热处理制度对铸造Al-Si-Mg合金腐蚀性能的影响

通过浸泡腐蚀试验和电化学试验研究了不同热处理制度对铸造Al-Si-Mg合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对各合金浸泡腐蚀后的形貌进行观察与分析,并从组织上解释了热处理制度对铸造Al-Si-Mg合金腐蚀性能影响.通过对合金在铸态、固溶态、时效态下的腐蚀性能的研究表明,固溶态下合金腐蚀电流密度Icorr最小,耐腐蚀性能最好,铸态次之,峰时效态最差.     

Zn、Sb、Ti、Zr对 ZL114 合金腐蚀性能的影响

采用电化学腐蚀试验和浸泡腐蚀试验研究了铸造铝硅合金在3．5％NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为．同时还探讨了合金元素Zn、Sb、Ti、Zr对ZL114合金开路电压、腐蚀电流密度和腐蚀性能的影响规律,并利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对合金浸泡腐蚀前后的形貌进行了观察与分析。电化学试验结果表明．试验合金的自腐蚀电位向负向移动,腐蚀电流密度增加。浸泡腐蚀试验结果表明．加入合金元素降低了ZL114的腐蚀性能．其中Zn影响较大。     

固溶及时效处理对ZL205A合金腐蚀性能的影响

首先对ZL205A合金进行了固溶及不同温度的时效处理，随后对其进行了NaCl溶液浸泡腐蚀试验和电化学腐蚀试验。采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和能谱仪分析观察了合金热处理后的微观组织和析出相形貌以及腐蚀后的腐蚀形貌和化学成分，分析了合金的腐蚀机理。结果表明：合理的热处理制度能够使合金中析出针状θ相并呈网状分布在晶界上，随着时效温度的升高，析出相粗化并发生团聚，185℃时效后合金中出现了贫Cu区无沉淀析出带(PFZ)。铸态ZL205A合金在NaCl溶液中容易发生点蚀，热处理后点蚀速率大幅度降低，这是因为PFZ和θ相粗化能够显著减弱合金的腐蚀电流密度并阻断点蚀通道，因此提高了ZL205A合金的耐腐蚀性能。双级固溶(530℃×2 h+540℃×13 h)及185℃时效5 h后能够使合金获得优异的耐腐蚀性能。     

高温预析出对Al-Zn-Mg铝合金组织、力学性能和应力腐蚀性能的影响

研究了近固溶度高温预析出工艺对抗应力腐蚀性能较差的中强可焊7A52和仿7039合金的组织、时效硬化和应力腐蚀性能的影响.显微组织观察、力学性能分析及应力腐蚀性能测试结果表明:近固溶度高温预析出处理可使合金在晶界形成不连续的析出相;在保持合金强度、塑性的同时,预析出可提高抗应力腐蚀性能,但预析出温度过低,合金强度呈下降趋势;固溶后于400℃预析出处理在峰值时效状态下可使7A52铝合金强度和抗应力腐蚀性能得到最佳组合,抗应力腐蚀性能达到三级时效后的效果.     

时效对纳米TiC/Ti细化Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金耐蚀性的影响

采用浸泡腐蚀、极化曲线和应力腐蚀等方法研究时效对纳米TiC/Ti细化Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,峰时效态和过时效态细化合金在3.5%的NaCl溶液中浸泡192h,腐蚀速率分别为0.756 5mm/a和0.361 3mm/a。峰时效态化合金在NaCl和NaCl+H_2O_2溶液中的应力断裂时间分别为72.2h和50.1h;过时效态为221.2h和80.8h,过时效态合金抗应力腐蚀性能高于峰时效态的。峰时效添加TiC/Ti细化合金后晶界较宽的PFZ(无沉淀析出带)降低其耐蚀性,过时效态晶界不连续且粗大的η相以及较窄的PFZ使合金耐蚀性提高。     

高温预析出和固溶温度对7A52合金应力腐蚀开裂的影响

通过对高温预析出处理的7A52合金在T61和自然时效状态的强度、硬度、电阻率和应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）的测试,对比分析了高温预析出对7A52合金自然时效和T61时效状态下应力腐蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明：高温预析出可以提高自然时效和人工时效状态7A52合金的抗应力腐蚀性能,同时强度和伸长率有所增加;对于T61时效状态的7A52合金可保持其拉伸强度在500MPa,伸长率在13．O％。475℃固溶处理后T61状态下的7A52合金,不论是否经高温预析出处理合金抗应力腐蚀性能都优于经480℃固溶处理的T61状态下的7A52合金的抗应力腐蚀性能。     

