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传统的隔振器是在保证隔振效果的前提下再考虑抗冲击问题,所以一般刚度较小,冲击隔离率虽高,却容易造成较大的相对位移,而在附加限位器后,由于刚度突变,又容易引起二次冲击。建立Ruzicka抗冲系统模型,在能量守恒定律的前提下,得到传统的及Ruzicka抗冲系统的缓冲系数。结果表明,在某些参数域内,Ruzicka隔振器具有更优的抗冲性能。文中对Ruzicka抗冲系统进行无量钢化,以基础加速度半正弦波作为冲击输入,计算系统在不同参数条件下的冲击响应,得到具有较高抗冲击性能的参数域。冲击响应的计算也表明了在传统抗冲系统严重失效的情况下,Ruzicka隔振器仍然将被隔离设备的最大加速度和相对位移限制在允许的范围内。 相似文献
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对整星隔振系统的隔振效果评价指标(振动传递率、隔振器振级落差、功率流等)进行分析,通过实例证明采用隔振器底端到顶端的传递率来评价隔振效果是不充分的,而采用隔振器振级落差、功率流等指标也在实际应用中存在各自的局限性。在分析隔振器影响系数的基础上,提出一种改进的隔振器影响系数指标,并采用位移导纳表达改进的隔振器影响系数。以自行设计的新型整星隔振平台为例,采用改进的隔振器影响系数指标进行隔振效果预测,结果表明:改进的隔振器影响系数指标可以更加简单直观地表现出整星隔振平台的隔振性能。 相似文献
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利用形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,SMA)的独特性能研制合适的隔震装置是SMA在隔震领域应用的关键之一。本文利用SMA超弹性特性设计了一种超弹性SMA隔震支座;根据该支座构造及其工作原理推导了该支座的理论模型,进而建立了有限元模型,应用理论模型进行数值模拟并与有限元结果进行了对比;数值分析了SMA棒长度、SMA棒半径和SMA棒与水平向夹角等主要参数对SMA支座力学性能的影响。结果表明,本文设计的SMA隔震支座呈现出非线性滞回特性,合理调节支座各参数能够在一定程度改善支座性能 相似文献
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为提高惯导设备隔离器的防护能力,设计了一种能够大幅度卸载任意方向冲击载荷的多杆并联隔离器,并选择能以小变形承受大载荷的碟簧作为弹性元件。同时,为分析隔离器的刚度特性及其对隔离器隔振、隔冲性能的影响,进行了准静态压缩实验、振动试验和冲击试验。研究发现,随着隔冲杆中碟簧数量增加,预紧力增大,弹性元件的准零刚度特性渐强,垂向及水平向隔振能力产生不同程度的削弱。在隔冲性能上,当准零刚度特性较为明显时,试验和仿真计算得到的加速度响应峰值更大,但随冲击载荷增加,隔离率趋于稳定。最后得出,当弹性元件具有较弱的准零刚度特性时,有利于保证隔离器在复杂冲击环境下,保持较好隔振、隔冲能力,为多杆并联隔离器的优化设计提供了参考。 相似文献
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极低温度下LRB力学性能及对高层结构地震响应的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摘 要:研究极低气温(﹣40℃)下温度变化对隔震结构中铅芯橡胶支座力学性能的影响及其力学性能变化特征,及﹣40℃至40℃区间支座的温度相关性。选用直径为600 mm的原型铅芯橡胶支座,采用电液伺服加载系统完成剪切应变为100%情况不同恒定温度下的低周反复加载试验。发现支座在极低温度下的力学性能与常温下的力学性能差异显著。提出铅芯橡胶支座屈服后刚度与屈服荷载的温度修正方程,及隔震结构设计中铅芯橡胶支座基于温度的力学参数取值建议。给出考虑温度影响的隔震结构地震反应影响算例,分析结果表明温度对强震下隔震结构的隔震层位移、上部结构层间剪力以及上部结构顶层的加速度响应影响显著。 相似文献
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SMA-橡胶支座是一种可利用记忆合金超弹性滞回进行耗能的隔震装置。在概念设计的基础上,进行了SMA-橡胶支座的拟静力试验,证实了这一支座具有良好的隔震耗能特性。为了使SMA-橡胶支座的性能特点便于结构工程师所掌握,将线性最小二乘数据拟合技术和结构分析软件中常见的微分型恢复力模型用于模拟其水平力,数值计算所得到的恢复力-位移滞回曲线及支座性能参数值与试验结果吻合良好。可见,引入上述实用模拟方法有助于利用现有结构分析软件建立SMA-橡胶支座隔震单元,从而促进了这种隔震支座在实际工程中的应用。 相似文献
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Mohammed Ismail José Rodellar Gennaro Carusone Marco Domaneschi Luca Martinelli 《Acta Mechanica》2013,224(3):525-547
This paper presents the results of an extensive series of simulation tests to identify the mechanical characteristics of an innovative isolation device known as the Roll-N-Cage (RNC) isolator. The seismic performance of an RNC passive control scheme is subsequently investigated on a model of the cable-stayed bridge benchmark. Starting from different configurations studied in the laboratory for a 1/10 reduced-scale prototype, the RNC isolator stiffness and damping properties are investigated in terms of cyclic tests with different parameters. Tests at the ultimate level state consisting of monotonic shear and axial loading have been also carried out as a part of the qualification process. The goal of this study is twofold: first, to examine the main integrated mechanisms of the RNC isolator through sophisticated 3D finite element simulation models using a multi-purpose finite element code. The main result of this step is to attempt modeling the force–displacement relationship using the standard Bouc–Wen model of smooth hysteresis. The second aim of this study is the numerical assessment of the device efficiency through its implementation into a bridge model considering several ground motions as external excitations. Based on these extensive studies, it was found that the RNC isolator is promising as a reliable isotropic horizontal isolation device for bridge structures. 相似文献
