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以TiO2(P25)、 Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、 Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,通过一步溶剂热法合成可磁分离的ZnFe2O4-TiO2/还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)复合材料。采用UV-Vis、 Raman、 XRD、 SEM和EDS对ZnFe2O4-TiO2/rGO复合材料进行表征,并研究不同rGO比例的ZnFe2O4-TiO2/rGO对模拟染料废水亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化降解性能。GO在溶剂热反应过程中,被还原成rGO。由于ZnFe2O4和rGO的加入,不仅使ZnFe2O4-TiO2/rGO实现对可见光的吸收,而且使其具有磁性,便于分离和回收利用。当GO质量分数为5wt%时, ZnFe2O4-TiO2/rGO显现出对MB最佳的光催化活性, 60 min光照后的降解率达到99.1%。通过光催化活性物种捕获实验得出ZnFe2O4-TiO2/rGO复合材料降解MB的过程中,活性物种主要为·OH和·O2-, TiO2导带(CB)中的光生电子(e+)转移到ZnFe2O4的价带(VB),遵循Z型转移机制。光催化剂稳定性实验表明, ZnFe2O4-TiO2/rGO复合材料具有优越的稳定性,可作为太阳光照射下降解有机染料的光催化剂。 相似文献
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利用水热法成功合成了纯ZnFe2O4和不同含量Ni掺杂Zn1-xNixFe2O4纳米颗粒。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线能量色散分析(XEDS)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等测试技术研究掺杂浓度对Zn1-xNixFe2O4(x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5)样品的晶体结构、形貌、光学性能和磁学性能的影响。结果表明:所制备的Zn1-xNixFe2O4纳米颗粒结晶良好,Ni2+以替代Zn2+的形式掺杂到ZnFe2O4晶格中,生成立方尖晶石结构ZnFe2O4。随着Ni含量的增加,晶粒尺寸增大,晶格常数发生收缩。样品的形貌呈不规则的椭球形,且颗粒大小比较均匀。红外光谱的吸收峰位置并没有随Ni掺杂浓度的增加而变化。Zn1-xNixFe2O4纳米晶的光学带隙随Ni掺杂浓度增加而增大,与相应块体相比发生蓝移。在室温下,纯ZnFe2O4纳米晶呈现超顺磁性,掺杂样品具有明显的铁磁性。 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四丁酯、硝酸铈为主要原料,无水乙醇为溶剂,冰醋酸为抑制剂,浓硝酸为催化剂制得稳定的Ce3+掺杂TiO2溶胶,其凝胶经不同温度煅烧3 h后制得Ce3+掺杂量不同的TiO2粉体。用XRD对TiO2进行了测试对比分析,以紫外光为光源,亚甲基蓝溶液为模拟有机染料废水,研究了TiO2的光催化性能。用化学共沉淀法制备了具有强磁性的纳米Fe3O4水基磁流体,再与Ce3+掺杂TiO2进行复合,制备了Fe3O4负载量不同的磁性Ce3+掺杂TiO2,研究了其对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解效果、磁分离回收率的影响。结果表明,TiO2凝胶热处理温度、Ce3+掺量、TiO2晶型及Fe3O4负载量对亚甲基蓝的光催化活性均有影响。掺Ce3+量为1%,热处理温度650℃的Ce3+掺杂TiO2粉体光催化活性最高。Fe3O4负载量为10%的Fe3O4/Ce3+-TiO2对亚甲基蓝的降解率8 h时达到90.3%,磁分离回收率达96.8%。 相似文献
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溶胶-凝胶制备SnO2/TiO2复合材料及其性能研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了SnO2/TiO2复合光催化剂.以钛酸丁脂(Ti(C4H9O)4)为前驱体,冰醋酸为螯合剂,通过水解缩聚反应制备纳米TiO2,掺杂不同比例(n(SnO2)/n(TiO2)分别为1%、2.5%、5%)的SnO2对纳米TiO2进行改性,并对1%掺杂的粉体样品进行了不同温度(350~550℃)的焙烧处理.采用浸渍提拉法制备了1%(n(SnO2)/n(TiO2))掺杂的纳米SnO2/TiO2膜.运用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)及光吸收等手段,研究了不同掺杂量、热处理温度及光照时间对TiO2相变和光催化活性的影响.研究结果表明,350℃焙烧时,1%(n(SnO2)/n(TiO2))掺杂的粉体样品出现了合适比例的锐钛矿型和金红石型的混晶结构,具有较高的光催化效率,可达96.55%.而1%(n(SnO2)/n(TiO2))掺杂的纳米SnO2/TiO2光催化膜晶粒尺寸在20~30nm左右,光催化效率为79.6%,低于相同掺杂含量的纳米SnO2/TiO2掺杂光催化剂粉体. 相似文献
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采用静电纺丝法和热处理工艺制备了纳米碳纤维负载掺杂1.5%(摩尔分数)Sm的纳米Ti O2复合材料(Sm-Ti O2/CNFs),利用SEM、EDX、TEM、FTIR和XRD对其组成和结构进行了表征,并以甲基橙为降解对象,考察了Sm-Ti O2/CNFs复合材料在紫外光照射下对甲基橙的光催化降解效果。结果表明,掺杂Sm3+的Ti O2以锐钛矿晶型均匀分散在碳纳米纤维的表面和内部,质量分数为20%左右;相对于未掺杂的Ti O2/CNFs样品,Sm-Ti O2/CNFs的光催化活性提高约37%。 相似文献
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采用溶胶.凝胶法制备了负载型复合半导体光催化材料ZnFe2O4-TiO2/SiO2,并通过DTA-TG、XRD、XPS、Raman、TPR及UV-Vis DRS等实验技术对复合材料的晶体结构、表面组成及光响应性能进行了表征和评价.结果表明:ZnFe2O4晶相以高分散状态存在于光催化材料的表面;ZnFe2O4与TiO2复合可使部分Fe^3+进入体相TiO2的晶格中,促进其由锐钛矿向金红石的相转变,同时表面剩余的少量Zn计聚集形成ZnO物相;TiO2的相变由体相开始,随着ZnFe2O4含量的增加逐渐向表面扩展;SiO2的加入使活性组分更加分散,TiO2平均粒径〈10nm;ZnFe2O4的加入明显拓宽了TiO2的吸光域,并增强了对可见光的吸收. 相似文献
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Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state. 相似文献
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Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·104 N/m2 and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8. 相似文献
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We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO2. 相似文献
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C. Bersier E. P. Stoll P. F. Meier T. A. Claxton 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2002,15(5):399-402
First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions. 相似文献
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A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass. 相似文献
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I. R. Shein S. L. Skornyakov V. I. Anisimov A. L. Ivanovskii 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2014,27(1):155-161
The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr2Si2-type phases CaPd2As2 and SrPd2As2 in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg2Si2-type phase BaPd2As2. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg2Si2- and ThCr2Si2-type polymorphs of BaPd2As2. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd2As2] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E F) increase in the sequence: CaPd2As2 < SrPd2As2 < BaPd2As2, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T C. Thus, the change in T C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T C~N(E F). Most likely the decrease in T C in the sequence CaPd2As2 → SrPd2As2 and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd2As2 are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism. 相似文献
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本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O 相似文献