Al—Zn—Mg—Mn—Sc—Zr合金腐蚀性能的研究

本文主要分析时效温度和时效时间对合金组织和性能的影响；通过研究不同时效条件下电极化曲线图特征，研究了自然时效、峰时效、欠时效、过时效态的Al-Zn-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr合金的腐蚀形貌及合金的晶间腐蚀敏感性和剥蚀敏感性，分析了合金腐蚀敏感性差异的原因，研究表明，随着时效时间的延长，Al—Zn—Mg—Mn—Sc—Zr合金内部显微组织发生变化，合金晶间腐蚀性能随组织变化，合金的晶间腐蚀敏感性的顺序为：自然时效〉欠时效〉峰时效〉过时效。Al—Zn—Mg-Mn—Sc—Zr合金的剥蚀敏感性与其晶间腐蚀敏感性基本一致，随时效时间的延长，剥蚀性能逐渐提高。极化曲线表明：随时效时间的延长，该合金的腐蚀倾向减小，抗腐蚀性能逐渐提高；峰时效态与过时效态合金的腐蚀敏感性差异不大，但欠时效态合金抗腐蚀性能明显比自然时效态合金有所提高。     

Sc及回归再时效处理对7075铝合金抗应力腐蚀性能的影响

采用铸锭冶金法制备了常规和含0.23%Sc的两种7075铝合金,使用光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析了合金的微观组织,并采用拉伸试验、慢应变速率拉伸试验研究了两种合金在T6、T73和回归再时效(RRA)3种时效状态下的力学性能和抗应力腐蚀性能。结果表明,在相同时效状态下,Sc明显细化了7075合金晶粒,合金的力学性能,尤其是抗应力腐蚀性能得到明显提高。相对于T6处理而言,T73处理使两种合金的强度下降,抗应力腐蚀性能增加,RRA处理使合金在保持T6状态力学性能的同时,具有接近于T73状态的抗应力腐蚀性能。     

Zn元素及时效工艺对2056铝合金局部腐蚀行为的影响

通过晶间腐蚀(IGC)、剥落腐蚀(EXCO)实验及透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析,研究Zn元素及时效工艺对2056铝合金抗晶间腐蚀性能和抗剥落腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:2056铝合金在T6(175℃)时效态下,随着时效时间的延长,其晶间腐蚀与剥落腐蚀敏感性逐渐降低;在T8(155℃)峰时效态和T3(室温)时效态下,合金的抗晶间腐蚀及抗剥落腐蚀性能均有所提高,且在T3态下2056铝合金的抗腐蚀性能最好;在T6峰时效态下,不添加Zn的2056铝合金比添加Zn的2056合金的抗腐蚀性能差。合金发生局部腐蚀与晶界及其附近区域的特征紧密相关,当晶界析出相(S(S′)相)呈链状分布且晶界无沉淀析出带(PFZ)较宽时,合金晶间及剥落腐蚀敏感性大;晶界析出相尺寸越大,分布越不连续,PFZ越窄,合金晶间及剥落腐蚀敏感性越小;当晶界无析出相和PFZ时,合金晶间及剥落腐蚀敏感性最小。     

单级时效对7050铝合金力学性能及晶间腐蚀性能的影响

采用硬度测试、恒温浸泡方法、金相和透射电镜技术研究不同温度不同时间的单级时效处理对7050铝合金的力学性能和晶间腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:当时效温度由120℃升高至180℃时,合金时效硬化响应速度明显加快,合金进入过时效状态所需的时间缩短.合金在120℃峰时效时,随时效时间的延长,析出相的粗化、晶界的宽化和无沉淀析出带出现缓慢,合金的硬度能长时间维持在较高水平.合金的晶间腐蚀敏感性与晶界析出相和无沉淀析出带(PFZ)的特征有关;晶界析出相呈链状分布时合金的腐蚀敏感性强,晶界析出相大,分布不连续,PFZ的宽化,则合金的腐蚀敏感性低.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and dimensional stability of ZL114A aluminum alloy

The effects of heat treatment process on microstructure,micro-yield strength and dynamic dimensional stability of ZL114A aluminum alloy were investigated by optical microscopy(OM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),tensile testing and thermal cycling on-line measuring method.Fine dispersed eutectic Si phases are observed,and long strip eutectic Si and massive primary Si phases decrease in ZL114A alloy after high-temperature and long-time solution treatment,which result in the increase of micro-plastic deformation resistance.With the increasing of aging temperature,aging precipitation behaviour of ZL114A alloy transforms from precipitation of GP zone and β' phases simultaneously at lower temperature to precipitation of stable Mg2Si phases at higher temperature.Because coherent strengthening is the main strengthen mechanism for micro-plastic deformation,precipitation of stable Mg2Si phases is unfavorable to the improvement of micro-plastic deformation resistance.Micro-yield strength cannot characterize dimensional stability comprehensively,and dynamic dimensional stability under alternative temperature should also be tested cooperatively for better evaluation of dimensional stability.     

