高温后型钢混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

对5个高温后型钢混凝土柱试件和3个常温下对比柱试件进行低周反复加载试验,研究高温后型钢混凝土柱的承载力和抗震性能。由试验获得了高温后型钢混凝土柱的破坏形态和滞回曲线,分析了剪跨比、轴压比、受火时间对高温后型钢混凝土柱滞回特性、延性、耗能能力、承载力及刚度退化的影响。结果表明：高温后剪跨比为1.5的型钢混凝土柱的破坏形态与常温下基本相同,剪跨比为2.5的型钢混凝土柱的破坏形态则发生明显变化,常温下发生弯曲型破坏的柱在高温后往往发生黏结破坏。与常温下的型钢混凝土柱相比,高温后型钢混凝土柱的滞回曲线更加饱满、骨架曲线的上升段和下降段更为平缓、位移延性系数略有增大、耗能能力更强。高温后型钢混凝土柱的延性、耗能能力与剪跨比、轴压比密切相关。位移延性系数随剪跨比的增大而增大,随轴压比的增大而减小;剪跨比越大,破坏时的等效阻尼比越大。经历高温作用后,型钢混凝土柱的刚度和承载力退化显著,初始刚度退化程度随剪跨比的增大而减小,屈服后刚度和受剪承载力退化程度随剪跨比的增大而加大。提出了火灾高温后型钢混凝土柱受剪承载力计算式,计算结果与试验结果符合较好。     

高温后型钢混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为评估火灾后型钢混凝土柱的抗震能力,为其火灾后加固提供参考,进行了11个型钢混凝土柱试件的高温后抗震性能试验。试件在升降温过程中施加恒定轴向荷载,并且在高温后抗震试验中保持相同的轴向荷载水平。试验中考虑轴压比和受火时间对抗震性能的影响,以获取并分析试件的破坏特征、荷载-位移滞回曲线、刚度、延性和耗能能力。试验结果表明：型钢混凝土柱试件在反复荷载作用下由柱底混凝土剥落形成塑性铰,塑性铰长度为0.14H~0.44H(H为柱截面高度);试件在反复荷载作用下出现贯通全柱的黏结滑移裂缝,滞回曲线大致呈梭形,耗能能力较好;较之未受火试件,受火后试件滞回曲线更为饱满,骨架曲线更为平缓,位移延性系数略有增大,刚度和承载力退化明显,耗能能力略有降低。受火时间相同时,轴压比大的试件极限荷载略高,极限位移较小,延性差,耗能能力更强;轴压比相同时,受火时间越长,承载力和刚度下降越明显,延性略有提高,耗能能力变差。     

高温后钢筋混凝土短柱抗震性能试验研究

通过对7根高温后钢筋混凝土短柱试件和1根常温对比试件的拟静力试验,研究受火时间、轴压比和剪跨比对火灾后钢筋混凝土短柱的破坏形态、受剪承载力、骨架曲线、刚度退化、延性比、滞回耗能等的影响。利用有限元程序计算了高温后截面混凝土抗压强度的平均折减系数,提出了四周受火后钢筋混凝土柱受剪承载力的计算方法。研究结果表明：高温后短柱的受剪承载力随受火时间的增加、剪跨比的增大而减小;剪跨比对受火前后受剪承载力影响变化的程度相差较小;高温后短柱的受剪承载力先随轴压比的增大而增大,但当轴压比增大至界限轴压比后,受剪承载力反将降低,且高温后柱的界限轴压比较未受火时有减小趋势;提出的高温后钢筋混凝土柱受剪承载力计算式具有一定的安全保证率,可用于火灾后该类构件受剪性能的损伤评定。     

