明溪县烤烟施硼效应的初步研究

试验结果表明，烤烟施硼，无论是基施（０．５ｋｇ／亩）、开盘期烧施（浓度０．２％），还是苗期喷施（浓度０．２％）、四棵期喷施（浓度０．２％），均具有明显的增加产、质效果。增产幅度为１～２０％，上等烟提高幅度为２～１８％，均价增加幅度为０．４～１．１６元／ｋｇ。     

转谷氨酰胺和酪蛋白钠重构小牛肉的研究

不同肉重百分比的转谷谷氨酰胺酶（０，０．１％，０．０５％，０．１０％）和酪蛋白钠（０．５％，１．０％，１．５％，２．０％）联合分组添加于切割（２ｃｍ×２ｃｍ×２ｃｍ）的小牛肉块间，在５℃下反应不同时间（１ｈｒ，２ｈｒｓ，５ｈｒｓ）；对重构的样品分别测定其结合力，以判断转谷氨酰胺酶在蛋白质分子间形成共价交联的能力。结果表明：０．０５％转谷氨酰胺酶与１．０％酪蛋白钠联合反应时间１ｈｒ，获得了较理想的重     

茶多酚（TPP）对8种致病菌最低抑制浓度的研究

用滤纸园片法和牛津杯法研究了茶多酚３种浓度溶液（１％、０．５％、０．２％）对１２种细菌、２种酵母、４种霉菌３大类微生物的抑制作用。发现在此条件下,对伤寒沙门氏杆菌等８种致病菌有明显的抑制作用,确定茶多酚对金黄色葡萄球菌、普通变形杆菌、伤寒沙门氏杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、铜绿色假单孢杆菌、枯草杆菌、口腔变异链球菌、大肠埃希氏杆菌８种致病菌的最低抑制浓度分别为０．０８％、０．０１％、０．０３％、０．０４％、０．０８％、０．０８％、０．１％、０．１％。由结果推断茶多酚不失是一种良好的天然抗菌剂,可添加于食品和药物中。     

配用塑料颜料生产轻量涂布纸

近几年来,我厂开发了超低定量（６０ｇ／ｍ２以下）轻涂纸,生产中配用塑料颜料替代部分瓷土。涂料主要成分广东茂名瓷土,～２μｍ粒子含量９０％以上,白度≥８８％;上海产丁苯胶乳,固含量５０％,粘度６０～１００ｍＰａ·ｓ;ＤＣ—分散剂;苏州产ＧＭＢ—Ｈ塑料颜料,其呈疏松空心球状,外径０．２～０．６μｍ,内径０．１～０．３μｍ,密度为０．６～０．９ｇ／ｃｍ３,且具有弹性。塑料颜料主要技术指标：外观：呈蓝色调的白色液体,干燥后呈白色粉末固含量：≥４８％ｐＨ值：６～７粘度：≤１００ｍＰａ·ｓ＃１配方：瓷土…     

牛皮汽车座垫革白湿革复鞣工艺

［３４］　牛皮汽车座垫革白湿革复鞣工艺　ＣａｔｔｌｅｈｉｄｅＷｅｔＷｈｉｔｅＰｒｅｔａｎｎａｇｅｆｏｒ　ＰｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇＡｕｔｏｍｏｔｉｖｅＬｅａｔｈｅｒ栏目特约主持：肖月敏（巴斯夫公司）北京办事处　垂询电话：（０１０）６５９１８８９９　　１　原料皮德国牛盐湿皮,厚度：２．０～２．５ｍｍ,用料参照剖层皮重量。２　水洗水２００％温度３２℃转动２０分钟排液３　预脱灰水１００％温度３２℃亚硫酸氢钠０．２％ＤｅｃａｌｔａｌＲ０．２％转动２０分钟排液４　脱灰水１００％温度３２℃ＤｅｃａｌｔａｌＲ１．５％…     

功能性多糖影响硫胺素生物利用率的研究

功能性多糖因束缚作用而降低了硫胺素的利用率,其束 胺素的量随ＰＨ的升高而增大;在肠液ＰＨ条件下,羧甲基纤维素,蔗渣纤维束缚硫胺素的最大量分别为１１．０＊１０＾－２ｍｇ／ｇ,６．１＊１０＾－２ｍｇ／ｇ,最低浓度分别为０．０４２％,０．０１８％。     

微量元素处理对烟草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

１材料与方法１．１供试材料供试的微量元素为硼酸、硫酸锌、钼酸铵，以清水为对照。供试烟草种子ＮＣ８９。１．２试验方法取２ｇＮＣ８９烟草种子，用布袋装好，放入０．１％浓度和０．２％浓度的微量元素溶液中，分别浸泡３０ｈ和４０ｈ后将烟草种子均匀播入培养皿内，...     

