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1.
    
The presence of bone particles, and hence the calcium content, is a key quality parameter for mechanically separated poultry meat (MSM). A method for fast at-line monitoring of the calcium content in MSM during production is therefore requested by the industry. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an interesting technique in this regard because it is fast and potentially enables direct detection of minerals in a sample with minimal sample preparation. Nine commercial MSM samples, representing the common range of calcium contents in MSM, a hand-deboned sample and minced poultry meat were measured by LIBS using sample preparation suitable for an industrial at-line monitoring setting. In the spectra obtained, emission lines from sodium, potassium and calcium were identified. Using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) as the reference method, and partial least squares regression (PLS) as calibration model, including three calcium lines adjusted by potassium, it was possible to separate samples according to three calcium levels with LIBS. Very low (<20 mg/100 g Ca), intermediate (20–90 mg/100 g Ca), and high (>90 mg/100 g Ca).  相似文献   

2.
    
Intentional mislabeling and adulteration of meat products with undeclared horse meat is a concern for religious, ethnic, and health reasons and is illegal under regulations mandated and enforced by food regulatory agencies and the Federal Meat Inspection Act. Nonetheless, recent analysis of the meat industry has revealed an apparent increase in the frequency of meat adulteration including intentional horse meat contamination, necessitating a broader use of meat authentication testing. As existing methods for meat speciation are cumbersome and require specialized equipment and/or training, we developed a highly specific lateral flow immunoassay that can rapidly identify raw and cooked horse meat down to 0.01% and 1.0% contamination, respectively in xenogeneic meat sources in about 35 min with no false positive signals observed. Specificity analysis revealed no cross-reactivity with serum albumins or meat derived from chicken, turkey, pig, cow, lamb, and goat. The results of method comparison showed that the assay had similar if not better sensitivity than the commercial ELISA kit and PCR, and required considerably less time to perform than either method. The development of a highly robust and rapid test method capable of detecting trace amounts of horse meat residues should aid food control authorities in their continued efforts to monitor for horse meat adulteration.  相似文献   

3.
井地联合地震勘探技术研究   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
垂直地震剖面(VSP)在求取地层参数(大地吸收衰减系数、速度、VTI和HTI介质参数)、时深转换与标定以及储层波场描述方面具有优势;地面地震则具有观测系统灵活均匀、成像孔径大、宏观地质解释能力强的优势。因此,井地联合地震勘探技术被视为未来地震勘探和油藏地球物理的重要发展方向之一。通过本次东部火成岩裂缝储层的VSP(零偏VSP,Walkaway VSP和160级三维VSP观测)与全方位地面地震观测的井地联合地震研究表明,基于VSP驱动的地面地震数据提高分辨率处理是有益的,但参数求取方法和近地表空间影响的消除需深入研究;基于VSP驱动的三维速度场的建立也存在一些问题需要研究;基于WVSP和三维VSP求取的VTI和HTI参数有效,并且对于驱动全方位地面地震数据的VTI处理、裂缝预测和叠前反演是有益的。最终通过基于VSP驱动的地面地震数据处理和消除近地表影响的相对保持储层振幅、频率、相位和波形的处理,以及处理过程中的质量监控,获得了火成岩裂缝储层的地质信息和火成岩相带精细解释结果。  相似文献   

4.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Thai fermented meat and fish products were isolated. From a total of 93 samples, 152 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were obtained. Antimicrobial activity screening was performed using the agar spot test and the agar well diffusion method. Of the six isolates which produced antimicrobial activities against Weissella confusa N31, only isolate N23 was identified as Weissella cibaria (GenBank accession number AB494716.1) with 99% similarity by 16S rDNA sequence analyses. Complete inactivation of antimicrobial activity produced by W. cibaria N23 was observed after treatment of the bacteriocins with trypsin, actinase, protease XIII, ficin, trypsin from porcine pancreas, α-chymotrypsin and pepsin. In addition, the inhibitory activities were not affected by the addition of catalase. Taken together, these results confirmed that the inhibitory compounds produced by this strain were proteinaceous in nature and possessed typical characteristics of bacteriocins. The highest yield of bacteriocin produced by W. cibaria N23 was recorded at 20 h. The bacteriocin N23 remained stable after 2 h of incubation at pH values between 2.0 and 8.0, and also for 15 min at 121 °C. The bacteriocin produced by W. cibaria N23 was found to have a narrow antibacterial spectrum, being able to inhibit only W. confusa N31. In addition, bacteriocin N23 did not adhere to the surface of the producer cells. The results produced from this study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge and enhance the databases of bacteriocin-producing Weissella.  相似文献   

5.
    