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A simple modified version of neuro-fuzzy controller (NFC) method based on single-input, reduced membership function in conjunction with an intuitive flux–speed decoupled feedback linearization (FBL) approach of induction motor (IM) model is presented in this paper. The proposed NFC with FBL remarkably suppresses the torque and speed ripple and shows improved performance. Further, the modified NFC is tuned by genetic algorithm (GA) approach for optimal performance of FBL-based IM drive. Moreover, the GA searches the optimal parameters of the simplified NFC in order to ensure the global convergence of error. The proposed simplified NFC integrates the concept of fuzzy logic and neural network structure like a conventional NFC, but it has the advantages of simplicity and improved computational efficiency over the conventional NFC as the single input introduced here is an error (speed and torque) instead of two inputs, error and change in error, as in the conventional NFC. This structure makes the proposed NFC robust and simple as compared with conventional NFC and thus, can be easily applied to real-time industry application. The proposed system incorporated with different control methods is also validated with extensive experimental results using DSP2812. The effectiveness of the proposed method using FBL of IM drive is investigated in simulation as well as in experiment with different working modes. It is evident from the comparative results that the system performance is not deteriorated using the proposed simple NFC as compared to the conventional NFC; rather, it shows superior performance over PI-controller-based drive. 相似文献
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将电流变智能阻尼器与叠层橡胶隔震垫相结合,形成新型电流变智能隔震装置,对结构进行智能隔震控制。首先,进行了新型电流变智能隔震装置的设计,推导了转动电流变阻尼器控制力的计算公式,提出了电场强度和装置剪切变形之间的函数关系,实现了拟限位型和拟摩擦型的隔震装置模型;然后,针对电流变智能隔震控制的特点,提出了摩擦控制的判别规则并给出了计算公式,编制了相应的程序;最后,对应用电流变智能隔震装置的单自由度结构进行了数值分析,结果表明:两种类型的隔震装置对结构都有较好的控制效果,限制了隔震层变形的同时不增加隔震层的加速度,控制效果比较理想。 相似文献
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该文针对三维隔震结构较高竖向承载力和减震效果的需求,基于铅芯橡胶支座提出了斜向三维隔震支座,并基于铅芯橡胶支座的非线性力学本构模型,建立了考虑压缩应力及刚度衰减影响的三维隔震支座非线性竖向刚度计算模型。进行了倾斜角度分别为12°和15°的三维隔震支座模型力学性能试验,试验结果得到了该三维隔震支座滞回模型呈现出加载和卸载非平行特征,竖向刚度呈现非线性变化,以及角度和竖向位移对力学性能的影响规律。进一步对理论与试验结果进行对比分析,三维隔震支座的试验结果与理论计算值吻合。最后利用通用有限元软件建立不同倾斜角度的三维隔震支座数值分析模型,基于计算理论、静力试验及数值仿真结果分析了摩擦系数、剪应变、倾斜角度对三维隔震支座非线性竖向刚度的影响。 相似文献
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周期结构机械滤波器对浮筏隔振系统传递特性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
弹性波在周期性结构中传播时会形成特殊的阻带和通带结构。当弹性波的频率处于阻带范围内时,弹性波及振动是不允许传播的。根据这一性质,设计一种虚拟的周期结构机械滤波器,用于浮筏隔振系统中的下层隔振器和基座间,通过改变从机组到基座之间的传递特性,使浮筏隔振系统中与激励频率相近、并和舱段壳体振动相关的固有频率和激励频率错开。利用传递矩阵法研究浮筏隔振系统下层隔振器和基座间插入周期结构机械滤波器后的传递特性和动态响应,通过研究表明:当激励频率在周期结构的阻带之内时,基座的位移响应,力响应和功率流响应将大大减小。 相似文献