山葡萄及其杂交品种组培脱毒技术的研究

１９９１－１９９５年，采用无病毒症状山葡萄及其２０个杂交后代的茎尖，进行培养。分化培养基为：ＭＳ附加ＮＡＡ０．０１－０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ、蔗糖３．０％、琼脂５．０％；生根培养基为：１／２ＭＳ附加ＩＢＡ０．２－０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ、蔗糖１．５％，     

黄牛家具革生产技术

１　原料皮云南黄牛盐湿皮。２　水洗２００％水常温　６０′（停）０．２％ＢｏｒｒｏｎＡ乳化剂６０′（转）测波美７°,排水。３　水洗２００％水２０℃１５′（转）排水。４　主浸水２００％水２５℃１％纯碱０．２％ＡｒａｃｉｔＫ杀菌剂０．２％ＢｏｒｒｏｎＡ０．２％ＢｏｒｒｏｎＴ脱脂剂０．２％ＰｅｌｌｖｉｔＣ浸水酶１２０′后,ｐＨ９．５,测波美３．５°,转５′／６０′过夜,次日测波美４．５°,ｐＨ８．７,排水。５　脱毛／浸灰５０％水２２℃１．５％ＥｒｈａｖｉｔＭＢ浸灰剂３０′１．５％石灰３０′１．０％ＮａＨ…     

白腐菌处理漂白废水的研究

经驯化后的白腐菌处理苇浆ＣＥＨ漂白废水比未驯化菌的处理效果好，在最适培养条件（加０．１％葡萄糖，０．０２％酒石酸铵，０．０５％ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ，ｐＨ值４．３－４．５，３２℃－４２℃，培养五天）下间歇式连续处理，处理效果较稳定，ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率４９．１－５５．９％，ＴＯＣＩ去除率４３．７％－４９．０％，脱色率为６３．１－６７．９％。     

假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素复配抑菌液的筛选及保鲜效果研究

目的 筛选出最优的假肠膜明串珠菌（Leuconostoc mesenteroides, LM）产细菌素复配抑菌液,同时探究抑菌液对冷鲜鸡肉的保鲜效果。方法 以冷鲜鸡肉及其主要腐败菌为研究对象,研究假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素的最佳生长周期,并利用假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素抑菌液、乳酸链球菌素抑菌液、假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素和柚子精油复配抑菌抑菌液以及假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素和茶多酚复配抑菌液分别浸泡鸡肉,从肉的pH、汁液流失率、色度、菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮（total volatile basic nitrogen, TVB-N）、感官评定等评价其对鸡肉冷藏品质的影响,比较以上几种抑菌液对鸡肉的保鲜效果,筛选出最佳的抑菌液。结果 假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素的生长周期与其抑菌活性呈一定正相关。实验组的4种抑菌液均能延缓冷鲜鸡肉劣变,但1.5%假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素抑菌液、40 mg/L乳酸链球菌素抑菌液对冷鲜鸡肉保鲜效果有限。而1.5%假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素和0.2%茶多酚复配抑菌液、1.5%假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素和10%柚子精油复配抑菌液的保鲜效果较好,尤其在以1.5%假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素和10%柚子精油复配抑菌液液处理时,对冷鲜鸡肉的保鲜作用最强。结论 1.5%假肠膜明串珠菌产细菌素和10%柚子精油复配抑菌液对冷鲜鸡肉具有最佳的保鲜效果。     

Cultural conditions and nutritional components affecting the growth and bacteriocin production of Lactobacillus plantarum KC21