Detection of horse DNA by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) seems one of the most promising methods to meet the criteria of fast, robust, cost efficient, specific, and sensitive on-site detection. In the present study an assessment of the specificity and sensitivity of the LAMP horse screening assay was made and outcomes were compared with the EURL-AP (European Union Reference laboratory for Animal Proteins in feeding stuffs) qPCR method. The specificity was tested with DNA samples from seven other species. The sensitivity of the LAMP assay was subsequently challenged with different percentages of horse DNA in cattle DNA and different percentages of horse meat in cattle meat. Both qPCR and LAMP were able to reliably detect horse DNA or meat below 0.1%, but LAMP was able to do so in less than 30 min. The DNA of other species did not result in a response in the LAMP horse assay. These features show that the LAMP method is fast, specific, and sensitive. Next, 69 processed meat samples were screened for the presence of horse DNA. The results showed that the LAMP horse assay, combined with a simple and fast on-site DNA extraction method, results in similar outcomes as the EURL-AP qPCR method and is thus a promising screening assay to be used outside the laboratory. Only samples that are screened on-site as suspect in the LAMP horse assay, need to be brought to the laboratory for confirmation with the more laborious EURL-AP qPCR reference method.  相似文献   

6.
单一的地震勘探不能满足所有地质地形条件下的油气勘探开发需求,试验证明与非地震勘探方法尤其是电磁法的联合应用可以有效提高钻井成功率,而对带地形三维可控源电磁法的正反演研究可以有效克服地形对勘探结果的影响,进一步提高勘探精度。采用基于二次电场的有限差分方法进行三维正演,与前人有限元大地电磁计算的经典地质模型在远区卡尼吉亚视电阻率正演方法相比,结果基本一致,证明该正演算法的可靠性和准确性;应用非线性共轭梯度(NLCG)方法进行三维反演,提出并使用初值优化方法,能减少每次反演迭代所需时间,从而提高反演效率。带地形的地质模型反演结果表明:反演的地下电阻率模型能够较好地还原异常体的形态和位置;初值优化方法能够明显缩短反演时间,为三维反演的实用化带来可能。  相似文献   

7.
常规的三维块匹配(BM3D)算法在地震资料降噪处理中具有较好的效果,但在实际处理中因无法得到噪声先验信息,通常难以确定所需的滤波阈值等相关参数。为此,提出了一种基于曲波噪声估计的BM3D地震资料去噪方法。首先利用曲波变换估计地震资料的噪声方差,再通过改进的BM3D去噪算法自适应地选取合适的阈值参数并完成去噪处理。理论模型与实际资料的处理结果表明,所提算法与常规的BM3D去噪算法和曲波变换去噪算法相比,能在很好地去除随机噪声的同时更好地保护有效信号,且在去噪过程中对边界反射的细节信息保持较好,计算效率较高,在实际资料处理中得到良好的效果。  相似文献   

8.
Adsorption of U(VI) from Egyptian crude phosphoric acid was studied using the modified Amberlite XAD-2 resin. Modification process was performed by soaking Amberlite XAD-2 resin in tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) and di-2-ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) for increasing its adsorption capacity via equilibrium batch technique. For this purpose, different effective parameters such as: a dose of adsorbent, contact time, temperature, phosphoric acid concentration, and initial uranium (VI) concentration were investigated. The maximum sorption capacity by the modified resin achieved 67?mg?g?1 of U (VI). Sorption of U (VI) follows both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Not less than 93% of the U (VI) uptaken by the modified Amberlite XAD-2 resin was desorbed using 1?mol?L?1 NaCl?+?0.1?mol?L?1 H2SO4.  相似文献   

9.
The presence and amount of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in four types of commonly consumed well-done grilled meat (Kebab) in Tehran restaurants. The main goal was to assess the hazard potential of grilled meat prepared in Tehran restaurants and to determine the contributions of fuel and meat types on concentrations of PAHs in Kebabs. Based on the results, the total PAHs concentration was in the range from 7.37 to 17.94 μg kg−1. The differences in PAHs concentrations were found to be significant between charcoal and gas-grilled samples as well as between different meat types. The highest and lowest concentrations of PAHs were detected in charcoal grilled chicken wings and gas grilled chicken meat respectively. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), one of the main indicators for the occurrence of PAHs in food, was detected in all the samples in the range of 0.28–5.81 μg kg−1. In addition, four samples exceeded the maximum acceptable limit for BaP established by the European Commission.  相似文献   

