基于铝基碳纳米管上均匀包覆纳米镍的正交试验工艺优化

以自制的铝箔上生长的碳纳米管为基体,以六水合硫酸镍浓度、硫脲浓度、温度以及电流密度为因子设计4因素4水平正交试验筛选碳纳米管电镀镍的最佳配方。通过SEM、TEM对碳纳米管电镀前后的微观形貌进行了表征。通过超声波清洗机振落铝箔上的碳纳米管,在酒精中测试碳纳米管包覆纳米镍前后的分散能力。结果表明,铝基碳纳米管上均匀包覆了一层纳米颗粒镍,镍颗粒的大小为10~100 nm,且电镀镍后碳纳米管在酒精中有良好的分散能力,表明碳纳米管表面已均匀包覆一层纳米镍。     

镍基纳米复合镀层的研究现状

镍基纳米复合镀层中由于复合纳米颗粒的特性而被广泛应用。就国内外镍基纳米复合镀层的研究现状进行了分析,对镍基纳米复合镀层的沉积机理、镀层结构特点、影响纳米颗粒与镍金属电沉积的主要工艺因素、镀层性能及应用进行了阐述。当前具有更优良硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、减摩性、催化功能和抗高温氧化性的镍基纳米复合镀层是行业的研究热点。对镍基纳米复合镀层的研究还属于初步阶段,理论研究还需进一步深入。     

最新专利

<正>一种定向排列碳纳米管复合纳米纤维、高速制备设备及其制备方法本发明涉及题述纤维的高速制备设备及其制备方法,可以高速制备碳纳米管均匀分散、沿纤维轴向定向排列的碳纳米管复合纳米纤维,使用所述的设备还可以制备添加其他纳米颗粒、颗粒分散均匀取向良好的纳米复合纤维,或者是对高粘度或冻胶形态的溶液作用制备纳米纤维。(CN 101003418A,2007-07-25)     

馆藏文献通报

2005001—橡胶纳米填料应用研究进展 橡胶纳米填料的应用研究发展迅速。已研究用于橡胶的纳米填料主要有纳米粘土、纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳酸钙、炭黑—白炭黑双相纳米填料、纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化铝、纳米四氧化三铁、纳米丙烯酸金属盐、碳纳米管和纳米级纤维。橡胶纳米填料目前主要用于补强和改善橡胶的力学性能，     

碳纳米管—一种新型纳米反应器

具有一维中空管结构的碳纳米管,可以用来填充各种物质。由于碳纳米管的限域作用,填充物在碳纳米管中具有新的结构和性质,其化学反应、相变等行为具有不同于常温常压状态下的特点。该文介绍了碳纳米管管内的化学反应的影响因素,反应类型和准高压效应,并总结出碳纳米管可作为一种新型纳米反应器合成不同材料,最后对这一领域的研究方向和应用进行了展望。     

碳纳米管/聚合物纳米复合纤维静电纺丝研究进展

简述了静电纺丝装置的发展及其基本原理;介绍了静电纺丝制备碳纳米管/聚合物纳米复合纤维的技术进展,主要技术是碳纳米管在聚合基体中的分散性以及二者之间的界面结合力;详述了碳纳米管/聚丙烯腈纳米复合纤维和碳纳米管/聚氧乙烯(PEO)纳米复合纤维的制备及技术进展。指出今后应进一步发挥碳纳米管的性能,改进静电纺丝装置。     

碳纳米管/聚脲纳米复合材料的制备和性能

提出了一种聚脲/碳纳米管纳米复合材料的分子设计以及制备方法。首先,采用混酸氧化处理得到羟基改性的碳纳米管。随后,利用原位聚合的方法合成了含有碳纳米管的端异氰酸根预聚物,其中碳纳米管通过表面羟基和异氰酸根的反应,以共价键形式连接到预聚物分子链中。最后,使用端氨基聚醚固化端异氰酸根预聚物,得到碳纳米管/聚脲纳米复合材料。结果发现随着碳纳米管含量的增加,碳纳米管/聚脲纳米复合材料的凝胶含量和拉伸强度均有显著提高。     

多壁碳纳米管/硫化铅纳米杂化材料

在经强酸氧化处理的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)上修饰以苯环为核心的聚(酰胺-胺)树枝状大分子,然后以树枝状大分子修饰的碳纳米管为模板,在碳纳米管表面原位沉积PbS纳米粒子。用XRD、SEM、TEM和TGA等手段对所得MWCNT/PbS纳米杂化材料进行表征。结果表明,利用这个方法能够使PbS纳米粒子均匀修饰在碳纳米管上,纳米粒子的平均尺寸为6.5 nm。采用开口z扫描技术研究MWCNT/PbS纳米杂化材料在1 064 nm处的非线性光学性质。MWCNT/PbS纳米杂化材料在1 064 nm处的光限幅性能优于未经修饰的碳纳米管。     

纳米聚氨酯弹性体研究进展

介绍了纳米改性聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)及其制备方法,并对纳米CaCO3、纳米蒙脱土、纳米SiO2、纳米TiO2、碳纳米管和其它纳米粒子改性PUE的研究发展情况进行了详细叙述.     

