基于多尺度结构特征的快速异源图像匹配

针对异源图像提出一种基于多尺度密集结构特征的快速匹配算法。算法首先利用Gabor滤波器逐像素提取图像中的结构响应,再根据主方向响应对多尺度结构特征融合,然后使用快速傅里叶变换在频域计算各特征分量图像之间的卷积,最后将卷积生成的系数矩阵求和计算出图像之间的相似性并选择相似性最大位置作为匹配结果输出。本文算法能有效适应异源图像间的非线性灰度变化和噪声干扰问题。测试使用可见光、红外、雷达图像组成的异源图像数据集对本文算法和现有算法进行测试比较,结果表明:本文算法的平均误匹配率最低,并且计算速度有明显优势。     

适应于大幅面图像的快速匹配算法研究

基于特征的图像匹配算法具有更广的适用范围和更好的性能表现,但因为其算法更加复杂,使其很难满足实时性,尤其当图像尺寸变大后,这一缺点更加限制了此类算法在实际工程中的应用。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种新的用于大幅面图像的快速匹配算法。算法采用空域分割和频域压缩的方式对图像进行预处理。通过提取目标图中高频信息丰富的区域作为待匹配子图,减小用于匹配的目标图像尺寸;通过小波变换提取源图尺度空间的高尺度表示,压缩SIFT特征点在图像频域中的存在空间。算法采用由粗到细的匹配策略,粗定位待匹配子图在源图中的空间区域后,再次进行细匹配操作,最终实现大幅面图像间的快速匹配。仿真实验表明,新提出的算法极大地提高了大图像匹配的速度,在对部分算法模块进行硬件加速后,新提出的算法甚至可以满足实时性的要求。      

基于二维局域波和角点匹配的多模态图像配准

目前多模态图像配准研究是现代图像处理的一个热点。提出了一种基于二维局域波分解后剩余图像和角点检测的自动点匹配的多模态图像配准方法。首先通过理论分析得出通过求解剩余图像之间的变换参数即可获得原始图像之间的变换参数,从而论证了二维局域波应用于多模态图像配准的可行性,提出了一个新的基于Harris角点检测的高精度自动点匹配算法。该算法充分利用了图像的角点特征以及图像灰度和位置信息,匹配过程中采用圆形模板进行相似度计算和松弛匹配。实验表明,该算法可以精确的自动匹配,其精度优于传统的点匹配算法。     

利用特征点配准和变换参数自动辨识的图像拼接算法

提出了一种不同尺度的图像配准与自适应拼接算法.通过特征点匹配与图像间变换几何参数的自动辨识,实现了不同尺度和旋转图像间的匹配和拼舍.利用尺度不变特征点提取算法(SIFT)提取出待拼接图像的特征点,根据互信息量最大原则实现特征点的匹配,然后通过得到的匹配对的几何信息自动辨识出两幅图像之间的变换参数关系,得到反映图像平移、...     

基于特征点的微波遥感图像自动配准算法

图像配准是图像处理工作（图像融合、图像镶嵌等）的核心技术。本文提出了一种有效的遥感图像自动配准算法,该算法采用改进的Harris 算子提取角点特征,利用待配准图像之间的灰度相关性进行粗匹配,然后运用虚拟三角形对全等的准则进行精匹配得到最终的匹配角点,最后通过这些角点求得刚体变换模型参数。实验结果表明：该算法是正确和有效的。     

基于相关面特征的多子区异谱图像匹配算法

为实现用于异谱图像之间的精确匹配,提出一种基于相关面特征的多子区关系约束匹配算法。首先在实时图上选择出边缘信息丰富的区域作为待匹配子区,然后进行相关匹配,分析相关面特征找到符合形态特征的多个个局部最大值位置,将各子区位置关系作为约束条件对得到的局部最大值位置进行聚类,对匹配结果进行综合和可信度判断。试验表明,该方法可有效提高多子区相关匹配方法的性能,具有更高的匹配概率和更好的图像尺度和旋转适应性。     

基于自适应加权方法的复值SAR图像的频域压缩改进算法

该文提出了一种基于自适应加权方法的复值SAR图像的频域压缩改进算法。该算法在原有频域压缩算法的基础上采用了自适应的加权方法,在低压缩比(20:1)的情况下能够很好地保留原始数据图像的特征,是一种有效的复值SAR图像的压缩算法。复值空域相关系数指标评估,以及原始数据、重建数据的幅度图对比和两幅数据图像之间的相关系数图都验证了算法的有效性。     

基于光流法和颜色概率分布的特征点匹配

为了解决图像特征点精确匹配的难题,提出一种基于光流法图像配准和颜色概率分布匹配的特征点匹配算法,能在图像产生大的形变和光照变化的情况下精确匹配到对应特征点.首先,定义一个5D空间,并用一组参数来表示特征点区域在待匹配图像中产生的位移、旋转、缩放等形变信息,通过这组参数能对特征区域在两幅图像间进行转换映射;其次,通过结合以上提到的两种匹配算法采用M估计法迭代更新这组参数得到更近似的特征区域模型,以达到更精确的匹配要求.实验证明这里提出的光流法和颜色概率分布结合的特征点匹配算法效果尤佳,出现误匹配很少,精度也很高.     

基于区域模板相关的图像匹配方法研究

传统的图像相关匹配方法是利用求取对应像素灰度的相关性进行图像之间的相似度量的。由于参考图和实测图之间存在着灰度差异、模糊、噪声以及局部遮挡等,这就使得仅依靠图像灰度相关进行匹配的算法性能受到影响。基于图像分割后的区域是比像素灰度更高一级的图像表述,利用势函数聚类自适应多阈值图像分割技术,提出了一种对图像的加权区域模板相关匹配的算法。这种算法建立了一种目标区域隶属度的相关度量方法。试验结果表明了该算法在多种图像变形情况下的有效性。     

一种新的基于多频谱叠加的图像配准算法

针对现有频域法FFT和PPFFT对于大倍率图像配准精度和计算效率难以同时保证的问题,研究了一种基于多重频谱叠加的频域算法,为最大限度减小插值误差噪声,该算法采用多分辨率频谱插值,构造出更接近对数极坐标网格。文中给出分辨率参数设置和算法流程。最后通过算例验证,结果表明:本算法对无裁减图像最大配准倍率可至10,对裁减图像可至5,而FFT和PPFFT(无迭代)对于两种类型图像都约为2;相对于特征点匹配法,本算法也适用于更大倍率的图像配准,从而验证了该算法的准确性和可行性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.