10.
准噶尔盆地叠后地震资料随机噪声压制主要采用三维空间预测滤波(FXY)方法。由于假设同相轴在短距离内是线性的,因此该方法在提高强能量信号信噪比的同时,也会损伤相对弱小信号,模糊断层和裂缝等线性相关性较差的地质体的信号特征。为此,基于GeoEast系统研发了利用三维各向异性拉普拉斯滤波的随机噪声压制方法。模型试验和在准噶尔盆地不同地区的实际资料应用结果均表明,本文方法对随机噪声的压制效果优于FXY方法,能明显提高地震资料信噪比、较好地保护有效信号、清晰展现地质体边缘特征细节及提高断层成像精度,为后续储层反演和精细地震资料解释夯实了基础。  相似文献   

11.
从麦克斯韦方程组出发,利用双重傅里叶变换和矢量势函数,详细推导出了层状各向异性介质中任意取向电偶源的电磁场计算公式,利用汉克尔数值滤波方法计算得到电磁场,并验证了算法的正确性和精度.有限长电偶源不能作为电偶极子源计算其电磁场响应,尤其是在收发距较小的情况下,可以采用积分法或者将有限长电偶源剖分成足够多的电偶极子源计算其电磁响应后累加得到有限长电偶源的电磁响应.针对海底油气模型,分析了覆盖层和油气层的垂向电阻率在不同姿态发射源下电磁场的变化情况,发现覆盖层和油气层的垂向电阻率对水平电场有很大影响,且轴向装置要比赤道装置受覆盖层和油气层垂向电阻率的影响大.  相似文献   

12.
基于地震反射信号在空间-频率或存在线性预测关系这一事实,可导出F-X-Y域全三维预测去噪方法。在三维地震资料处理中,这是校理想的一种叠后随机噪声衰减技术。由于在信号估计中充分利用了全三维信息,与二维方法相比,信号估计精度更高,噪声衰减能力增强。本文较详细地推导了方法原理,给出程序实现步骤,并展示了理论试算与实际资料处理结果。  相似文献   

13.
为满足精细勘探对地震成像的要求,野外地震采集单炮数据的规模持续增大,基于单GPU的逆时偏移策略不再满足需要。为此,本文在地震数据区域分解基础上,研究并形成了多GPU协同快速计算方法,实现了任意规模三维地震数据的叠前逆时偏移成像。数值试验表明,多块GPU卡协同叠前逆时偏移算法的整体效率较高,达到工业化应用的水平。对中国西部多块三维实际地震资料的处理表明,该方法不仅成像精度高,且计算效率也高。  相似文献   

14.
Ten wells (EW-4, EW-5, EW-6, EW-7, EW-8, EW-9, EW-10, EW-12, EW-13 and EW-15) were interpreted using the composite well logs, data of core analysis, gamma-ray logs, formation micro-imager logs (FMI), and 3D seismic data in SEGY format to understand the stratigraphy of the onshore, Nile Delta, Egypt.The amplitude analysis of 3-D seismic horizon slice of Lower Abu Madi rock unit together with the lithostratigraphic correlation through the study area depending on the gamma-ray log “HSGR” (left to right increasing), and the identification of type of bed geometry, nature of bed contacts, type of the sedimentary structures and the dominant formative paleocurrents by using some available borehole micro-resistivity images (FMI) and core photos. All of these techniques are used together to define the different depositional facies and depositional environment of the Messinian clastics (Lower Abu Madi rock unit), which is considered to be the main reservoir in the El-Wastani gas field, onshore Nile Delta, Egypt.The present study of depositional pattern of the Upper Miocene clastics reservoir (Lower Abu Madi rock unit) revealed that it is represented by high sinuous meandering channels or paleo-valley and three types of fluvial facies were defined; channel fill, channel margin, and floodplain basin.  相似文献   

15.
基于电场的可控源电磁三维有限元正演模拟早期主要采用节点有限元法,但因存在伪解问题而影响求解效率和精度;避免出现伪解的有效手段之一是采用基于棱边元的矢量有限元法,该方法近年在电磁三维模拟中逐步得到应用推广。为了更具体地了解两种方法在三维电磁正演中的实际应用效果,开展了两种方法的对比试验。首先从边值问题的建立进行讨论,之后分别通过一个水平层状介质模型和单一低阻体模型对两种方法的正演结果及效率进行比较。实际模拟结果表明:同等条件下,矢量有限元法计算精度更高,但其计算速度较节点有限元法约慢一半。  相似文献   