石墨烯/碳纳米管协同改性聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展

主要介绍了石墨烯和碳纳米管协同改性聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展,包括石墨烯与碳纳米管的协同作用,制备方法以及功能化方法。并对聚合物/石墨烯/碳纳米管纳米复合材料的制备方法,性能研究和应用现状进行了综述,最后提出了一些展望。     

不同衬底上ZnO:Al透明导电薄膜的性能

室温下,采用射频磁控溅射法在玻璃和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（polyethylene terephthalate,PET）上沉积了掺铝的氧化锌（ZnO：Al,AZO）透明导电薄膜。通过X射线衍射仪分析不同衬底上AZO薄膜的结构,采用四探针测试仪及紫外可见光分光光度计测试薄膜的光电性能。结果表明：沉积在两种衬底上的AZO薄膜都具有六方纤锌矿结构,最佳取向均为[002]方向;玻璃衬底和PET衬底上制备的AZO薄膜的方阻分别为19/sq和45/sq,薄膜透光率均高于90%。实验表明,柔性衬底透明导电氧化物薄膜可以代替硬质衬底透明导电薄膜使电子器件向小型化、轻便化方向发展。     

Mechanical behavior of YSZ coatings co-deposited with Al and Ag on AISI 316L via RF sputtering

This article presents nanohardness, coefficient of friction (COF), and wear of Yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings (YSZ) deposited on 316L steel substrates and co-deposited with Al and Ag. YSZ coatings were deposited via RF sputtering reactive phase technique. It is widely known that the RF sputtering technique produces stoichiometric coatings with high homogeneity and density. The average thickness of the coatings was 200 nm, and the X-ray diffraction study (XRD) showed the formation of alumina alpha (α-Al₂O₃) and metallic silver in the YSZ coatings deposited with Al and Ag, respectively. The mechanical properties were evaluated by means of nanoindentation, and the wear resistance was studied with pin-on-disk technique. The addition of Ag to the YSZ coatings led to decreased hardness, while the YSZ coatings deposited with Al presented an increased hardness. Finally, YSZ coatings deposited with aluminum and silver had the lowest friction coefficient, while Ag-YSZ coatings had a COF very similar to that obtained in YSZ coatings. The wear resistance test showed that YSZ coatings deposited with Al had lower volume loss compared to YSZ coatings deposited with Ag. The wear mechanism in the deposited coatings is analyzed.     

Influence of CaO<Subscript>2</Subscript> additives on the properties of Fe–WB-based composite lining deposited by centrifugal SHS on the inner surface of steel pipe

Influence of calcium peroxide (CaO₂) additives on the characteristics and properties of composite coatings deposited by centrifugal SHS was investigated. Microstructure and composition of deposited coatings were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, and mechanical testing. The additives of CaO₂ and Al were found to markedly improve the properties of deposited composite coatings. Under optimized conditions, the deposited coatings exhibited rather smooth surface, good adhesive strength, and reasonable micro-hardness.     

镀银碳纤维布的制备及其毫米波RCS特性

采用化学镀方法在碳纤维布表面沉积了金属银层.测量了利用优化工艺制得的镀银碳纤维布的表面电阻,并采用冷热循环法对镀层结合强度进行了测试,应用雷达散射截面(RCS)测试系统对同样尺寸的镀银碳纤维布及未改性碳纤维布的毫米波波段RCS值进行了测试.结果表明:得到的镀银碳纤维布镀覆均匀、金属光泽强,有较强的导电性能.镀银碳纤维布在毫米波波段的RCS值较未改性碳纤维布有很大增幅,且与理论值相近.     

Structural properties of amorphous carbon thin films deposited by LF (100 kHz), RF (13.56 MHz), and pulsed RF (13.56 MHz) plasma CVD

Amorphous carbon thin films were deposited by LF (100 kHz), RF (13.56 MHz), and pulsed RF (13.56 MHz) plasma CVD with DC self-bias voltage of?300 V and 50 mTorr on Si wafers at 15 ?C using a mixture of methane and hydrogen for comparing structural properties of the deposited films in an asymmetric plasma reactor. The surface morphologies of the deposited films were observed by Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The average roughness (Ra) analyzed by AFM data was 4.03, 1,84, 1.52 å at LF (100 kHz), RF (13.56 MHz), and pulsed RF (13.56 MHz) plasma, respectively. From these results, the films deposited by pulsed RF plasma have more smooth and dense surface compared with those deposited by LF (100 kHz), and RF (13.56 MHz) plasma. The ratios of I_D/I_G obtained from Raman data were 2.69, 0.76 and 0.44 at LF (100 kHz), RF (13.56 MHz), and pulsed RF (13.56 MHz) plasma, respectively. It is concluded that the film deposited by pulsed RF plasma has more diamond-like properties compared with that deposited by LF (100 kHz), and RF (13.56 MHz) plasma.     

