界面掺杂FeMn对CoFe/CrPt交换偏置体系的影响

采用磁控溅射的方法制备了CoFe/CrPt钉扎的交换偏置体系,用外加磁场真空退火以获得钉扎场.通过把反铁磁的FeMn掺入到该钉扎体系中发现,约0.7nm厚度的FeMn掺入在CoFe/CrPt的界面时,可以使体系的钉扎场从原来的5.6×103A/m增加到1.55×104A/m,而体系的Blocking温度仍然可以达到600℃.     

磁控溅射法制备IrMn顶钉扎自旋阀研究

通过高真空直流磁控溅射的方法,在玻璃和硅上淀积了结构为Ta/NiFe/CoFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn/Ta的IrMn顶钉扎自旋阀薄膜。通过结构的改善和工艺条件的优化,自旋阀的磁电阻率达到9.12％,矫顽力为1.04×(10~3/4π)A/m。研究了Ta缓冲层厚度(小于6nm)对晶格结构和自旋阀性能的影响。结果表明,Ta为3nm时自旋阀磁电阻率最大,而矫顽力随着Ta厚度增大而减小。利用CoFe/Cu/CoFe SAF结构替换掉与IrMn相邻的CoFe被钉扎层,使交换偏置场从原来没有SAF的180×(10~3/4π)A/m上升到600×(10~3/4π)A/m左右,且交换偏置场随着SAF结构中两层CoFe的厚度差减小而增大。研究了RIE对自旋阀性能的影响,发现2min的RIE能使矫顽力减小33％,而磁电阻率几乎不受影响。     

柔性衬底上Ni_(81)Fe_(19)/Ni_(50)Mn_(50)双层膜交换偏置效应研究

目的:探究制备在聚酰亚胺PI柔性衬底上的Ni_(81)Fe_(19/)Ni_(50)Mn_(50)双层膜的交换偏置效应。方法:采用直流磁控溅射技术分别在硅片和PI衬底上制备Ni_(81)Fe_(19)/Ni_(50)Mn_(50)双层膜,经相同温度退火处理后使用振动样品磁强计测试样品的磁滞回线。结果:柔性衬底上生长的双层膜的交换偏置场大小基本等于硅衬底上生长的,但其矫顽力始终比硅衬底上的大;薄膜的交换偏置场和矫顽力随着铁磁层厚度增大呈线性减小,随着反铁磁层厚度增大呈先增大后减小最后稳定的趋势,柔性衬底上薄膜的交换偏置场和矫顽力还会随着测量温度的升高而下降直至消失。结论:Ni_(81)Fe_(19/)Ni_(50)Mn_(50)双层膜的交换偏置场和矫顽力会受到铁磁层厚度、反铁磁层厚度和测量温度的影响,其中矫顽力还会受到衬底类型的影响。     

CrPtMn顶钉扎自旋阀材料的交换耦合作用研究

反铁磁钉扎层和铁磁被钉扎层之间的交换耦合作用是高性能自旋阀材料研究中的一个关键因素。本工作研究了CrPtMn顶钉扎自旋阀材料中的交换耦合场(H_ex)与薄膜沉积条件以及退火处理之间的关系。研究表明: 沉积后的自旋阀材料中的H_ex大小与CrPtMn钉扎层的溅射工作气压关系不大, H_ex 约为7.96×10³ A/m。然而, 经过240℃退火2 h处理后, H_ex呈现出与CrPtMn沉积时的溅射工作气压相关的特性, 随着溅射工作气压的增加而增大。材料退火后的交换耦合场H_ex的温度特性良好, 室温下约为2.39×10⁴ A/m。Hex随着测试温度的升高而逐渐减小, 交换耦合场消失时的失效温度(blocking temperature)为315℃。     

磁控溅射法制备IrMn底钉扎自旋阀研究

采用高真空直流磁控溅射的方法,在玻璃衬底上制备了结构为Ta／buffer layer／IrMn／CoFe／Cu／CoFe／NiFe／Ta的IrMn底钉扎自旋阀。研究了NiFe和Cu作为缓冲层对自旋阀磁性能的影响,并对缓冲层厚度进行了参数优化,当缓冲层厚度为2nm时自旋阀各项性能达到最佳。研究了退火制度对底钉扎自旋阀性能的影响,得到了30000e强磁场下200℃保温1h为最佳处理条件。通过结构的改善和工艺的优化,得到的底钉扎自旋阀的磁电阻率8．51％,矫顽场为0．50e,交换偏置场超过8000e。最后对自旋阀的底钉扎和顶钉扎结构进行了比较。     