16.
本文基于非结构化的三角单元网格的自适应有限元法进行各向异性介质的正演模拟,其优势在于对起伏地形和复杂地质构造的模拟,采用自适应策略的网格剖分在满足计算精度的前提下尽量减少了计算量;反演运用基于高斯牛顿法改进的Occam算法,在对初始条件要求不高的前提下能快速地搜索拉格朗日乘子、减少模型的搜索量。对一维VTI介质模型和经典二维各向异性海洋油气藏模型进行了正演计算,验证了程序的计算精度和效率;对海底起伏地形各向异性模型进行了反演计算,该算法能够比较准确地还原海底各向同性的围岩、基岩异常体的电阻率以及各向异性异常体的埋藏情况。最后对实测数据进行了反演,进一步验证了算法的可行性。  相似文献   

17.
时频电磁法(TFEM)是一种应用于油气勘探领域、探测深度较大的可控源电磁方法。本文以Q地区探测目标地层为模型,基于探区噪声分析,对地质目标进行三维模拟,分析目标体电磁异常特征及规律,并对TFEM采集参数的设计进行了研究与分析。提出了等腰梯形区域测网布设、测点信号平衡的接收系统设计方法,以及基于目标异常对比分析的发射系统优化设计,同时提出针对目标的激发周期和叠加次数设置的激发参数设计方法,为TFEM勘探采集设计提供科学的借鉴和参考。  相似文献   

18.
地震裂缝综合预测技术在川西致密砂岩储层中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
川西BMM地区侏罗系沙溪庙组储层为河流相低孔低渗致密砂岩,裂缝控制了储层的储渗空间和井的产能。针对研究区为窄方位三维P波地震数据,直接用于地震裂缝检测存在的不足,提出了解决这一问题的实用处理方法。在各向异性理论和实际井资料合成的方位AVO理论记录指导下,从三维方位数据体中提取地震波反射振幅、速度和高频衰减参数,并利用其方位变化特征来预测裂缝各向异性。为了消除岩性横向变化对裂缝检测的不利影响,减少多解性,从沉积相分析入手,描述河流的空间分布,利用砂岩和泥岩伽马值的差异,通过反演技术,建立砂岩储层的空间分布模式,然后进一步估计砂体的裂缝发育情况以及含流体性。预测效果获得了新钻井的验证,取得了很好的经济效益。  相似文献   

19.
传统的二维随机噪声压制方法应用于三维地震数据的随机噪声压制时,去噪效果往往不理想,为此提出基于稀疏冗余表示的压制三维地震数据随机噪声的方法.该方法在贝叶斯框架下,通过正交匹配追踪(OMP)和K-奇异值分解(K-SVD)不断迭代更新三维稀疏矩阵和三维超完备离散余弦变换(DCT)字典,利用三维超完备DCT字典作为三维地震数据的稀疏冗余表示,使三维地震数据中随机噪声得到压制.三维模拟数据和实际地震数据试算表明:与常规f-x反褶积法和K-L变换法相比,该方法既提高了三维地震数据体的信噪比,又有效地保护了地震反射信号,而且水平切片的连续性和平滑性很好,构造复杂区域的分辨率也得到提高.  相似文献   

20.
传统的吸收边界条件只对有限入射角和有限频率范围内的波具有很好的吸收效果,而在有效吸收范围外的边界反射将对数值模拟结果造成污染。为此,在2.5维声波数值模拟中引入完全匹配层吸收边界条件,并提出了一种完全匹配层构建新方法。该方法将完全匹配层构建在研究区域的右边界和下边界的外部,同时改变相应的衰减因子,使之关于完全匹配层的中心呈对称分布。在采用有限差分法计算波场时,将完全匹配层外边界的网格点与相应的研究区域边界的网格点连接起来,使波在传入完全匹配层之后又传入到研究区域中。由于完全匹配层良好的吸收效果,波在完全匹配层中被完全吸收,基本不会再传入到研究区域。在构建相同数量的完全匹配层的情况下,完全匹配层构建新方法使波在传播过程中比以往的构建方法多通过一倍的完全匹配层介质,从而提高了对边界反射的吸收效果。通过均匀速度模型和Marmousi速度模型证实,完全匹配层构建新方法对边界反射的吸收效果较好。  相似文献   

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