Effects of Fabrication Conditions on the Crystallinity,Barium Deficiency,and Conductivity of BaZr0.8Y0.2O3–δ Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Yttrium‐doped barium zirconate (BZY) thin films were deposited on MgO and sapphire substrates using a pulsed‐laser deposition (PLD) method with varying deposition rates. The films deposited with a low deposition rate exhibited highly oriented microstructures with little grain boundaries. The electrical conductivities of these films were higher than those of the films, deposited with high deposition rates, which showed little‐oriented polycrystalline microstructure. While the films deposited on the MgO substrates had a stoichiometric composition, those deposited on the sapphire substrates had a high barium deficiency, which was possibly due to the differences in the crystal structure and large lattice mismatch between the sapphire substrate and the BZY film. The electrical conductivity of the highly oriented BZY film, grown on MgO substrate with a low deposition rate, showed little barium deficiency and the highest conductivity value that is higher than the typical conductivity of sintered pellets.     

Characterization of carbon nanolayers flash evaporated on PET and PTFE

Carbon nanolayers were prepared by flash evaporation of carbon filaments onto polyethyleneterephthalate and polytetrafluoroethylene substrates. The chemical composition of the deposited layers was determined using Raman, XPS, RBS and ERDA. Also the concentration of free radicals in the deposited layer was determined by EPR method. The thickness of the deposited carbon layer as a function of the deposition distance was determined by a scratch technique and AFM. Surface morphology of the samples was examined by AFM and nanointendation was used to determine microhardness and elasticity modulus and to perform scratch tests. The thickness of the deposited carbon layer decreases with increasing distance between the substrate and the filament. In addition to the dominant amorphous carbon fraction (a-C), various oxidized structures and hydrogen admixture in the deposited material were observed. The deposition of carbon leads to a significant decline of surface electrical resistance in comparison with pristine polymer, the change being a function of the deposition distance. The deposited carbon layer has semicrystalline character and it exhibits higher microhardness and elastic modulus than pristine polymer.     

Mechanical properties of isotropic pyrolytic carbon deposited in a tumbling bed

The relation between the coating conditions and mechanical properties of the isotropic pyrolytic carbons deposited in a tumbling bed have been investigated. At a constant total flow rate of mixed gases and a constant revolution rate of the reaction tube, pure and Si-alloyed pyrolytic carbons were deposited using a wide range of deposition conditions.The structures of the pyrolytic carbons were characterized by density and crystallite size. The mechanical properties (Young's modulus, fracture strength and strain energy to fracture) were measured by three point bend tests with a knife edge span of 0.35 in.In spite of similar density and crystallite size, all of the mechanical properties of pyrolytic carbons deposited in this process were lower than those of carbons deposited in a fluidized bed. These differences were caused by soot inclusions which had a non-load bearing character and behaved as cracks under load, which were not present in carbons deposited in a fluidized bed.By alloying silicon with the carbon, the number of soot inclusions was not changed, and the fracture strength increased linearly with the SiC content.     

Oxygen reduction on Au nanoparticle deposited boron-doped diamond films

Nanoparticle Au was deposited on as grown boron-doped diamond (BDD). The coverage and the morphology of the deposited Au particles were investigated by means of the linear sweep voltammeter and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From SEM, the gold electrodeposited randomly as small spherical particles with an average diameter of 60nm. The applications of the as grown BDD film deposited by Au for electrocatalytic reduction of the oxygen in acidic solution were investigated. The catalytic efficiency of the Au deposited as grown BDD with the coverage of 0.06 is near 20 times larger than that of polycrystalline gold. The mechanism of the highly electrocatalytic active was investigated by ac impedance and hydrodynamic voltammetric methods.     

机械镀锌层金相试样的制备技术

机械镀锌层的物理结构特征不同于热浸锌层及电镀锌层,其金相试样的制备是镀层组织、结构研究的关键。根据机械镀锌层的镀层特性,介绍了镀层金相试样制备过程中取样、镶嵌、磨制、抛光和化学侵蚀等关键操作,并指出了应注意的事项和操作要点。实践表明,采用本文提出的机械镀锌层金相制备方法,可快速制备高质量的金相试样。