磁性薄膜材料中的交换耦合

介绍了在磁性薄膜材料中的交换耦合的研究进展。制备了铁磁/反铁磁/铁磁3层结构不同成分的薄膜。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等测试分析技术,系统研究了磁性多层薄膜的相组成、界面及微观结构等。利用超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)研究薄膜的磁、电性能和交换耦合。在Co/反铁磁/Fe结构中发现了非常明显的与温度相关的铁磁/反铁磁界面耦合与铁磁/铁磁层间耦合之间的竞争效应。含有不同铁磁层Fe、Co、Fe20Ni80的3层膜FM1/Cr2O3/FM2对交换耦合随温度的变化存在较强的影响,发现铁磁层的磁晶各向异性和跟Cr2O3接触的自旋非对称性反射系数体系的界面和层间耦合有很大的影响。铁磁层对FM/AFM的交换耦合强度的影响甚大,这种影响和铁磁层的各向异性的相关性要强于和铁磁层饱和磁化强度的相关性。通过面内预加场和场冷的方式,在易轴互相垂直的[Pt/Co]n/NiFe/NiO异质结中实现了交换偏置的4种状态,可等温调控偏置。研究了Co/NiO反点阵列和连续膜的交换偏置,与连续膜相比,纳米反点阵列既能增大偏置,也能减小偏置,具有更高的热稳定性。     

具有SAF结构的IrMn基自旋阀材料的磁场退火研究

用磁控溅射法制备了被钉扎层为反铁磁(SAF)结构(CoFe/Ru/CoFe)的IrMn基顶钉扎自旋阀材料, 分别采用HRTEM、AFM、XPS对材料的结构和成分进行表征。首先, 制备的自旋阀材料分别在200℃、245℃、255℃、265℃的真空条件(＜10^-5 Pa)下退火4 h, 发现经265℃退火, 自旋阀材料会发生明显的层间扩散, 从而引起磁电阻率的降低。在选择合适退火温度(245℃)的基础上, 研究了退火磁场对自旋阀材料磁电阻率的影响。在245℃的真空环境下, 沿着材料的钉扎方向分别施加大小为80、160、240、400、560 kA/m的磁场退火4 h。实验发现经过80和160 kA/m的磁场退火后, 材料的磁电阻率由退火前的8.80%分别下降到5.87%和6.31%; 经240 kA/m的磁场退火后材料的磁电阻率变为7.91%; 经400 kA/m的磁场退火后磁电阻率增大到9.89%; 经560 kA/m的磁场退火后磁电阻率进一步增大到10.79%, 比退火前增加了22.6%。     

硬磁/反铁磁交换耦合对反铁磁FeMn稳定性影响研究

采用磁控溅射方法在SiO2基体上制备了FePt/FeMn/NiFe/Ta多层膜样品,通过FeMn/NiFe双层膜交换偏置的变化研究了硬磁FePt不同磁化状态对反铁磁层FeMn的影响。实验表明,磁化了的L10相FePt能使FeMn在较薄的情况下(4.5nm)对NiFe产生比较强的交换偏置;而未被磁化的FePt对FeMn/NiFe交换偏置影响并不明显。认为更薄的反铁磁层对另外的铁磁层产生交换偏置是由于硬磁与反铁磁的界面交换耦合作用能增强反铁磁的稳定性。     

磁性材料交换偏置效应研究进展

磁性材料中交换偏置效应对自旋电子学的基础研究和应用发展起到了至关重要的作用,因此也成为无机非金属材料的研究中最为活跃的领域之一.由于交换偏置效应来源于铁磁/反铁磁界面处的交换耦合作用,所以相关的研究工作主要集中在铁磁/反铁磁双层膜体系;在一些基态为反铁磁的类钙钛矿锰氧化物中,由于存在相分离形成的铁磁团簇也观察到了交换偏置现象;此外,很多磁性材料纳米化后也出现了交换偏置效应.主要从这3方面介绍了在新材料体系中交换偏置效应的研究进展,以及交换偏置效应在自旋相关器件中的应用,提出了一些研究中面临的挑战并对发展方向作出展望.     