装配式梁柱外环板高强螺栓连接节点#br# 抗震性能试验研究

针对装配式梁柱外环板高强螺栓连接节点抗震性能开展了拟静力加载试验,研究节点试件的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能、刚度退化等抗震性能指标;并对影响节点试件抗震性能参数进行分析;研究节点试件层间位移角及转动能力;提出节点恢复力计算模型。研究结果表明：节点试件失效模式为外环板与梁翼缘连接螺栓剪断、梁翼缘钢板断裂、外环板与柱连接处焊缝开裂3种形式;4个节点试件的滞回环面积较为饱满并呈“Z”形,具有较强的耗能能力;4个节点试件均有显著的刚度退化现象,下降坡度平缓;4个节点试件的层间位移角为0.09～0.12rad超过抗震规范的要求,表明节点具有良好的转动能力和延性性能;外环板的厚度和宽度对节点抗震性能有一定影响;提出的节点恢复力计算模型与节点试件的试验曲线吻合较好。     

Study on fire resistance of circular hollow section (CHS) T-joint stiffened with internal rings

This paper aims to study the fire resistant performance of circular hollow section (CHS) T-joint stiffened with internal rings under axial compression at elevated temperatures. Experimental study and finite element analysis are combined to carry out the investigation. Two full-scale tubular joints, one is un-stiffened and the other is stiffened with ring-stiffeners, are designed and tested. A constant axial loading is applied at brace end of the joints firstly, and then the joints are heated in accordance with ISO 834 standard heating curve uniformly in an electric heating furnace until failure. It is found that the internal rings enhance the fire resistant performance of CHS T-joint by decreasing the temperature of chord efficiently and prolonging the fire-resistant time. Sequentially, the corresponding finite element models of the two joints are built on basis of the experiments by employing sequentially coupled thermal-stress method. By comparing with the experimental data including temperatures of chord and brace and displacements of crown, saddle and brace end, the finite element models are verified to be accurate and reliable. And then numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the reinforcing efficiency of ring-stiffeners and impact of geometrical parameters (β and γ) on the fire resistant performance of the stiffened joints by adopting the verified modeling method. It is summarized that the failure mode converts with geometrical dimensions of ring-stiffener and geometrical parameters of tubular joint changing.     

中空夹层钢管混凝土-钢管K形搭接节点抗震性能试验研究

主管为中空夹层钢管混凝土，支管为空钢管的K形搭接节点，按主圆支圆和主方支圆两种形式加工制作了4个节点，对节点两个支管通过同步往复加载，研究主管通过夹层混凝土加强的K形节点破坏模式、承载力、耗能性能等。分析了试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力、延性系数、能量耗散系数等抗震性能指标。结果表明：未加强节点的破坏模式为主管表面塑性破坏，主管夹层灌混凝土的加强节点为支管拉裂破坏；主管夹层灌混凝土提高了节点的刚度和承载力，对于方管尤为显著，但对节点的延性影响不大；相比主圆支圆的未加强试件，夹层灌普通混凝土和粉煤灰混凝土的试件承载力分别提高了43.7%和52.1%，节点累积耗能分别提高了57.6%和64.0%；相比主方支圆未加强试件，夹层灌普通混凝土和粉煤灰混凝土的试件承载力分别提高了66.7%和64.7%，节点累积耗能分别提高了39.8%和21.7%，但主管夹层灌普通混凝土和灌粉煤灰混凝土对节点的加强效果区别不大。利用ANSYS软件对试验试件进行有限元分析，分析结果与试验结果吻合良好，并选用主管空心率、支主管直径比及支管径厚比进行参数分析。分析表明：随主管空心率的增大，节点耗能能力和承载力有所减小；随支主管直径比的增大，节点滞回曲线趋于饱满，耗能能力和承载力提高；随支管径厚比的增加，节点的滞回曲线的饱满度降低，节点承载力和耗能能力均呈下降趋势。     