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cultural conditions and nutritional components on the cell growth and bacteriocin production of Lactobacillus plantarum KC21. In cultures without pH control, the bacteriocin activity of L. plantarum KC21 was higher at 30oC, however, the cell growth rate was higher at 37°C. In MRS broth with an initial pH 6.0, the cell growth was lower, but high bacteriocin levels were recorded than at pH 7.0. The bacteriocin activity was maximal in medium containing 1.0 or 1.5% glucose or 1.0% lactose. Yeast extract (0.25 or 0.5%) added to MRS broth increased the bacteriocin activity, moreover, the bacteriocin in the presence of 1.0 or 3.0% NaCl, 0.5% NH₄PO₄, or 0.25 or 0.5% KH₂PO₄ resulted in the activity of 12,800 BU/mL, but excessively high salts concentration hindered the cell growth and bacteriocin production significantly. Besides 1.0 or 2.0 mM MgSO₄ highly increased the bacteriocin activity without affecting the growth of L. plantarum KC21, and ascorbic acid (1.0 or 3.0 ppm) enhanced the bacteriocin activity up to 2 fold.     

植物乳杆菌细菌素高产菌株的诱变选育及其对肉丸的防腐保鲜作用

为了提高细菌素产量并研究细菌素对肉制品的保鲜效果,本研究以植物乳杆菌JL-A65为出发菌株,对其进行常温等离子(ARTP)诱变、甲基硝基亚硝基胍(MNNG)诱变与基因组改组,并将细菌素与双乙酸钠复配后添加到肉丸中。结果表明,ARTP诱变最佳处理时间为40 s,经筛选得到两株突变株A7-10和A8-110,细菌素产量提高率分别为45.1%和48.9%。MNNG诱变的最佳处理浓度为1.5 mg/mL,经筛选得到两株突变株M2-58和M7-111,细菌素产量提高率分别为46.6%和31.3%。对植物乳杆菌进行基因组改组最终得到一株融合菌株F4-23,细菌素产量为413 mg/L,较原始菌株提高了103.48%。细菌素与双乙酸钠之间存在协同作用,可以使肉制品保质期较对照延长5 d。结论:利用理化诱变结合基因组改组可以获得细菌素高产菌株,细菌素与双乙酸钠复配后可以使肉丸保质期较对照延长5 d。细菌素对肉丸具有较好的防腐保鲜效果。     

Statistical Optimization of Culture Components for Enhanced Bacteriocin Production by Lactobacillus plantarum LR/14

Statistical optimization of bacteriocin production by a natural isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum LR/14 was carried out in TGYE medium at 37°C and 200 rpm for 20h. In the first step of optimization using Plackett-Burman design, yeast extract, glucose and incubation period were identified as the most important factors for bacteriocin production. These factors were further optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) to understand their interaction and to determine their optimal levels. Results indicated that the maximum bacteriocin production was achieved in a medium containing glucose 2.0% and yeast extract 2.5%, and after an incubation period of 20h. An overall approximatley eightfold improvement in bacteriocin production was achieved as a result of optimization. These results indicated the importance of statistical tools in designing culture conditions for enhancing the production of bacteriocin from L. plantarum LR/14. Such an improved production will facilitate the application of bacteriocin, especially in food preservation.     

面包乳杆菌(Lactobacillus panis)C-M_2细菌素的分离纯化及特性分析

本实验对面包乳杆菌C-M2所产的新型细菌素进行分离纯化和特性研究。通过乙酸乙酯萃取、阳离子交换层析和半制备液相三步分离纯化该细菌素。最终细菌素的比活力达到5 044.96 AU/mg,纯化倍数为79.8倍,但回收率仅为0.35%。通过液相色谱-串联质谱法分析,该细菌素的分子质量为863.52 D,氨基酸序列为MVKKTSAV,它是一种新型的Ⅱ类细菌素。该细菌素具有广泛的抑菌谱,可以抑制革兰氏阳性和阴性的食品腐败菌。该细菌素对热和p H值稳定,即使在121℃灭菌15 min,仍保留82.1%的抑菌活性,在p H 6条件下保留85.6%的抑菌活性。它能被多种蛋白酶失活,不能被脂肪酶和淀粉酶失活,这些结果表明该细菌素具有作为食品生物防腐剂的潜在应用价值。     

Statistical Optimization of Culture Components for Enhanced Bacteriocin Production by Lactobacillus plantarum LR/14

Statistical optimization of bacteriocin production by a natural isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum LR/14 was carried out in TGYE medium at 37°C and 200 rpm for 20h. In the first step of optimization using Plackett-Burman design, yeast extract, glucose and incubation period were identified as the most important factors for bacteriocin production. These factors were further optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) to understand their interaction and to determine their optimal levels. Results indicated that the maximum bacteriocin production was achieved in a medium containing glucose 2.0% and yeast extract 2.5%, and after an incubation period of 20h. An overall approximatley eightfold improvement in bacteriocin production was achieved as a result of optimization. These results indicated the importance of statistical tools in designing culture conditions for enhancing the production of bacteriocin from L. plantarum LR/14. Such an improved production will facilitate the application of bacteriocin, especially in food preservation.     