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提出了一种新型多功能摩擦摆支座(MFPB),考察了其在周边支承单层球面网壳结构中减震控制性能。上诉隔震装置由摩擦摆支座、形状记忆合金(SMA)拉索和套筒式限位器组成;为了研究MFPB的隔震耗能机理,建立了此隔震支座的理论模型,进而,对MFPB的滞回行为进行了数值模拟,并分析了其性能特征;将MFPB隔震系统引入单层球面网壳结构中,基于ABAQUS软件建立了受控结构的分析模型;对结构进行了非线性时程分析,利用结构的动力响应指标,评估了受控和无控网壳的抗震性能。研究结果表明,所研发的新型隔震系统可有效降低结构的多维地震响应,且具备抵抗强震灾变的潜力,故有助于提升高位隔震空间网壳结构的总体抗震性能。 相似文献
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传统的冲击隔离系统通常都只是从刚度上进行设计,因此在提供较高冲击隔离效率的同时,往往带来很大的相对位移。针对那些遭受持续时间很短的冲击,但又对冲击隔离效率和相对位移有严格限制的冲击隔离问题,提出了可控阻尼的半主动冲击隔离技术。在不遭受冲击时该半主动冲击隔离系统工作于最小阻尼状态,不影响隔振性能。在遭受冲击时,通过分两个阶段的半主动控制策略控制阻尼比的变化,可以自动地在保证冲击隔离效率的前提下,使用尽可能大的阻尼比,从而大幅降低相对位移幅值。仿真研究表明该可控阻尼半主动冲击隔离技术可以取得优异的冲击隔离性能。 相似文献
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Responses of base-isolated shear beam type structures subject to random ground excitations are studied. Several base isolation systems, including the laminated rubber bearing, the resilient-friction base isolator with and without sliding upper plate, and the EDF system, are considered. Stationary and nonstationary stochastic models for earthquake ground accelerations are considered and the method of time-dependent equivalent linearization in conjunction with moments of the Fokker-Planck equation are used for response analysis. Mean-square statistics of the base raft displacement and the absolute acceleration at the roof of the base-isolated structure are evaluated. A series of parametric studies are also carried out. Comparisons of the results with those for the fixed-base structure show that base isolation systems are, in general, highly effective in reducing mean-square responses of the superstructure. The advantages and disadvantages of various base isolation systems are also discussed. 相似文献
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选用天然橡胶支座(LNR)与铅芯橡胶支座(LRB)作为两栋8层钢筋混凝土结构的隔震装置,对其分别输入172条近断层地震波,计算隔震层设置在基础或以上每一层时隔震结构的动力响应,分析近断层地震动对不同层隔震结构动力响应的影响。分析结果表明:隔震结构输入能量小于非隔震结构输入能量,LRB隔震结构的输入能量小于LNR隔震结构的输入能量;随着隔震层的上移,隔震支座位移减小,顶层最大加速度增大。近断层地震动特征参数与不同层隔震结构动力响应参数均存在相关性,但相关程度不同。隔震结构设计要根据建筑结构动力响应的需求,同时考虑隔震层位置与地震动特征参数的影响。 相似文献
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《低温学》2015
A spaceborne cryocooler produces undesirable micro-vibration disturbances during its on-orbit operation, which is one of the main sources of degradation of the image quality of high-resolution observation satellites. Therefore, to comply with the strict mission requirement for the acquisition of high-quality images, micro-vibration disturbances induced by cryocooler operation need to be isolated. In this study, we proposed a spaceborne cryocooler micro-vibration isolator that employs a pseudoelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) mesh washer, which guarantees vibration isolation performance in a severe launch vibration environment while effectively isolating the micro-vibrations from the cryocooler on-orbit. Basic characteristics of the cryocooler assembly integrated with the proposed isolators were measured through static tests and free vibration tests. The effectiveness of the isolator design was demonstrated by the micro-vibration measurement tests under qualification temperature limits. 相似文献