the ignition-proof of AZ91D Mg alloy is studied. The results indicate that the addition of mischmetal RE elements has a remarkable influence on the ignition-proof property of the magnesium alloy. It is found that the ignition temperature of the magnesium alloy can be greatly raised by adding a proper amount of RE. When the amount is 0.1wt%, the ignition temperature reaches 877℃ which is 206℃ higher than that of AZ91D without RE and the mechanical properties of the alloy are also improved, However, the amount of RE must be properly controlled because too much RE would induce grain coarsening and reduce the mechanical properties.     

Effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy AZ91D

The effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of Magnesium alloy AZ91D alloy were studied.The different proportion of rare earth elements was added to the AZ91D and the tensile tests were carried out at different temperatures.The experimental results show that at room temperature or at 120℃ the AZ91D‘s decrease with the increasing amount of the rare earth elements.however,the ductility is improved.The influence of 0.14%Sb(mass fraction)on the AZ91D‘s strength is like that of rare earth elements(0.2%-0.4%)(mass fraction).Microstructure graphs demonstrate that appropriate amount of rare earth elements (0.1%-0.2%) can fine AZ91D‘s grain and improve its ductility.     

硅烷膜固化方式对AZ91镁合金耐蚀性的影响

为了改善AZ91镁合金的耐蚀性,采用包括加热固化、碱液固化和微电水固化在内的3种不同固化方式制备了硅烷膜,并对其耐蚀性进行了研究.采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了试样的腐蚀形貌,并采用极化曲线分析了硅烷膜的耐蚀性.结果表明,经硅烷化处理后,AZ91镁合金表面可以形成一层硅烷膜,且很好地抑制了镁合金的腐蚀;对比3种不同固化方式后发现,碱液固化效果最佳,其次是加热固化,微电水固化效果虽不及前两者,但也有较好的效果.     

Influence of electromagnetic stirring on microstructure of AZ91-0.8%Ce magnesium alloy

1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, magnesium alloys have been used in the automobile industry to save fuel and lower emission levels, and about 60 different types of components of magnesium alloys have been applied in automobile parts, in which AZ91magnesium alloy (Mg-Al system) approximately accounts for 90%[1?4]. It is well known that grain size has very important effect on material properties. According to Hall-Petch equation, when grain size decreases, the mechanical properties such as…     

Microstructural formation of semi-solid AZ91D alloy stirred by electromagnetic field

With the help of an electromagnetic stirring device, alloy melt quenching and EBSD (electron back scatter diffraction)analysis technology, the microstructure of the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry stirred by rotational electromagnetic field under different stirring power conditions has been studied. The results show that the size of primary α-Mg phase is reduced obviously when the solidifying alloy melt is stirred by rotational electromagnetic field, moreover, the primary α-Mg grains are changed to fine rosette grains or spherical grains which are proved to belong to the different grains in three-dimension by the EBSD analysis technology. The results also show that the stirring power is an important processing parameter in the preparation of the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry. The larger the stirring power, the finer the primary α-Mg grains, the less the rosette primary α-Mg grains, and the more the spherical primary α-Mg grains. Theoretical analysis indicates that a stronger flow motion leads to a more even temperature field and solute field and a stronger man-made temperature fluctuation in the alloy melt so that the specially fine rosette and/or spherical primary α-Mg grains are formed in the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry.     

Surface nanocrystallization of magnesium alloy AZ91D by high-energy shot peening

High-energy shot peening (HESP), a method to produce severe plastic deformation by high velocity flying balls, was applied on die cast magnesium alloy AZ91D. Effects of surface nanocrystallization by HESP and heat treatment at different temperatures were investigated. The microstructure evolution was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM). The hardness was measured by microhardness tester. The experimental results show that surface nanocrystrallization of AZ91D obtained by HESP would lead to the increase of microhardness. Low temperature heated at 100 °C for 1 h do not change the property obviously. However, both the microstructure and microhardness vary greatly after heat treatment at 400 °C for 1 h. Funded by the National Ministry of Education (No.207095) and Beijing Key Laboratory for Corrosion Erosion and Surface Technology     

