基于计算机视觉的粮粒内部害虫检测的研究进展

计算机视觉技术检测粮粒内部害虫,具有快速、准确、可视化等优点,近10年来一直是粮虫领域的研究热点,国外学者做了大量的研究工作.为了充分利用国外的最新研究成果,该文分近红外图像、软X射线和CT成像三个方面,综述了国外在应用计算机视觉技术自动检测粮粒内部害虫中的研究进展,分析了各种方法的优缺点,并提出了需要进一步解决的问题,以供我国研究人员做同类研究时参考.     

基于图像处理的粮食虫害自动分级虚拟系统研究

针对粮食害虫检测自动化程度不高的问题,研究开发了基于图像处理的粮食虫害程度自动分级虚拟系统,该系统采用LabVIEW的机器视觉工具包,对采集到的粮食害虫图像进行处理,提出了利用像素比例的方法来实现粮虫计数和虫害自动分级报警。利用仿真图像对所设计的虚拟系统进行了试验研究,研究结果表明,粮虫计数误差小于5%,此系统可以用于某种特定粮食虫害的在线监测。     

基于奇异值分解与同态滤波的粮虫图像增强

储粮害虫的在线检测是研究的热门领域。由于图像处理技术逐渐成熟,基于图像处理的储粮害虫检测系统得到了广泛的关注。图像增强是特征提取前重要的预处理过程,因此在基于图像处理的检测系统中是最重要的步骤。介绍了同态滤波图像增强方法和矩阵奇异值分解的基本理论,在此基础上提出了基于奇异值分解和同态滤波的粮虫图像增强算法。为了验证方法的有效性在Matlab平台上做了仿真试验,使用本方法增强粮虫图像并和其他方法做了对比,结果表明该方法对于粮虫图像增强是有效且可行的。     

粮情监测预警技术研究进展

粮情监测预警对保证粮食安全至关重要,本文从粮食储藏过程中温湿水检测、虫霉监测和温度预测预警等方面总结粮情监测预警技术的研究现状,着重突出新一代信息技术与粮情监测技术的融合发展,旨在为粮情监测预警的未来发展提供新的思路,为行业信息化、智能化建设提供参考。     

一种基于改进的YOLOv3算法在粮虫小目标检测的应用

原始YOLOv3模型被认为适合求解多尺寸的图像目标检测问题,但是对于粮虫小目标检测存在表征能力不足且检测效率较低的问题。本文基于此提出了一种融合GIoU算法的YOLOv3检测模型,一方面使用GIoU算法弥补IoU算法对于两个不相交box无法进行量化的问题,同时使用GIoU对损失函数进行优化,损失函数优化为GIoU损失、置信度损失和分类损失三方面;另一方面使用五种数据增强手段对原始1 998张数据集进行数据增强,最终形成大小为9 990张的数据集,并使用K-means聚类算法对自制数据集进行聚类分析,聚类出符合粮虫小目标检测的先验框。针对自制的9 990张粮虫的数据集进行实验获得了99.43%的mAP和每幅图像0.040 s的检测速度,与原始YOLOv3模型相比,本文所提模型对于小目标的粮虫检测效果得到了很大的提升。     

基于LabVIEW和Arduino粮库温湿度检测系统设计

无论是在国外还是在国内,粮食安全问题都是每个国家和政府所要重点考虑的战略性问题.功能完善的电子粮情检测控制系统,是控制储粮安全的可靠保证.准确检测粮堆各部位的湿度和温度,然后通过计算机储粮管理分析软件,得到粮堆生态活性状况,储粮的品质变化,适宜存放期限等多种相关数据,达到实时监测,预测粮情,并控制机械设备进行调控的目的.为了保证储粮的品质,设计了基于LabVIEW软件平台结合Arduino技术的粮情检测系统实验,能实时管理监测储粮及仓内环境的温湿度数据,同时为用户进行安全监控提供了友好的人机交互方式.     

改进Faster RCNN在粮虫目标检测中的应用研究

针对储粮害虫体积小、姿态多变、背景复杂、存在粘连遮挡且容易混淆、检测精度低等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的改进Faster RCNN粮虫目标检测方法。通过在特征图后引入金字塔池化模块,优化损失函数,提升粮虫检测性能。实验结果表明,该方法在本文自制的白板背景和储粮背景两个粮虫数据集的mAP分别达到89.42%和90.12%,相比较改进前的算法分别提升了0.9%和2.46%。     

基于YOLOV3模型的卷烟厂烟虫识别方法

为解决卷烟厂烟虫(本研究中特指烟草甲)难识别、识别不精准和难以及时掌握虫情等问题,实现烟虫的精准、高效检测,采用YOLOV3模型对烟虫进行实时检测,并采用数据增强技术和k-means++聚类方法提供充足的数据和较理想的先验框训练YOLOV3模型,以提高模型对位置、烟丝和烟末杂质等的鲁棒性。分析经训练好的YOLOV3模型准确性和抗干扰能力,结果表明:①经训练好的YOLOV3模型能够对卷烟厂烟虫进行精准检测,验证集和测试集中检测精度均达到95%以上,每帧检测速度分别为0.112 1 s和0.129 2 s,能够满足卷烟厂对烟虫检测精度和速度的要求。②经训练好的YOLOV3模型对黏板位置、烟丝、烟末等杂质具有一定的抗干扰能力,具备在复杂环境下安装部署的条件。③基于YOLOV3模型设计的烟虫报警处理系统能够精准检测出烟虫的数量、一定时间内烟虫的增加量及其位置。该系统在废烟处理机和烟梗分离器中取得了较好的应用效果。     

基于机器视觉的定制家居板件在线尺寸检测系统研究

当前家居行业的板件尺寸普遍需要人工检验,效率和准确率均较低,因此迫切需要一种更为稳定、高效的尺寸检测方法。本文研究一种基于机器视觉的在线尺寸检测系统,可实时检测家具板件在封边后的几何尺寸参数,并可同步实现与设计尺寸进行比对。该技术可及时发现封边后尺寸异常的板件,为家具板件的加工质量提供可靠的实时检测保障。     

微波辐照抑制储粮虫卵孵化的研究

为解决当前粮食储藏中普遍采用的化学熏蒸除虫存在的污染问题,研究了基于热物理方法的微波辐照对储粮籽粒中虫卵的抑制效果,通过改变微波功率和辐照时间,得到了微波性质、粮层温度、籽粒活力与虫卵孵化率的关系。结果表明:微波能够穿透的粮层深度为7~10cm,1kW微波源,90s为抑虫效果最佳的辐照时间,2kW微波源,60s抑虫效果最佳,籽粒外观未有改变,粮食籽粒内部以米象、麦蛾虫卵为主要虫卵的孵化率为0%;该条件下辐照未影响籽粒活力,籽粒发芽率和相对电导率相比对照组没有显著变化,辐照仅使粮层表面籽粒含水量降低,其他粮层籽粒含水量不受影响。该研究为微波辐照抑制粮食籽粒中虫卵孵化技术在粮库中的应用提供了依据。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.