十字形钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁框架节点抗震性能研究

为了研究十字形钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁框架中节点的抗震性能和破坏机理,进行了6个缩尺比为1∶2的节点拟静力试验。观察节点的损伤过程及破坏模式,分析柱端荷载-位移滞回曲线、节点核心区剪力-剪切变形曲线、层间位移角组成、耗能能力及应力分布。采用ABAQUS软件建立钢管混凝土异形柱-H形钢梁框架节点的有限元分析模型,分析结果与试验结果吻合良好,并对节点核心区受剪承载力和节点刚度进行参数分析。研究结果表明：节点的滞回曲线饱满,延性系数介于2.63～4.45之间,等效黏滞阻尼系数介于0.202～0.241之间,节点域的变形和耗能能力较强;建立的有限元分析模型可用于模拟节点的抗震性能,有限元参数分析结果表明增加节点区钢管厚度可以明显提高核心区受剪承载力,增加竖向肋板尺寸可以有效提高节点刚度。为保证竖向肋板节点达到刚性节点要求,建议柱钢板宽厚比不大于30;竖向肋板翼缘外高度、翼缘内高度以及竖向肋板与梁翼缘连接长度分别不应小于梁翼缘宽度的30%、15%和150%;竖向肋板厚度不应小于梁翼缘厚度。     

Research on seismic behavior of cruciform special-shaped CFST column to H-section steel beam joint

为了研究十字形钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁框架中节点的抗震性能和破坏机理，进行了6个缩尺比为1∶2的节点拟静力试验。观察节点的损伤过程及破坏模式，分析柱端荷载-位移滞回曲线、节点核心区剪力-剪切变形曲线、层间位移角组成、耗能能力及应力分布。采用ABAQUS软件建立钢管混凝土异形柱-H形钢梁框架节点的有限元分析模型，分析结果与试验结果吻合良好，并对节点核心区受剪承载力和节点刚度进行参数分析。研究结果表明：节点的滞回曲线饱满，延性系数介于2.63～4.45之间，等效黏滞阻尼系数介于0.202～0.241之间，节点域的变形和耗能能力较强；建立的有限元分析模型可用于模拟节点的抗震性能，有限元参数分析结果表明增加节点区钢管厚度可以明显提高核心区受剪承载力，增加竖向肋板尺寸可以有效提高节点刚度。为保证竖向肋板节点达到刚性节点要求，建议柱钢板宽厚比不大于30；竖向肋板翼缘外高度、翼缘内高度以及竖向肋板与梁翼缘连接长度分别不应小于梁翼缘宽度的30%、15%和150%；竖向肋板厚度不应小于梁翼缘厚度。     

Dynamic experimental and numerical study of double beam–column joints in modern traditional‐style steel buildings with viscous damper

Modern traditional‐style steel (MTS) structure is an innovative architecture structure that is widely used in China. This paper explores the possibility of using viscous damper, which can be conveniently installed between beam and column, to replace “sparrow brace” at beam–column joints to improve its seismic capability. Three 1/2.6 scaled MTS double beam–column joints, one without viscous damper and two with viscous damper, were fabricated and tested under dynamic cyclic loading. The results indicated that the primary failure modes were cracking of base metal and local bucking at the beam ends. The hysteretic curve of specimens with viscous dampers was more plump than the common specimen without viscous dampers, indicating better energy dissipation capacity. The displacement ductility ratio was about 1.79–1.96, indicating the viscous damper has little effect on the ductility, whereas in plastic stage, the energy dissipation of specimens and viscous damper increased rapidly, indicating great energy dissipating function of viscous damper. Meanwhile, the results also proved that finite element analysis may stimulate and predict the mechanical behavior of MTS double beam joints with viscous dampers.     