退火对IrMn基自旋阀结构和磁性能的影响

采用高真空直流磁控溅射的方法制备了结构为//Ta(5nm)/Co75Fe25(5nm)/Cu(2.5nm)/Co75Fe25(5nm)/ Ir20Mn80(12nm)/Ta(8nm)的顶钉扎自旋阀多层膜,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM) 和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了退火对自旋阀的结构及磁性能的影响.结果表明:退火使得IrMn(111)织构减弱,表面/界面粗糙度在低温退火后增大,而较高温度退火后减小;退火后交换偏置场和被钉扎层矫顽力减小,而自由层矫顽力增加;退火后自旋阀多层膜交换偏置场随样品在反向饱和场下停留时间的增加而不发生变化.     

Exchange-Coupled IrMn/CoFe Mulitlayers for RF-Integrated Inductors

The high-frequency characteristics of the RF integrated inductors with antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic (AF/F) multilayers (MLs) are studied. Each AF layer is 8-nm IrMn and F is Co₅₀Fe₅₀ with a 200-nm splitting into N = 1 to 5 repeats of MLs. This exchange coupled {IrMn/CoFe(d nm)}_N MLs are deposited on top of the two-port inductors with five-turn square spiral coils, a dimension of 100 mum times 100 mum and line/space of 5 mum/2 mum. The inductor surface and magnetic layer is separated by 1-mum-thick SiO₂. The enhancement of inductance (DeltaL) is 20% compared to an air-core of the same coil size. The resonance peak gradually shifted to a higher frequency with increasing N, and reached at a maximum of 4.3 GHz when N = 5. This is in good agreement with our magnetic data which revealed that the anisotropy field (H_k) and ferromagnetic resonance frequency (f_FMR) of {IrMn/CoFe(d nm)}_N MLs are increased with increasing N. The quality factor, Q is improved by 6.8% at 1.5 GHz for the {IrMn/CoFe(40 nm)}_N=5 integrated inductors compared to air-core inductors.     

Quasi-static and dynamic switching of exchange biased micron-sized TMR junctions

We study the quasi-static and dynamical switching of magnetic tunnel junction patterned in micron-sized cells with integrated field pulse line. The tunnel junctions are CoFe/AlO/CoFe with an exchange biasing layer of MnIr. Quasi-static characterizations have been used to determine anisotropy, coercive as well as exchange bias fields. Dynamic switching measurements are done by applying fast-rising magnetic field pulses (178 ps–10 ns) along the hard axis of the junction with a quasi-static easy-axis applied field. We identify the field conditions leading to no-switching, to direct-writing and to toggle switching. We identify these field conditions up to the precessional limit, and construct the experimental dynamical astroïd. The magnetization trajectories leading to direct-writing and to toggle switching are well described by macrospin simulations.     

立方体咪唑骨架衍生CoFe合金纳米粒子嵌入N-掺杂石墨化碳中用于锌空气电池放电反应（英文）

目前,贵金属铂被认为是性能最优异的氧还原催化剂,但是其昂贵的价格、有限的储量制约了其大规模应用,因此制备具有高催化活性和稳定性的过渡金属基催化剂迫在眉睫.在本工作中,我们构筑了一种CoFe合金纳米颗粒嵌入到N-掺杂石墨化碳纳米结构中的复合材料(CoFe/NC)作为氧还原催化剂.我们首先制备了ZIF-67纳米立方体,再利用离子交换法在其骨架中引入Fe2+形成CoFe-ZIF前驱体.通过在惰性气氛下煅烧得到CoFe/NC催化剂.由于钴、铁及氮掺杂的协同作用,CoFe/NC-0.2-900催化剂(在900°C下煅烧掺杂0.2 mmol硫酸亚铁的CoFe/NC)表现出优异的氧还原性能,尤其是极限电流密度(6.4 mA cm^-2)远高于Pt/C(5.1 mA cm^-2).采用CoFe/NC-0.2-900和NiFeP/NF(负载在泡沫镍上的NiFeP)分别作为放电和充电反应催化剂组装的可充电锌空气电池,与传统的Pt/C+RuO2/C催化剂组装的电池相比,具有较低的充放电电压差、较大的功率密度和更优异的循环稳定性.     

