挠性航天器姿态机动的自适应滑模控制

针对采用压电智能材料作为敏感器和作动器的挠性航天器姿态机动控制问题,提出一种复合控制策略.首先,基于挠性航天器的非线性动力学模型,采用自适应滑模控制技术设计了姿态机动控制器.其次,为了抑制挠性模态的振动,针对各低阶振动模态设计了正位置反馈(PPF)补偿器的反馈增益.仿真结果表明,该方法在保证挠性航天器完成姿态机动任务的同时,能有效抑制挠性附件的振动.     

柔性航天器的模态综合-混合坐标动力学建模

针对由中心体和柔性附件组成的柔性航天器，采用混合坐标法，通过伪坐标形式的拉格朗日方程，建立了全柔性航天器的混合坐标动力学方程。建模中采用模态综合理论的方法，由航天器结构的弹性正则模态和静变形模态组成的模态集表示结构变形，以便更有效的将结构变形的影响引入到航天器的动力学模型中。文中用由盒形中心体和两帆板组成的假想航天器系统为例，以此系统的有限元动力学模型为基准，比较了采用弹性正则模态和静变形模态的模态综合建模和单纯采用弹性正则模态的常规建模时得到的系统特征频率，表明引入了静变形模态以后，所得到的动力学模型能更好反映柔性航天器的动力学特性。     

带弹性附件的航天器的动力学与变结构控制

为了研究一类挠性航天器的动力学特性、姿态的稳定控制以及弹性附件振动的有效抑制问题，首先用拟坐标下的拉格朗日方法建立了中心刚体上铰接有给定数目弹性附件的航天器的准确动力学方程，然后在基于非线性和低阶模态的动力学模型基础上用变结构控制方法设计了系统的反馈控制律，使星体姿态和弹性附件的振动同时得到了有效控制。研究结果表明，这样一类系统的动力学方程为系数时变的非线性微分方程，弹性附件的低阶模态对主体的姿态运动起主要影响作用。基于非线性和低阶模态模型基础上的变结构控制律对这样一类系统具有良好的性能。     

Maneuver and vibration reduction of flexible spacecraft using sliding mode/command shaping technique

The current trend of spacecraft is to use large,complex, and light-weight space structures to achieveincreased functionality at a reduced lunch cost. Thisresults in these space structures being extremely flexibleand having lowfundamental vibration modes, and thesemodes are often excited during normal on-orbit opera-tions, such as attitude maneuvers, and so on, especial-ly, when the spacecraft attitude control system employson-off thrusters that produce discontinuous and nonlin-ear control actio…     

基于变结构/输入成形的航天器振动抑制方法

针对挠性航天器大角度姿态机动的振动抑制问题,提出了一种基于输出反馈变结构控制和输入成形振动抑制方法相结合的主动振动控制策略.首先,采用拉格朗日方法建立中心刚体上带有弹性附件的航天器的动力学模型.然后,在基于非线性和低阶模态的动力学模型基础上,考虑挠性结构模态不可测的情况,为了避免设计状态观测器及其引入的误差,在输出反馈变结构控制的基础上,给出了滑模存在条件以及仅利用输出信息的变结构控制器设计方法,使系统的状态轨迹达到滑动平面,并保证闭环系统渐近稳定;在此基础上,应用输入成形方法设计成形控制器来抑制该系统的振动,使得航天器星体姿态和挠性附件的振动同时得到了有效的控制.该成形控制器的设计仅需闭环系统的振动频率和阻尼.将该方法应用于单轴挠性航天器的大角度rest-to-rest(静止到静止)姿态机动控制进行了仿真研究,结果表明,方法可行有效.     

柔性航天器大角度姿态机动的变论域分形控制

针对具有开环树状拓扑结构的柔性多体航天器,基于真一伪坐标形式的拉格朗日方程,建立柔性多体航天器的动力学模型,充分考虑了柔性航天器的时变与不确定性的动力学特征,设计了改进的变论域分形模糊控制器,并对该系统进行了仿真验证．仿真结果表明,该方案回避了实时计算收缩因子所导致的论域范围实时收缩的缺点,实现了对柔性多体航天器大角度...     

