基于软件加权网络的软件结构复杂性度量

软件结构复杂性问题一直备受关注。随着软件规模的不断增大,传统的度量方法已很难适应软件的发展。为了有效地度量软件结构复杂性,以复杂网络理论为基础,分析软件加权网络的强度和紧密度特征参数之间的关系,并统计软件样本集的总体特征量。首先选取特征值较大的软件,研究其对应的软件加权网络中强度和紧密度数值较大的节点。然后对比分析排序差别较大的节点的属性和功能。最后评价两种软件结构复杂性度量方法,得出用强度可以度量软件局部结构的复杂性,紧密度能够度量软件整体结构的复杂性。     

基于复杂网络的大型软件系统度量

随着软件系统规模的不断增大,如何度量面向对象大规模软件系统成为一个亟待解决的问题.近年来迅速发展的复杂网络理论为解决该问题提供了一个新的视角.介绍了大规模软件系统中的复杂网络现象,从元素级、模块级、网络级3个不同的粒度提出基于复杂网络的软件系统的各种度量;实现了大型Java程序复杂网络描述和度量工具JPAC.JPAC可用于分析大型Java系统的结构,并计算基于复杂网络的各度量值.     

面向对象软件度量工具的软件结构

利用软件度量工具度量程序源码的各类质量属性是提高程序质量的一个重要方法．目前,面向对象语言已逐渐成为主流编程语言,度量基于对象技术的软件成为必然的需求．然而,由于面向对象语言数目众多,许多面向对象语言又都在发展中,用户所需要的度量也不尽相同,各种分散的需求对度量工具的灵活性与通用性提出了挑战．首先给出了一个适用于ＯＯ语言软件度量工具的一个灵活的软件结构,然后在分析了各类软件度量的基础上,解析了该结     

基于抽样的复杂网络可靠性度量算法

提出了一种基于抽样技术的算法ABS,通过分析从大型复杂网络中抽样所得到的样本网络,推导出大型复杂网络的可靠性度量参数,同时还给出这些参数的 Bootstrap 置信区间.大量的实验表明,ABS 算法在估算大型复杂网络的可靠性度量参数方面是有效的、可行的.     

浅析复杂软件的网络结点影响

复杂软件结构可以看作是一个有向网络图,该有向网络图的网络结点为软件系统的某种粒度单元,比如包、类、组件等都可以称为网络结点,他们之间的依赖关系就构成了整个软件网络。本文对软件网络做了简要介绍,研究和分析了软件依赖关系及其统计特性,并对网络结点在复杂软件中的影响进行了分析,最后提出了软件网络关键结点这一概念。     

复杂软件的级联故障建模

软件复杂性的增加直接导致软件故障的复杂性增加.从系统科学的角度出发,采用复杂网络等方法和技术在整体上研究复杂软件的级联故障特性是研究软件质量的一个新视角.以函数为节点、以调用关系为边,提出了使用有向边和边权表述函数间的调用关系和紧密程度的拓扑模型.通过引入函数容错能力和软件故障强度建立复杂软件的级联故障模型,模拟软件运...     

面向对象类的复杂性的度量方法

简要分析了已有的几种面向对象软件复杂性度量方法,指出了这些方法在反映类复杂性方面存在的不足,运用软件复杂性分解的思想,提出了一种新的类复杂性度量方法。该方法将类复杂性分解为类成员复杂性、类成员关系复杂性和封装复杂性三个复杂性分量,对各分量分别度量,进而得出总复杂性。其中,类成员复杂性采用类所实现的成员的复杂性SIMC、类接口复杂性之和SCIC反映;类成员关系复杂性通过对文中提出的伪二部图进行分析反映;封装复杂性采用成员可见率反映。最后,通过实例验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

灰色系统理论下复杂网络可靠性度量挖掘方法

针对传统的网络可靠度挖掘精确度较低,且过程较为复杂的问题,提出一种灰色系统理论下复杂网络可靠性度量挖掘方法,首先利用优化、动态优化、量化、因素分析以及思想开发构建灰色系统理论模型,并计算复杂网络的广播与单播模式的连通可靠度,再通过周期数据延时所确定的可靠度、周期数据的正确可靠度、非周期数据的延时确认可靠度、非周期数据的...     

一种基于UML的类复杂性度量方法

一、简介自从面向对象的分析与设计方法问世以来,由于其拥有众多的优点,已经得到了广泛的应用。面向对象的分析与设计方法与传统的软件开发方法有许多不同之处,在软件开发过程、分析与设计技术、度量以及测试和维护方面都存在很大的差异。软件产品的度量一直是软件工程研究人员研究的一个热点问题。对软件产品进行度量可以让我们对项目开发的进度,开发成本等方面有一个定量的认识。软件产品复杂性的度量是软件度量的一个重要方面,它直接关系到软件开发费用的多少,开发周期的长短和软件内部潜伏错误的多少,同时它还间接度量了软件产品的可理解性。此外复杂性度量可以为我们的测试和维护工作的安排提供一个依据。例如,对于复杂性较高的模块我们应该投入更大的精力去测试和维护,对于     

分层抽样的无标度复杂网络可靠性度量算法

针对大型无标度复杂网络的幂律分布特性,提出了一种基于分层抽样技术的算法SSBA,通过分析样本网络推导出大型无标度复杂网络的可靠性度量参数,并给出这些参数的Bootstrap置信区间。大量的实验表明,SSBA算法能有效估算出大型无标度复杂网络的可靠性度量参数。     