质子辐照对多层膜巨磁电阻结构磁性能的影响

研究了质子辐照对多层膜巨磁电阻结构磁性能的影响。利用5 MeV的不同辐照剂量和剂量率的质子对磁控溅射法制备的CoFe/(CoFe/Cu)₁₀/CoFe/Ta多层膜巨磁电阻结构进行辐照实验。XRD分析表明质子辐照没有改变CoFe/Cu的晶格结构。分析磁滞回线和磁电阻曲线得知在实验选取的辐照剂量范围内, 饱和磁化强度和本征电阻随着辐照剂量的增加而增加, 而矫顽场和磁电阻率随剂量的增加而减小。利用质子辐照对自旋相关散射、平均自由程的影响解释了本征电阻的变化, 并基于二流体模型对磁电阻率的变化进行了分析。由此得出, 多层膜巨磁电阻结构具有一定的抗辐照能力。     

Study of magnetization reversal by minor loops in IrMn/CoFe exchange-biased bilayers

We report a detailed investigation of the magnetization reversal by minor loops in Co75Fe25 (t) single layer and Ir22Mn78(10 nm)/CoFe(t) exchange-biased bilayers with different CoFe thicknesses. With increasing CoFe layer thickness in IrMn/CoFe bilayers, the magnetization reversal process shows a transition from the coherent rotation to the domain-wall motion, which is attributed to the competition among the antiferromagnetic domain wall energy, ferromagnetic domain wall energy, and the interface coupling between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic layers.     

新型锂离子电池负极材料COFe3Sb12

用高能球磨方法制备出CoFe3Sb12合金粉末,研究了电化学性能。结果表明,CoFe3Sb12中的活性元素Sb可以与锂离子发生可逆电化学反应,其嵌锂产物为Li3Sb。CoFe3Sb12电极在20mA/g的电流密度下第一次可逆容量为396mAh/g。在材料中加入原子分数为50％的石墨（化学计量式为CoFe3Sb12-C16)后,以100mA/g进行充放电时,第一次可逆容量为380mAh/g。电极的循环寿命性能优良。     

Nanoscale patterning of complex magnetic nanostructures by reduction with low-energy protons

Techniques that can produce patterns with nanoscale details on surfaces have a central role in the development of new electronic, optical and magnetic devices and systems. High-energy ion irradiation can produce nanoscale patterns on ferromagnetic films by destroying the structure of layers or interfaces, but this approach can damage the film and introduce unwanted defects. Moreover, ferromagnetic nanostructures that have been patterned by ion irradiation often interfere with unpatterned regions through exchange interactions, which results in a loss of control over magnetization switching. Here, we demonstrate that low-energy proton irradiation can pattern an array of 100-nm-wide single ferromagnetic domains by reducing [Co(3)O(4)/Pd](10) (a paramagnetic oxide) to produce [Co/Pd](10) (a ferromagnetic metal). Moreover, there are no exchange interactions in the final superlattice, and the ions have a minimal impact on the overall structure, so the interfaces between alternate layers of cobalt (which are 0.6?nm thick) and palladium (1.0?nm) remain intact. This allows the reduced [Co/Pd](10) superlattice to produce a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy that is stronger than that observed in the metallic [Co/Pd](10) superlattices we prepared for reference. We also demonstrate that our non-destructive approach can reduce CoFe(2)O(4) to metallic CoFe.     

核壳型CoFe_2O_4/TiO_2磁载纳米光催化剂制备及性能(英文)

采用化学共沉法和TiCl4水解法制备CoFe2O4磁粒子和核壳型CoFe2O4/TiO2光催化剂,在100℃烘干,350℃焙烧2 h,在紫外光源和太阳光照射下所制备的CoFe2O4/TiO2光催化剂显示出较高的甲基橙降解能力,利用外加磁场很容易将CoFe2O4/TiO2光催化剂和所处理的污水分离,并可循环使用.TEM和XRD分析结果表明:CoFe2O4粒径约为20nm,TiO2包覆的CoFe2O4粒子的粒径约为30～40nm,TiO2包覆层约为10～20nm.     

Cobalt Iron Hydroxide as a Precious Metal‐Free Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Efficient Overall Water Splitting

Highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts from inexpensive and earth‐abundant elements are emerging materials in the overall water splitting process. Herein, cobalt iron hydroxide nanosheets are directly deposited on nickel foam by a simple and rapid electrodeposition method. The cobalt iron hydroxide (CoFe/NF) nanosheets not only allow good exposure of the highly active surface area but also facilitate the mass and charge transport capability. As an anode, the CoFe/NF electrocatalyst displays excellent oxygen evolution reaction catalytic activity with an overpotential of 220 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^?2. As a cathode, it exhibits good performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction with an overpotential of 110 mV, reaching a current density of 10 mA cm^?2. When CoFe/NF electrodes are used as the anode and the cathode for water splitting, a low cell voltage of 1.64 V at 10 mA cm^?2 and excellent stability for 50 h are observed. The present work demonstrates a possible pathway to develop a highly active and durable substitute for noble metal electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.