充液挠性飞行器的变结构控制

给出了带有多个挠性附件的充液飞行器的动力学方程,针对此模型采用变结构控制方法设计了系统的控制器。控制任务包括操纵天线使之跟踪事先给定的运动规律,并保持星体在惯性空间稳定,同时有效地抑制附件的弹性振动。通过仿真算例验证了此控制律的有效性。     

Variable structure attitude maneuver and vibration control of flexible spacecraft

A dual-stage control system design method is presented for the three-axis-rotational maneuver and vibration stabilization of a spacecraft with flexible appendages embedded with piezoceramics as sensor and actuator. In this design approach, the attitude control and the vibration suppression sub-systems are designed separately using the lower order model. The design of attitude controller is based on the variable structure control （VSC） theory leading to a discontinuous control law. This controller accomplishes asymptotic attitude maneuvering in the closed-loop system and is insensitive to the interaction of elastic modes and uncertainty in the system. To actively suppress the flexible vibrations, the modal velocity feedback control method is presented by using piezoelectric materials as additional sensor and actuator bonded on the surface of the flexible appendages. In addition, a special configuration of actuators for three-axis attitude control is also investigated ： the pitch attitude controlled by a momentum wheel, and the roll/yaw control achieved by on-off thrusters, which is modulated by pulse width pulse frequency modulation technique to construct the proper control torque history. Numerical simulations performed show that the rotational maneuver and vibration suppression are accomplished in spite of the presence of disturbance torque and parameter uncertainty.     

基于PZT和脉冲调制控制的挠性卫星振动抑制

针对推力器作为执行机构的挠性卫星大角度姿态机动时帆板的振动抑制问题,提出了伪速率（PSR）调制式喷气控制与基于压电陶瓷（PZT）材料的主动振动控制技术相结合的复合控制方法．该方法的前者是采用传统的PD控制,利用四元数和角速度作为反馈信号,并基于Lyapunov方法证明了姿态的渐近稳定和模态振动的衰减性;另外,为了减少推力器的非线性开关控制激起的挠性结构振动,采用PSR的准线性调制技术使推力器产生所需要的控制力矩的脉冲序列,从而实现大角度姿态机动控制;后者是通过设计正位置反馈（PPF）补偿器以增加结构的阻尼,进一步抑制挠性结构残余振动．数值仿真结果表明,该方法不仅能够使航天器完成对姿态的机动,而且能够抑制帆板的弹性振动．     

Complete geometric nonlinear formulation for rigid-flexible coupling dynamics

A complete geometric nonlinear formulation for rigid-flexible coupling dynamics of a flexible beam undergoing large overall motion was proposed based on virtual work principle, in which all the high-order terms related to coupling deformation were included in dynamic equations. Simulation examples of the flexible beam with prescribed rotation and free rotation were investigated. Numerical results show that the use of the first-order approximation coupling (FOAC) model may lead to a significant error when the flexible beam experiences large deformation or large deformation velocity. However, the correct solutions can always be obtained by using the present complete model. The difference in essence between this model and the FOAC model is revealed. These coupling high-order terms, which are ignored in FOAC model, have a remarkable effect on the dynamic behavior of the flexible body. Therefore, these terms should be included for the rigid-flexible dynamic modeling and analysis of flexible body undergoing motions with high speed. Foundation item: Project(10772113) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Combined centralized and decentralized controlfor high precision spacecraft

The improved structural filter combined with Positive Position Feedback(PPF) controller is investigated for high-precision attitude control of flexible spacecraft which consists of rigid central body a...     

Dynamic modeling and simulation for the flexible spacecraft with dynamic stiffening

A rigid flexible coupling physical model which can represent a flexible spacecraft is investigated in this paper. By applying the mechanics theory in a non-inertial coordinate system, the rigid flexible coupling dynamic model with dynamic stiffening is established via the subsystem modeling framework. It is clearly elucidated for the first time that, dynamic stiffening is produced by the coupling effect of the centrifugal inertial load distributed on the beam and the transverse vibration deformation of the beam. The modeling approach in this paper successfully avoids problems which are caused by other popular modeling methods nowadays: the derivation process is too complex by using only one dynamic principle; a clearly theoretical explanation for dynamic stiffening can't be provided. First, the continuous dynamic models of the flexible beam and the central rigid body are established via structural dynamics and angular momentum theory respectively. Then, based on the conclusions of orthogonalization about the normal constrained modes, the finite dimensional dynamic model suitable for controller design is obtained. The numerical simulation validations show that: dynamic stiffening is successfully incorporated into the dynamic characteristics of the first-order model established in this paper, which can indicate the dynamic responses of the rigid flexible coupling system with large overall motion accurately, and has a clear modeling mechanism, concise expressions and a good convergence.     

基于分力合成方法的航天器闭环反馈控制

为了增强分力合成主动振动抑制方法抵抗外界干扰的能力,将分力合成方法与闭环反馈控制相结合同时进行设计.用非约束模态级数方法建立解耦的姿态动力学方程和挠性附件振动方程,通过选取合适的反馈量,在设计闭环反馈参数时将挠性附件的振动和分力合成方法同时加入到约束条件中,得到最佳性能解.通过对单挠性杆模型的仿真,在满足系统各项性能指标的条件下,调整时间较分步设计方法明显减少,证明本文方法的有效性.     