覆板加强的方钢管T形节点轴向滞回性能试验研究

为研究采用覆板加强的冷弯方钢管T形节点的轴向滞回性能,对2组支管与主管的截面宽度比β分别为0.4和0.8的方钢管直接焊接节点和采用覆板加强的方钢管T形节点进行了轴向往复加载试验。详细介绍了试验节点的设计、试验过程及破坏形态,并对节点试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、耗能和延性等性能进行了分析。试验中,试验节点经历了主管屈服、初始开裂、裂纹闭合、裂缝扩展、裂缝贯通五个主要阶段,但各试件的开裂位置并不相同。加强覆板阻止了裂缝向主管管壁发展,有效避免了主管管壁的撕裂破坏,使开裂后支管的受压荷载继续上升,因而节点开裂后受拉能力较未加强节点的好。支管与主管截面宽度比越小,试件的耗能能力和延性越好。但覆板加强处理降低了试件的耗能能力,且支管与主管宽度比越小其耗能能力的降低越明显。受拉裂缝会降低试件的延性,故轴拉循环的延性较对应的轴压循环的差。在β=0.8时,覆板加强对试件的抗震延性有所改善,但β=0.4时加强节点试件的位移延性系数低于未加强节点。覆板加强节点在支管轴向往复荷载作用下的拉压不均衡问题应引起重视。     

斜向受力十字形钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究十字形钢管混凝土柱在斜向受力下的抗震性能,以加载角度(0°和45°)、混凝土强度等级(C50和C70)、轴压比(0、0.25和0.5)以及是否设置加劲肋为试验参数,进行了9根十字形钢管混凝土柱在往复荷载作用下的试验研究,获得了柱的破坏形态、水平荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、累积耗能、变形等特性,分析了不同参数对柱抗震性能的影响规律。并建立了十字形钢管混凝土柱的有限元模型,有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。试验结果表明:十字形钢管混凝土柱具有较好的滞回性能,所有柱的位移延性系数均高于3.5;轴压比对十字形钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能影响较大,轴压比越大,柱承载力越低,刚度退化越快,延性和耗能能力也越差;随着混凝土强度的增加,柱承载力增加,轴压比较大时,混凝土强度越高,延性下降越明显;内部间断焊接加劲肋的柱比未设置加劲肋柱的承载力提高约8%,但延性和耗能能力提高不大;加载角度为45°柱的滞回性能稍优于0°的柱。     

设置组合工字钢梁的自复位框架抗震性能试验研究

基于“可恢复功能抗震结构”的设计理念,设计并制作了一种设置组合工字钢梁的自复位框架,采用消能杆作为耗能元件,进行了由不同消能杆组成的4个自复位框架的低周往复荷载试验,在分析其受力机理的基础上,对比分析了结构的受力发展过程、耗能能力和卸载后的自复位能力。结果表明：各自复位框架的试验宏观现象基本相同,其荷载-位移滞回曲线均呈“双旗帜”形;锚固板开口后,框架的抗弯刚度由预应力钢绞线和消能杆提供;层间侧移角加载至4%时,骨架曲线仍无下降趋势,结构具有良好的承载能力和变形能力;自复位框架的塑性变形都集中于消能杆,更换消能杆后,结构的抗震性能得以迅速恢复,实现了震后易于修复的设计目标;通过对残余层间侧移角和等效黏滞阻尼系数的分析表明,结构具有良好的自复位能力和耗能能力,且框架的抗震性能主要由自复位参数确定。     

钢管铅阻尼器的性能试验研究

提出一种新型的钢管铅阻尼器,介绍其构造形式、工作机理及特点。设计制作两个钢管铅阻尼器试件,对其进行低周反复荷载试验和有限元模拟分析,研究钢管铅阻尼器的工作性能、耗能能力和破坏特征。研究结果表明:钢管铅阻尼器工作性能和耗能性能稳定;滞回曲线对称且饱满,近似于平行四边形,耗能能力强,屈服后等效阻尼比在0.45~0.50之间;阻尼器能在很小位移下屈服耗能,屈服位移小于1mm,而屈服后的变形能力很强,延性比大于20;钢管中部合理削弱能有效控制阻尼器的应力分布,使得阻尼器的变形和耗能集中在中部,避免阻尼器由于端部连接破坏而使阻尼器过早退出工作。     