乳杆菌产细菌素的发酵条件及其抑菌谱的研究

本研究以从内蒙古地区传统谷物发酵食品-酸粥中筛选出的产细菌素的乳杆菌为对象,对其产细菌素的发酵条件进行优化,并确定其抑菌谱。结果表明乳杆菌SZL-1的最佳发酵条件为：接种量7%,培养基起始pH 6.0,发酵时间24h,培养温度37℃。乳杆菌SZL-1产生的细菌素抑菌谱较广,对大多数革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性菌都有抑菌作用,但对酵母菌无抑菌作用。     

动物双歧杆菌细菌素bifidocin A群体感应合成调控行为分析

bifidocin A是由Bifidobacterium animalis BB04代谢合成的一种新型广谱高效细菌素。为探讨该细菌素的群体感应合成调控行为,本研究通过监测发酵过程中菌体生长及细菌素抑菌活性变化规律,分析菌体密度和细菌素合成的相关性;基于低产细菌素培养模型体系的构建,检测发酵上清液中是否存在群体感应自诱导肽,判断是否存在细菌素合成相关群体感应系统;并通过对发酵上清液中自诱导肽进行提纯和分子质量测定,初步明确其分子特性。结果表明,当菌体细胞达到活菌数为7.31（lg（CFU/mL））时,细菌素才开始合成;发酵过程中,菌体密度与细菌素的合成呈现正相关性;成功构建了低产细菌素培养模型体系,其培养条件为培养温度37?℃、培养基起始pH?5、培养基浓度1/10改良MRS（Man Rogosa Sharpe）培养基、接种量1%、培养时间24?h;基于此模型体系,确定发酵上清液中确实存在可以诱导细菌素合成的自诱导肽,细菌素bifidocin?A的合成是受群体感应系统调控的;通过对发酵上清液进行超滤管筛分、葡聚糖凝胶柱层析及高效液相色谱层析提纯,获得了高纯度自诱导肽样品;采用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行质谱测定其分子质量为3?587.253?Da。     

Isolation and preliminary characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum N014 isolated from nham, a traditional Thai fermented pork

Lactobacillus plantarum N014 was isolated from nham, a traditional Thai fermented pork, and exhibited antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Its bacteriocin had a broad inhibitory spectrum toward both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The bacteriocin activity was sensitive to all proteolytic enzymes used in this study, including papain, pepsin, pronase E, proteinase K, and trypsin, but was resistant to the other enzymes, such as alpha-amylase, lipase A, and lysozyme. Furthermore, activity was stable over various heat treatments and pH values. The bacteriocin exerted a bacteriolytic mode of action. It was produced during the exponential growth phase and reached its highest level as producer cells entered the stationary phase. Adsorption of the bacteriocin onto producer cells was pH-dependent. No bacteriocin adsorption was detected at pH 1 to 3, whereas 100% bacteriocin adsorption was found at pH 7. Plasmid isolation revealed that L. plantarum N014 contained no plasmids. From Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and growth inhibition testing against L. monocytogenes, the estimated molecular mass of L. plantarum N014 bacteriocin was 8 kDa.     

植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)8-6产细菌素发酵条件的优化

对植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)8-6产细菌素的发酵条件进行了优化,分别研究了培养时间、温度、接种量、培养基起始pH值、培养基碳源、氮源等因素对细菌素产生的影响,通过单因素水平试验和正交试验,确定产细菌素的最佳培养基组合和最佳发酵条件为葡萄糖3%,胰蛋白胨2%,蛋白胨1%,酵母膏1%,硫酸镁0.058%,吐温-80 0.2%,30℃培养24h,培养基起始pH值为6.5,接种量2%。乳杆菌8-6优化后效价为1825.56IU/mL,比优化前提高了373.15%。