Galvanic corrosion behavior of die cast AZ91D magnesium alloy in chloride solution

The galvanic corrosion behavior of die cast AZ91D magnesium alloy coupled with H62 brass, 316L stainless steel, A3steel and LY12 aluminum alloy of different areas in 3.5% NaC1 solution was studied. The free corrosion potentials, galvanic potentials and currents of these galvanic couples were measured. The galvanic effects were determined by the mass loss and regression method using three points. The results show that: (1) In these four kinds of couples AZ91D acts as the anode, whose galvanic corrosion behavior is mainly controlled by the cathodic polarization; (2) The free corrosion potentials of these four kinds of couples change a liffle with time and cathodic/anodic area ratio (CAAR); (3) The galvanic potential of AZ91D/LY12 moves positively with the increase of time and CAAR; (4) The galvanic currents increase with CAAR, but there is difference in the current change between different couples; (5) The anodic dissolution rate of the magnesium alloy increases by 2-3 orders after being coupled with these four kinds of metals and the galvanic effects of these couples have such a relation as γH62＞γ316LS.S＞γLY12 ＞γA3.     

Ho对AZ91镁合金腐蚀行为的影响

采用重力铸造方法制备了3种Ho改性AZ91镁合金。通过腐蚀实验对改性合金的自腐蚀和电偶腐蚀行为进行了研究。结果表明,随着Ho含量的增加,改性合金的自腐蚀性能和电偶腐蚀性能逐步提高,当Ho的质量分数为1.10%和2.16%时,合金的耐蚀性能较佳。此外,阴极的特性对改性合金的腐蚀性能有明显影响,4种材料的阴极作用由弱到强依次为:铝硅合金,纯铝,45#钢和球墨铸铁。Ho通过抑制β相的阴极作用,增加自腐蚀电位,提高了合金的腐蚀性能。     

不锈钢丝增强AZ91镁合金复合材料的显微组织及其力学性能

采用渗流铸造法制备了体积分数约为40%、60%、80%的不锈钢丝增强AZ91镁合金复合材料.利用万能试验机对其进行压缩实验;并利用扫描电镜观察复合材料的显微组织以及压缩后的断口形貌.结果表明:不锈钢丝在AZ91镁合金基体中的分布随着其体积分数的增加逐步均匀;不锈钢丝与AZ91镁合金界面润湿性较好.压缩试验表明:复合材料的抗压强度较AZ91镁合金抗压强度明显提高,40%、60%、80%体积分数的复合材料断裂强度分别为371、387、553 MPa;随着不锈钢丝体积分数的增加,材料的破坏方式由剪切破坏转变为劈裂.     

稀土铈对AZ91镁合金表面腐蚀性能的影响

为解决镁合金表面处理工艺复杂、成本高且存在环境污染问题 ,采用气相扩渗法研究了稀土铈对AZ91镁合金表面的渗入及其耐腐蚀性能的影响 .结果表明 ,经过扩渗稀土铈表面处理的AZ91镁合金 ,腐蚀电阻增大近一倍 ,均匀腐蚀速率由 1.85 0mg/m2 ·s降为 0 .876mg/m2 ·s;腐蚀电位正移 ,同一电位下所对应的腐蚀电流密度明显降低 .利用X射线光电子能谱 (XPS)分析了经过扩渗稀土后AZ91镁合金表面的成分中 ,稀土铈是以化合态的形式存在于表层 ,渗入的稀土元素铈起到净化合金表面、微合金化的作用     

Analyses of Microarc Oxidation Coating Formed on AZ91D Alloy in Phosphate Electrolytes

This paper studied the appearance transition of microdischarges, the phase composition and the morphology evolution of the oxide film formed by microarc oxidation on AZ91D magnesium alloy. The appearance of microdischarges population experienced apparent changes in size, spatial density and color, which was related with the changes of the type and quantity of the disintegrated gas bubbles generated at the interface between the electrolyte and substrate. Correspondingly, the diameter of micropores together with net-like fine microcracks increased when a higher voltage was employed. The coating was composed of MgO, MgAl2O4 and there existed a fluoride-enriched zone of about 3-5μm at the film/substrate interface.     