金属型铸造条件下Sb元素对ZL114A合金共晶Si和拉伸性能的影响

ZL114A合金是我国自主研发的铸造亚共晶Al-Si合金,变质共晶Si是提高其室温综合拉伸性能的重要方法之一。利用室温拉伸试验、扫描电镜观察研究了Sb元素对金属型铸造条件下ZL114A合金铸态和热处理态组织以及性能的影响。结果表明,对于铸态的ZL114A合金,Sb的加入将共晶Si由板片状变质为纤维状或颗粒状;经过热处理的ZL114A合金,Sb的加入使共晶Si的长径比变小,球化程度更高。在金属型铸造条件下,Sb元素能够提高ZL114A合金铸态和热处理态的室温综合拉伸性能,热处理后添加Sb的合金的抗拉强度和伸长率远远高于我国航空标准所要求达到的值。综合考虑ZL114A合金铸态和热处理态的共晶Si相形貌以及室温拉伸性能,Sb元素的最佳含量(质量分数)为0.09%。     

铝-镁金属间化合物涂层的制备与分析

采用铝/镁异质双丝电弧喷涂+热处理复合工艺在铸造铝合金表面制备了铝-镁金属间化合物防护涂层.通过金相显微镜、电子探针及XRD衍射仪对涂层的组织和相组成进行研究,分析了热处理工艺对涂层组织的影响.采用质量分数5%的NaCl溶液进行浸泡试验和电化学试验,对比分析了热处理前后涂层的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,热处理可显著改变涂层内...     

不同固溶制度对6082铝合金力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响

采用拉伸力学性能试验、电导率性能试验、剥落腐蚀试验、晶间腐蚀试验、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等研究了不同固溶工艺对轨道交通用6082合金板材力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:530~560℃固溶及180℃时效处理后,6082合金板材的屈服强度和抗拉强度随着固溶温度升高而升高,而伸长率几乎保持不变。在530~560℃不同温度固溶处理的时效态6082板材的剥落腐蚀等级均为N级,显示出良好的耐剥落腐蚀性能,最大晶间腐蚀深度随着固溶温度升高而增加。不同温度固溶处理后时效态6082合金板材的晶界处均没有沉淀物析出,晶界附近的无沉淀析出带(PFZ)越宽,最大晶间腐蚀深度越深。     

国产825合金的耐腐蚀性能研究

采用腐蚀失重法、电化学测试和慢应变速率拉伸应力腐蚀研究了国产825合金在HCl、NaOH和NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,并采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜（SEM）对腐蚀后的样品进行观察。结果表明,国产825合金在HCl溶液中浸泡7 d后发生了明显的腐蚀,腐蚀速率随HCl浓度的增加而增大,而在NaOH和NaCl溶液中浸泡5个月后未发生明显腐蚀,并且在HCl、NaOH和NaCl溶液中合金的腐蚀电流随溶液浓度增加而增大。慢应变速率拉伸应力腐蚀结果表明在HCl、NaOH和NaCl溶液中合金的应力腐蚀敏感性很小,因此,一般情况下不会发生应力腐蚀开裂。     

Effect of different quenching processes following solid-solution treatment on properties and precipitation behaviors of 7050 alloy

The effects of quenching in different ways following solid-solution treatment on properties and precipitation behaviors of 7050 alloy were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), hardness and electrical conductivity tests. Results show that after quenching in different ways, electrical conductivity of the alloy decreases rapidly in the first 48 h of natural aging. The electrical conductivity of 7050 alloy in natural aging state is determined by the size and density of GP zones, and the size of GP zones is the main factor. After natural aging for 70 d, the size of GP zones is 1.8–2.6 nm in matrix of the immersion quenched sample and it is 1.4–1.8 nm in matrix of both water mist and forced air quenched samples. After natural and artificial peak aging, the hardness of the water mist quenched sample is HV 193.6 and its electrical conductivity is 30.5% (IACS) which are both higher than those of the immersion quenched sample. Therefore, water mist quenching is an ideal quenching method for 7050 alloy sheets after solid-solution treatment.     