Experimental and numerical study on fire resistance of circular tubular T-joints

This paper focuses on experimental investigation and preliminary numerical parametric study on fire resistance of CHS T-joints under axial compression. In experimental test, three CHS T-joints subjected to axial load are heated in accordance with predefined heating curves in electric heating furnace. The failure mode of the specimens at elevated temperature is found from experimental observation to be plastic failure of chord face around the brace/chord intersection. The experimental phenomena and displacement–temperature curves show that the T-joints fail suddenly after temperature exceeds certain value. Additionally, the temperature–time and displacement–temperature curves of specimens obtained from experimental measurements are used to verify the accuracy of finite element models presented in this study. In preliminary numerical parametric study, the finite element models are built using finite element software ABAQUS. Sequentially coupled thermal–stress analysis is used to conduct numerical simulation. The comparison between experimental and numerical results shows that the proposed finite element models can simulate the fire test successfully and are reliable to carry out a preliminary numerical parametric study to investigate the influence of several principal dimensionless parameters on fire resistance of CHS T-joint, such as α, β, γ, and loading ratio n. For the CHS T-joints with different values of β and n, the reaction force caused by constraint at chord ends is also studied. It has been found that the behavior of CHS T-joint at elevated temperature is significantly affected by the geometrical parameters and loading ratio n. Additionally, the reaction force cannot be neglected if the chord ends are fully constrained.     

新型外包钢筋混凝土钢管防屈曲耗能支撑性能

研制了一种新型外包钢筋混凝土钢管防屈曲耗能支撑,设计6个新型外包钢筋混凝土钢管防屈曲耗能支撑试件,对其进行轴向循环荷载试验,并对其中的4组试件采用ABAQUS有限元数值模拟分析。研究结果表明：新型外包钢筋混凝土钢管防屈曲耗能支撑在受拉和受压时都能屈服而不屈曲,支撑的滞回曲线稳定、饱满,具有稳定的承载能力和良好的滞回耗能能力;新型外包钢筋混凝土钢管防屈曲耗能支撑的恢复力模型可采用双线性模型来描述;新型外包钢筋混凝土钢管防屈曲耗能支撑构造合理,耗能机理明确,采用钢筋混凝土约束核心钢管的设计思想是可行的。     

带环向脱空缺陷的钢管混凝土构件在压弯扭复合#br# 受力作用下的滞回性能研究

为研究环向脱空缺陷对钢管混凝土试件在压弯扭复合受力作用下抗震性能的影响,进行了12个钢管混凝土试件（包括8个带缺陷试件、2个无脱空试件以及2个空钢管对比试件）在恒定轴压力和反复弯扭耦合荷载作用下的滞回性能试验。试验主要参数为：脱空率、弯扭比和轴压比。基于试验结果考察了带脱空缺陷的钢管混凝土试件在压弯扭复合受力作用下的破坏模态,并分析了脱空对试件滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度和耗能等力学指标的影响规律,结果表明：环向脱空缺陷的存在会改变钢管混凝土构件的破坏模态,并使试件的承载力、刚度和耗能能力有不同程度的降低。同时,建立钢管混凝土压弯扭构件的有限元模型,分析环向脱空对构件承载力系数,以及钢管与核心混凝土接触时刻的影响规律,在此基础上提出相关工程建议。     

Y形直接焊接矩形钢管节点滞回性能试验研究

对钢管结构中常用的Y形矩形钢管节点进行了试验研究。通过对支管施加轴向往复荷载,共对10个直接焊接Y形矩形管节点进行拟静力试验。为研究钢管加工及节点焊接过程中产生的残余应力对节点性能的影响,对其中2个节点进行了去应力退火处理。通过分析节点的承载力、延性比和能量耗散系数,对此种节点的滞回性能进行了深入研究。试验表明：在支管承受轴向往复荷载作用时,总是在支弦管连接焊缝外边缘沿支管侧壁方向切断弦管上壁面,从而导致节点性能的劣化。在弦管上壁面拉裂之前节点耗能性能良好,且退火节点在弦管上壁面拉裂之后仍然有较大的耗能潜力。节点的滞回性能较好,这为在抗震区推广使用管结构提供了有力支持。     