AZ91D镁合金半固态加工技术研究进展

半固态加工技术包括半固态浆料或坯料的制备和成形工艺,已经广泛应用于镁合金的加工.AZ91D是镁合金半固态研究及工业应用中最成功的一种镁合金,文中介绍了半固态加工技术及其特点,综述了近年来AZ91D镁合金半固态加工技术的研究现状与进展,包括半固态镁合金的微观组织、成形工艺及其成形件的性能,指出了镁合金半固态加工技术存在的...     

Al-TiC对AZ91合金铸态组织的影响

利用EPMA、SEM和XRD等测试手段研究了铸造反应法制备的Al-10%TiC(质量分数,下同)中间合金对AZ91合金晶粒的细化作用。结果表明:晶粒尺寸随中间合金加入量的增加而减小,当加入量为0.5%时,-αMg晶粒的尺寸由基体合金的107μm降至48μm,降低幅度约为55%,而且β相由连续网状向断网状或粒状转变,弥散程度增加。α-Mg晶粒的细化机制可能为:原位TiCp可作为初生-αMg的异质晶核。此外,悬浮在熔体中的TiCp在结晶过程中被推移到固/液界面前沿的液相中,从而降低了初生-αMg相的生长速度,最终导致α晶粒的进一步细化。     

Sr Microalloying for Refining Grain Size of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy

The grain refining process of an AZ91D Mg alloy by Sr addition was studied and the heterogeneous nucleating particles of α-Mg were investigated by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA）. With 0.6 wt% Sr addition, the mean grain size of AZ91D alloy was refined from 235.4μm to 52.5 μm at the one-half radius of the ingot. The morphology of primary crystal changed from a sixford symmetrical shape to a petallike shape, Mg-Sr-Al-Fe-Mn heterogeneous nucleating particles were observed at the grain centers and Sr solute atoms presented segregation along the grain boundaries. Grain refinement was facilitated by both the Mg-Sr-Al- Fe-Mn nucleating particles and the Sr solute atoms, and the former played a dominate role in the process.     

基于固体培养基(SCM)的镁合金的微生物腐蚀

采用固体培养基贴片法研究了镁合金的微生物腐蚀行为。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、极化曲线研究了AZ91镁合金在无菌和有硫酸盐还原菌体系中的腐蚀行为。通过形貌对比及电化学分析发现,硫酸盐还原菌加速了镁合金的腐蚀。细菌影响下的腐蚀形貌的主要特征是点蚀。细菌的代谢过程所导致的电极的阴极去极化加速了镁合金的点蚀的形成和发展。     

T4处理后AZ91镁合金焊接接头组织演变规律

为了明确固溶(T4)处理工艺参数对AZ91镁合金焊接接头组织演变规律的影响,需要进行T4处理优化设计,确定最佳热处理工艺.热处理后分别采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和拉伸试验机对焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能进行分析.结果表明,T4处理可以改变接头的组织形态,影响第二相β-Mg17Al12的位置,增大晶粒尺寸,特别是粗晶区;较为合理的T4参数可以提高抗拉强度,提高塑性,降低硬度;AZ91镁合金固溶处理的最佳工艺条件为420℃×15 h,抗拉强度为274.28 MPa.     

Constitutive analysis of AZ31 magnesium alloy plate

The plastic deformation simulation of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different elevated temperatures (from 473 to 723 K) was performed on Gleeble-1500 thermal mechanical simulator at the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 s-1 and the maximum deformation degree of 80%. The relationship between the flow stress and deformation temperature as well as strain rate was analyzed. The materials parameters and the apparent activation energy were calculated. The constitutive relationship was established with a Zener-Holl...