时效处理对Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Zr-3.0Gd生物降解镁合金组织、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响

通过金相显微分析(OM)、扫描电镜观察(SEM)、透射电镜观察(TEM)和拉伸性能测试研究不同时效时间对Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Zr-3.0Gd生物镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响,通过质量损失和电化学方法研究合金在模拟体液(SBF)中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:时效时间为4~20 h时,合金中析出相的尺寸及数量随时效时间的延长而增加,析出相主要以纳米级棒状和颗粒状的(Mg,Zn)3Gd相形式存在,部分棒状析出相与α-Mg基体具有共格界面关系。合金的强度及伸长率随时效时间的延长先升高后降低。在120 h的浸泡实验中,合金的平均腐蚀速率、点蚀孔洞的数量及孔洞尺寸随时效时间的延长而逐渐增大,腐蚀速率随浸泡时间延长呈现出先减小、后增大、再缓慢减小以及最后趋于稳定的过程。     

Improved Corrosion Resistance of As-Extruded GZ51K Biomagnesium Alloy with High Mechanical Properties by Aging Treatment

Effects of aging treatment on microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the as-extruded Mg-5Gd-1Zn-0.6Zr (GZ51K, wt.%) alloy were investigated. Microstructure was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties were tested on a tensile test machine and a microhardness tester, and corrosion behavior was evaluated by mass loss and polarization tests. It is found that most of equiaxed α-Mg grains have long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure, and some of them have no LPSO structure. Long-elongated grains are formed in the as-extruded alloy due to partial recrystallization and disappear after being aged at 200 and 220 °C. The as-extruded alloy exhibits both high-yield strength and high ductility. The mechanical properties of the alloy are not apparently enhanced, but the corrosion resistance is significantly improved after aging treatment. Moreover, the alloy with LPSO structure presents uniform corrosion mode in simulated body fluid. The GZ51K alloy with high mechanical properties and uniform corrosion behavior is worthy to be further investigated for biomedical applications.     

固溶处理对Mg-3Gd-1Zn合金在模拟体液中腐蚀性能的影响

目的探究固溶处理对Mg-3Gd-1Zn生物镁合金腐蚀性能的影响规律。方法对Mg-3Gd-1Zn镁合金进行不同温度的固溶处理,随后进行时效处理。采用扫描电镜(SEM)对合金的显微组织进行观察,利用失重法和析氢法测试合金在模拟体液(SBF)中的腐蚀性能,利用极化曲线和交流阻抗谱对合金的电化学行为进行评估。结果由失重法计算结果可知,T6-460、T6-510、T6-520和T6-530合金在SBF中浸泡120h后的腐蚀速率分别为2.48、1.19、0.86、1.17 mm/a,即随着固溶温度的增加,合金的腐蚀速率顺序为:T6-460T6-510T6-530T6-520。析氢测试结果表明,随着浸泡时间的增加,T6-460与T6-510合金的腐蚀速率升高,而T6-520与T6-530合金的腐蚀速率变化较小,浸泡120 h后的析氢分析结果与失重法计算结果趋势一致。电化学测试表明,T6-460、T6-510、T6-520和T6-530合金的电流密度分别为8.01×10~(-5)、3.85×10~(-5)、3.30×10~(-5)、3.90×10~(-5)A/cm~2。随着固溶温度的增加,合金的容抗弧半径先增加后减小。合金在腐蚀过程中发生了点蚀。结论四种测试方法均表明T6-520镁合金表现出最佳的耐蚀性。     

Effect of Solution Treatment on Microstructure and Corrosion Properties of Mg–4Gd–1Y–1Zn–0.5Ca–1Zr Alloy

The as-cast multi-element Mg–4Gd–1Y–1Zn–0.5Ca–1Zr alloy with low rare earth additions was prepared, and the solution treatment was applied at different temperatures. The microstructural evolution of the alloy was characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and corrosion properties of the alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution were evaluated by immersion and electrochemical tests. The results indicate that the as-cast alloy is composed of the a-Mg matrix,lamellar long-period stacking-ordered(LPSO) structure and eutectic phase. The LPSO structure exists with more volume fraction in the alloy solution-treated at 440 °C, but disappears with the increase in the solution temperature. For all the solution-treated alloys, the precipitated phases are detected. The corrosion rates of the alloys decrease first and then increase slightly with the increase in the solution temperature, and the corrosion resistance of the solution-treated alloys is more than four times as good as that of the as-cast alloy. In addition, the alloy solution-treated at 480 °C for 6 h shows the best corrosion property.