基于SolidWorks和ADAMS的装车机械手运动仿真

针对当今水泥装载运输行业中存在的实际问题,开发设计一种结构简单、控制容易的自动袋装水泥装车机械手。利用三维建模软件SolidWorks建立装车机械手的实体模型,将模型导入仿真软件ADAMS环境中,并进一步的添加约束和驱动等,通过对该模型进行运动学仿真分析,得到关键构件的运动学参数,绘出构件的运动特性曲线,验证机构设计的合理性和可行性,为机械手的运动控制及机械结构的优化设计提供参考依据。     

热继电器热元件自动检测落料机

我厂研制成功的JR—861－1型热继电器热元件自动检测落料机是在多年生产热继电器经验的基础上，根据热元件落料电阻值无法控制、给调试工作带来极大困难等诸多因素，设计和制造的专用自动化工艺装备。它的研制成功无论是对热继电器生产厂家，还是对热元件材料生产厂家都具有实际意义。一、系统的组成及各部分功能该机主要由执行机构、检测机构及电桥三部分织成。图1所示为各部分示意图。1、执行机构的功能执行机沟由上、下剪刀、步进电机、机械手、拉料滑块、拉杆、电磁铁及丝杆等组成。其主要功能是剪料、拉料和夹料。2、检测机构的功能检…     

基于MCD平台的数控车床上下料机械手机电一体化概念设计与控制仿真

结合Teamcenter,在MCD平台上完成数控车床上下料机械手机电一体化概念设计与控制仿真,主要包括:需求分析、机械设计、自动化设计,并基于NX MCD平台,根据自动上下料机械手的的需求分析,完成功能的分解、机构的设计和重用、功能属性的定义,以及仿真序列的设定及PLC程序的生成,完成了自动上下料机械手的虚拟仿真的工作。实际应用体现了NX MCD平台具有多系统集成性高、概念建模及模拟仿真、可实现知识的重用等优势,打破了现有的机电一体化产品概念设计的模式,对企业设计方式的改革、加快企业的研发速度、增强部门之间的协同具有一定实际指导的意义。     

圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧座模具设计

对圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧座模具进行了研究和设计,介绍了圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧座模具加工工艺由落料、拉深、冲孔和翻边4道工序复合而成。详细分析了圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧座零件加工的工艺性和模具的结构。通过对模具结构的分析和研究,将复合模具中常用的落料与拉深复合、冲孔与翻边复合全部结合到一起,实现了落料、拉深、冲孔、翻边4道工序的复合,使得复合模在加工中取得了成功。     

在砂型铸造车间中采用操作器和机械手

在铸造车间安装使用操作器和机械手,能解决恶劣的作业环境问题;能够使许多工序简化。操作器可以用于浇注、震动落砂、打磨和浇冒口的热割。机械手可以用于制芯机的取芯、砂芯涂料和砂型下芯。此外,机械手还可以用于壳型造型、清理车间中的打磨及其它机械加工工作,压铸车间中铸件的浇注和取件亦可采用。文章较详细地介绍了瑞典一些铸造车间已经安装使用的操作器和机械手的情况。使用经验表明,操作器和机械手的使用,不仅提高了生产率,而且改进了工作条件。予料通过夹紧机构的改进及工具与抓具技术的发展,操作器和机械手的应用范围将会更加扩大。     

CPU散热片冲孔复合模具设计中的废屑处理

在CPU散热片冷冲压成形中,为节省材料,提高效率,设计了用机械手传送零件的连续模,取代了传统方法的连续模。在提高经济效益的同时也带来了一些问题,其中冲孔落料工序中的废屑处理尤为显著。本文探讨了冲孔落料模具的设计方法,有效解决了废屑处理的问题。不仅使成形可以顺利进行,还实现了省时节约的目的,对业内设计人员有一定的借鉴作用。     

汽车电源连接器弹簧卡模具设计

确定长、短弹簧卡3副单冲模冲制：1副冲槽、压腰形泡、落料；1副打弯；1副推弯成形。落料模实现了连续无废料冲裁，打弯考虑了材料的回弹变形，成形采用斜楔滑块机构。     

液压马达在开卷机上的应用

1　开卷机的组成和功能开卷校平剪切落料自动生产线是我厂近几年开发的产品 ,其中开卷机是该线的重要组成部分之一。开卷机的主要功能是支承并控制料卷的打开和回收。它由底座、左右立柱、主轴、离合器、制动器和安装在右立柱上的机械手等部分组成。左右立柱在液压缸的作用下可自动定心于中心位置。主轴上装有三爪楔形机构 ,液压驱动芯轴使三爪楔形机构上下运动 ,从而使主轴上的圆弧板膨胀或收缩 ,既满足不同内径的料卷的需求 ,又不致损伤卷材的内表面。左右立柱在液压缸的作用下可分开或接近 ,以适应不同宽度的卷料 ,并使卷料处于悬空状态…     

数控转塔冲床上下料助力机械手设计与分析

根据数控转塔冲床的特点以及生产现场实际,分析了助力机械手在数控转塔冲床板料上下料的应用,构建了板料抓取结构、助力机械手、数控转塔冲床的组成单元,设计了拆垛上料机机械本体的整体机构,并介绍了关键技术有限元分析和运动学分析。     

冲压模具中的挂台技术

在汽车板材加工的模具中，特别是落料冲孔复合模，打料杆机构逐步取消。当受到零件尺寸或形状限制时．难以布置弹簧和卸料／拉紧螺栓，零件的工艺将变得难以实现．设计一种简易可靠的机构来实现模具动作就十分必要了。目前，行业内用的较多的办法是挂台卸料机构．本文将对这种结构与传统结构进行对比。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.