气相色谱法测定γ-亚麻酸和二高γ-亚麻酸含量

建立了γ-亚麻酸和二高γ-亚麻酸含量测定的气相色谱面积归一化方法。γ-亚麻酸和二高γ-亚麻酸在样品处理和色谱条件上是完全一致的，仅是出峰时间上有差别，经精密度、重现性、回收率实验，γ-亚麻酸RSD分别为1．51％、1.89％和0．98％，二高γ-亚麻酸RSD分别为1．45％、1．15％和0．81％。相关性分析γ-值均达到极显著水平。用面积归一化法进行γ-亚麻酸和二高γ-亚麻酸含量测定能够达到简便、准确、快速、误差小的目的。     

用发酵法生产γ-亚麻酸

斯特奇生物化学品公司在其塞尔比工厂建成了一套发酵装置,从而为γ-亚麻酸提供了一个新的来源。迄今为止,γ-亚麻酸主要是从夜樱草种子提取,使用大量种子才能生产极少的γ-亚麻酸油,而且γ-亚麻酸含量仅8％。新装置     

城市垃圾理化指标的测定

针对发酵处理城市生活垃圾，加入降解纤维素的菌种以提高堆肥有机质的含量。对城市垃圾的一些理化指标进行了测定，为菌种的培养及选择和菌种的诱变及基因重组提供了详细的参数。对德阳城市垃圾进行测定并得出结论：水分为14－40％；pH值为8－9；总磷为0．05－0．2％；可溶性还原糖为0．6－1．4％；有机质为15－39％。     

N-丁基-3-甲酰胺基-4-甲基-6-羟基-2-吡啶酮的HPLC测定

研究了用高效液相色谱测定N－丁基－3－甲酰胺基－4－甲基－6－羟基－2－吡啶酮含量的方法，样品在ODS柱上分离，流动相为含0．2％四丁基氯化铵的甲醇－水体系，流速为1．0mL/min，紫外254nm检测，方法简便，快速，测定的变异系数为0．5％－0．9％。     

发酵法生产r— 亚麻酸的研究

通过反复实验筛选出了高产r-亚麻酸的菌种M90，M90发酵后，产生的r-亚麻酸，经气相色谱证明与国外报导一致，含量可达到13．7％。     

3—甲基—4—甲硫基苯酚的气相色谱分析

采用XE－60为固定液，磷酸三丁酯为内标物，气相色谱法测定3－甲基－4－4甲硫基苯酚的含量，具有简便，快速,准确度高等优点，方法的平均回收率为100．2％，标准偏差为0．17％。     

高含量2，4’-二羟基二苯砜的合成

以邻二氯苯为溶剂，苯酚、硫酸为原料，通过添加催化剂亚磷酸合成2，4＇-二羟基二苯砜（2，4＇-BPS），确定了较好工艺条件：n苯酯：n100%硫酸=2．2：1，亚磷酸16g，回流时间8．0h，2，4＇-BPS含量为47．42％，粗收率为70．0％，产品为白色的结晶。同时还研究了以较便宜二氯甲苯为溶剂合成2，4＇-BPS的工艺条件：n苯酚：n100％硫酸=2．2：1，不加催化剂，反应时间5．0h，二氯甲苯200g，2，4＇-BPS含量为42．21％，粗收率为91．7％，产品为浅粉色结晶。     

秸杆发酵工艺条件的优化

采用混合菌株对秸杆发酵进行了正交实验,对发酵工艺进行了优化,确定了较佳的发酵工艺条件,即尿素添加量0．5％、麦麸3％、KH2PO4和MgSO4分别为0．1％和0．15％。发酵液初始pH值为8．0,接种量为15％,发酵温度为30℃。     

自粉化硫铝酸盐水泥系列研究之一——自粉化水泥制备及其性能研究

采用工业原料和化学试剂分别配制成一系列自粉化硫铝酸盐水泥。结果表明：自粉化水泥主要组成矿物为C4A3^-S、C4AF、γ-C2S和β-C2S。其中C4A3^-S是自粉化水泥产生早期（28d）强度的主要组分；C4AF和β-C2S也参与水化反应，但它们的水化活性远不及C4A3^-S；γ-C2S在后期则具有一定的水硬性，它对水泥石的长期强度发展是有益的；熟料中C4A3^-S设计含量不低于45％，γ-C2S含量在20％左右，β-C2S含量在4％-28％，C4AF含量在5％～20％，烧成温度1300℃，所配制的水泥具有早强的特点，可达到硅酸盐水泥42．5R强度要求。且水泥凝结时间、安定性均正常；C2S中β-C2S向γ-C2S的转晶率达0．4以上即可达到熟料85％的粉化率，且此时自粉化水泥水硬性损失较为有限：自粉化水泥较未粉化水泥1～7d强度下降5％左右，28d强度下降8％左右。     

α—乙酰—γ—丁内酯合成工艺优化

以醋酸酯类为酰化剂，由γ－丁内酯（ＧＢＬ）和乙酸乙酯催化合成α－乙酰－γ－丁内酯（ＡＢＬ）。探讨了各因素对ＡＢＬ收率的影响，获得了最优工艺参数。其收率为８４．５２％，含量达８９．９３％。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997