Nonlinear behaviour of unprotected composite slim floor steel beams exposed to different fire conditions

An efficient nonlinear 3D finite element model has been developed to investigate the structural performance of composite slim floor steel beams with deep profiled steel decking under fire conditions. The composite steel beams were unprotected simply supported with different cross-sectional dimensions, structural steel sections, load ratios during fire and were subjected to different fire scenarios. The nonlinear material properties of steel, composite slim concrete floor and reinforcement bars were incorporated in the model at ambient and elevated temperatures. The interface between the structural steel section and composite slim concrete floor was also considered, allowing the bond behaviour to be modelled and the different components to retain its profile during the deformation of the composite beam. Furthermore the thermal properties of the interface were included in the finite element analysis. The finite element model has been validated against published fire tests on unprotected composite slim floor steel beams. The time–temperature relationships, deformed shapes at failure, time–vertical displacement relationships, failure modes and fire resistances of the composite steel beams were evaluated by the finite element model. Comparisons between predicted behaviour and that recorded in fire tests have shown that the finite element model can accurately predict the behaviour of the composite steel beams under fire conditions. Furthermore, the variables that influence the fire resistance and behaviour of the unprotected composite slim floor steel beams, comprising different load ratios during fire, cross-section geometries, beam length and fire scenarios, were investigated in parametric studies. It is shown that the failure of the composite beams under fire conditions occurred for the standard fire curve, but did not occur for the natural fires. The use of high strength structural steel considerably limited the vertical displacements after fire exposure. It is also shown that presence of additional top reinforcement mesh is necessary for composite beams exposed to short hot natural fires. The fire resistances of the composite beams obtained from the finite element analyses were compared with the design values obtained from the Eurocode 4 for composite beams at elevated temperatures. It is shown that the EC4 predictions are generally conservative for the design of composite slim floor steel beams heated using different fire scenarios.     

PFD-BRB摩擦阻尼器试验仿真分析

制作与阻尼器采用相同材料的摩擦片试验构件,通过拉伸试验得出阻尼器的吨位,再对采用T形芯板摩擦阻尼防屈曲支撑体系(PFD-BRB)的钢框架考虑几何非线性进行了有限元ANSYS试验仿真分析,同时分析了阻尼器起滑摩擦力和防屈曲支撑刚度对摩擦阻尼框架的滞回特性和支撑内力的影响。     

钢棒防屈曲支撑受力性能研究

研发了一种钢棒防屈曲支撑(简称SBBRB),使得钢棒不仅能承受拉力,也可承受压力,从而提高钢棒的受力性能。通过对SBBRB足尺试件进行低周往复加载试验,研究其受力性能、破坏形态和耗能能力,并对支撑的应变和位移历程进行了全过程监测;采用ABAQUS分析软件建立了钢棒防屈曲支撑的有限元模型,并对试验工况进行模拟。研究结果表明:通过将钢棒内置于钢管套筒内,可使钢棒能够承受压力,试验得到的SBBRB受压极限承载力是钢棒受压临界荷载计算值的10倍左右;合理设计的SBBRB的钢棒屈服段在受拉和受压状态下均能充分屈服而不会发生支撑构件的屈曲破坏,具有较好的延性以及稳定的累积滞回耗能特性,在破坏之前滞回曲线始终饱满和稳定;可以通过监测钢棒受力,预先采取措施,从而保证结构安全;ABAQUS有限元分析结果与SBBRB试件按照预定加载制度进行加载的试验滞回曲线吻合较好,可为后续相关研究提供参考。