Applications of information theory to software engineering measurement

In the 1990s, there is an emphasis on finding ways to lower software cost and improve quality. Thus, it is very important to quantify and measure factors, such as software complexity, which have been shown to affect cost and quality. Researchers have defined many software complexity measures, and have exploited them to identify fault-prone program modules, to predict the number of faults that testing and operation will reveal, or to assess maintainability. Information theory based software measures are attractive because they quantify, with a standard unit, the amount of information in an abstraction of a program. The unit of measure is a bit. The purpose of this paper is to survey the state of the art of applications of information theory to software measurement, beginning in 1972. Information theory based measures have been applied to most phases of the development lifecycle. However, there have been relatively few papers. Most measures have not been empirically validated. One can conclude that the field is in its infancy. Relevant concepts of information theory are briefly described, and tables summarize the references from various perspectives. Since the amount of research, thus far, has been very limited, researchers will find numerous opportunities to validate, refine, and improve the measures presented here. Such research should give future practitioners useful software measures for each phase of the lifecycle.     

基于复杂网络的软件测试路径聚类分析

为了在保证覆盖率的前提下,减少测试用例数量,提高测试效率,提出一种基于复杂网络的软件测试路径生成算法。首先提出软件系统加权复杂网络模型中节点权值的计算方法,建立了复杂网络模型,然后根据软件运行时的不确定性,建立函数调用的模糊相似矩阵,并利用相似矩阵结构分解算法对其进行变换,对测试路径进行聚类分析得到测试路径的划分。分析Linux的7个文件,经过聚类分析后平均节约了17.46%的测试路径。理论分析和实例证明,方法简单可行。     

基于复杂网络的本体结构复杂性分析

目前关于本体复杂性的研究,还没有比较系统和全面的方法。从本体概念模型的结构特点出发,将其与复杂网络的结构进行类比,借鉴复杂网络研究的研究方法和性质参数对本体结构进行研究,并选取生物学领域应用较广的GO本体作为样本,对其平均路径长度、度分布和簇系数等参数进行统计和分析,结果表明其具有无标度特性而不具有小世界特性。     

基于CMMI的软件测试过程度量研究

对软件测试过程的度量能够提高软件测试的有效性,保证软件的质量.通过CMMI与软件测试、度量的分析,提出了基于CMMI的软件测试过程模型,并以此为基础对软件测试过程度量元的有效选取进行了研究.建立了CMMI与GQM的映射关系模型,提出了度量元的选取原则,以一个应用案例证明了研究结果的可行性.     

一种优化的面向对象软件复杂性度量方法

首先结合面向对象技术特性,对面向对象软件类级别的CK度量方法和系统级别的MOOD度量方法进行了分析,并就CK度量提出了优化的度量方法OCK。然后结合OCK度量和MOOD度量的优点提出了较优化的面向对象软件复杂性度量方法OSCM。OSCM度量可以有效地弥补CK度量和MOOD度量的不足,优化度量结果。     

Refactoring software packages via community detection in complex software networks

An intrinsic property of software in a real-world environment is its need to evolve, which is usually accompanied by the increase of software complexity and deterioration of software quality, making software maintenance a tough problem. Refactoring is regarded as an effective way to address this problem. Many refactoring approaches at the method and class level have been proposed. But the research on software refactoring at the package level is very little. This paper presents a novel approach to refactor the package structures of object oriented software. It uses software networks to represent classes and their dependencies. It proposes a constrained community detection algorithm to obtain the optimized community structures in software networks, which also correspond to the optimized package structures. And it finally provides a list of classes as refactoring candidates by comparing the optimized package structures with the real package structures. The empirical evaluation of the proposed approach has been performed in two open source Java projects, and the benefits of our approach are illustrated in comparison with the other three approaches.     

Investigating ARIMA models of software system quality

In this paper, we investigate how to incorporate program complexity measures with a software quality model. We collect software complexity metrics and fault counts from each build during the testing phase of a large commercial software system. Though the data are limited in quantity, we are able to predict the number of faults in the next build. The technique we used is called times series analysis and forecasting. The methodology assumes that future predictions are based on the history of past observations. We will show that the combined complexity quality model is an improvement over the simpler quality only model. Finally, we explore how the testing process used in this development may be improved by using these predictions and suggest areas for future research.     

面向对象软件的技术度量

软件度量学是软件工程领域的一个重要研究方向。通过软件度量,可以改进软件的体系结构,采用合适的软件开发过程,从而降低软件开发的成本,提高软件开发的效率,保证软件能满足用户的需求,开发出高质量的软件。分析了面向对象软件度量的特点,阐述了常用的面向对象软件度量方法,并在此基础上提出了以切片为中心的度量方法。     

Definition and collection of metrics for comprehensive software measurement

The approach to defining software metrics in terms of software models such as control graphs or call graphs has two limitations. First, since a model of the software will not, by its very nature, have all the properties of the software itself, the model-based approach is not well suited as a basis for comprehensive programmes of software measurement. Secondly, although software metrics are usually well defined in terms of the software models to which they relate, the models themselves are often not well defined in terms of the source code, or other software artefact, which they purport to measure. The paper describes approaches to metric definition designed to overcome these limitations.     

A composite complexity approach for software defect modelling

An approach is proposed to develop defect models for software components based on a categorical multivariate regression analysis. This modelling technique is useful when the software components are sufficiently small so that the assumption of a continuous normally distributed defect distribution is not valid. Library unit aggregations from five Ada projects are analysed to yield a composite complexity measure which is a function of both software complexity characteristics and development environment characteristics. The probabilities of various numbers of defects are derived from this composite complexity measure. The probability distributions are used to calculate subsystem level defects which are then compared to the actual defects.