变拓扑航天器附件展开动力学的全局仿真

现代大型航天器附件的展开往往是分段进行的,其间包含了系统约束状态的改变和锁定碰撞过程的发生,在建立多柔体系动力学模型的基础上,提出了全局仿真的策略：对于其中的变约束问题采用预行锭义约束集、在仿真过程中实时检测并激活相应约束的求解策略。实现了系统拓扑结构在仿真过程中自动切换;而通过对速度约束方程的分析,提出了将动量守恒并入到约束方程求解以模块锁定过程中的方法,并将所开发的多柔性系统动力学仿真软件扩展     

Dynamics of tether-tugging reorbiting with net capture

To control the growth of space debris in the geostationary earth orbit(GEO), a novel solution of net capture and tether-tugging reorbiting is proposed. After capture, the tug(i.e., active spacecraft), tether, net, and target(i.e., GEO debris) constitute a rigid-flexible coupled tethered combination system(TCS), and subsequently the system is transported to the graveyard orbit by a thruster equipped on the tug. This paper attempts to study the dynamics of tether-tugging reorbiting after net capture. The net is equivalent to four flexible bridles, and the tug and target are viewed as rigid bodies. A sophisticated mathematical model is developed, taking into account the system orbital motion, relative motion of two spacecraft and spacecraft attitude motion. Given the complexity of the model, the numerical method is adopted to study the system dynamics characteristics. Particular attention is given to the investigation of the possible risks such as tether slack, spacecraft collision, tether rupture, tether-tug intertwist and destabilizing of the tug's attitude. The influence of the initial conditions and the magnitudes of the thrust are studied.     

控制受限航天器时变滑模姿态控制

在推力器执行机构输出力矩受限的条件下,针对带有输入饱和特性的挠性航天器的姿态机动问题,提出了一种将线性滑模面和时变滑模面相结合的变结构控制器设计方法,给出其切换机制以实现挠性航天器快速姿态机动给出了变结构输出反馈控制器设计的方法;最后,将本文提出的方法应用于三轴稳定挠性航天器的姿态机动控制,仿真结果表明:在推力器的控制受限条件下,完成姿态机动的同时,有效地抑制挠性附件的振动.     

挠性航天器姿态机动智能变结构输出反馈控制

针对挠性航天器飞轮输出力矩受限情况下的姿态机动问题,提出了一种将变结构和神经网络控制相结合的智能鲁棒控制方法.基于挠性模态不可测的特点,首先给出了仅利用输出信息的智能变结构输出反馈控制器的设计方法来完成姿态机动的控制目标,并基于Lyapunov方法分析了滑动模态的存在性及系统的稳定性.智能控制的引入使得控制器具有很强的自适应、自学习的能力,降低饱和非线性对系统产生的影响.最后,将本文提出的控制方法应用于挠性航天器的姿态机动控制,在反作用飞轮的控制受限条件下,完成姿态机动的同时,可有效地抑制挠性附件的振动.     

挠性航天器姿态机动的主动振动控制

针对挠性航天器三轴姿态同时机动时太阳帆板的振动抑制问题,提出了采用压电智能元件作为致动器的主动振动控制方法,基于Lagrangian方法和四元数参数化建立了航天器姿态动力学和运动学模型.利用航天器姿态控制问题固有的无源性,设计了一种仅利用姿态四元数而无需以角速度测量、挠性变形位移及速率测量作为反馈的控制规律,使得在大角度姿态机动的同时能有效地抑制太阳帆板的振动;基于Lyapunov方法证明了设计的动态控制器能够保证姿态的渐近稳定性和模态振动的衰减性.将该方法的控制效果与PD控制方法进行了比较,仿真验证了所给出的控制方法的可行性和有效性.     

柔性太阳帆航天器动力学建模与姿态控制

对基于控制叶片的太阳帆航天器,推导考虑弹性振动的太阳帆姿态动力学方程和振动方程,利用非约束模态的概念给出了太阳帆航天器动力学方程的求解方法.结合超地球同步转移轨道太阳帆航天器偏航轴对地定向问题,设计了太阳帆俯仰轴的考虑Bang-Bang控制策略的PD控制器,数值仿真结果表明,所设计的基于控制叶片的控制器可以较快、较精确...     

未确知环境下刚-柔机械臂主动柔顺运动控制的仿真研究

对未知环境下刚-柔机械臂主动柔顺控制进行仿真研究．利用MatlabTM提供的控制工具箱进行控制器的设计,使用SimulinkTM进行系统仿真．本文分别设计了PID控制器,H∞控制器,并对在不同控制器下的闭环系统的性能进行了比较．对刚-柔机械臂主动柔顺控制的快速定位、慢速趋近目标物体以及柔性机械臂的主动柔顺跟随运动进行了仿真研究．