Magnetocaloric effect and magnetic properties of La_（0.9）Ce_（0.1）（Fe_（0.99）Mn_（0.01））_（11.6）Si_（1.4）H_（1.6） compound

Magnetocaloric effect and magnetic properties of La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4 and its hydride La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4H1.6 were investigated. The Curie temperature of La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4 was increased by hydrogen absorption. XRD patterns showed that the structure of La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4H1.6 remained NaZn13-type. The Curie temperature (TC) of the sample was increased from 174 K to 331 K. The homogeneity of the hydrogen absorption for La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4H1.6 was proven very well by the random measurement of DSC. The magnetic entropy △SM of La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4H1.6 had peak at 326 K. The peak value of-△SM-was 12.3 and 7.8 J/(kg.K) under magnetic field change of 0-2 T and 0-1 T,respectively,which was comparable with Gd5Si2Ge2. The negative slope and inflection point of the Arrott curve indicated that the first-order magnetic transition of La0.9Ce0.1(Fe0.99Mn0.01)11.6Si1.4 was reserved after hydrogen absorption.     

Influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La in La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 on its magnetic and electric properties and strengthening effect on room-temperature CMR

A series of La0.7–xSmxSr0.3MnO3, La0.7–xGdxSr0.3MnO3, and La0.7–xDyxSr0.3MnO3 (x=0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30) samples were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La on the magnetic and electric properties and on the magnetoresistance (MR) was studied through measurements of M-T curves and ρ-T curves. The results showed that: lattice distortion in-duced by substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La and extra magnetism of substitution had great influence on the magnetic and electric proper-ties of perovskite manganites; substitution of magnetic rare earth element for La was an effective way to change Curie temperature and to strengthen MR in perovskite manganites; and appropriate substitution proportion would generate large MR near room temperature.     

Crystal structure and magnetic behavior of the La0.1Bi0.9FeO3 compound

The nano-crystalline La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compound was successfully synthesized by starch-based combustion method. The crystal structure and magnetic behavior were studied by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and magnetic measurements. The La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compounds crystallized in a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure with space group R3 c. The substitution of La for Bi reduced the rhombohedral distortion. The structural phase transitions in La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 driven by temperature showed that the extraordinary two-phase coexistence state of BiF eO 3 and LaF eO 3 was observed in a narrow temperature range of 630–700 oC. The magnetization of the La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 sample was improved by heat treatment in the temperature range. When the heat treatment temperatures rose from 25 to 600 oC, the remanence(Mr) and coercivity(Hc) of the La_(0.1)Bi_(0.9)FeO_3 compound almost remained the same, and increased rapidly to 0.134 emu/g and 7.1 KOe on further increasing the heat treatment temperature to 650 oC.     

Influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 on its magnetic and electric properties and strengthening effect on room-temperature CMR

A series of La0.7-xSmxSr0.3MnO3, La0.7-xGdxSr0.3MnO3, and La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3 （x=0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30） samples were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La on the magnetic and electric properties and on the magnetoresistance （MR） was studied through measurements of M-T curves and p-T curves. The results showed that： lattice distortion induced by substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La and extra magnetism of substitution had great influence on the magnetic and electric properties of pcrovskite manganites; substitution of magnetic rare earth element for La was an effective way to change Curie temperature and to strengthen MR in perovskite manganites; and appropriate substitution proportion would generate large MR near room temperature.     

Humidity sensing properties of La^3＋ and K^＋ co-doped Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 thin films

The humidity sensing properties of La3+ and K+ co-doped Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 thin films were investigated. The humidity sensitive thin films were prepared by sol-gel method on alumina substrates. The sensing behaviors of thin films were inspected at different sintering temperatures by constructing a humidity-impedance measuring system. It was found that the addition of rare earth ion La3+ and alkali ion K+ was beneficial for improving the humidity sensitive properties of the samples and La0.003K0.5Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 sintered at 500 ℃ for 4 h showed the best humidity sensing properties. The impedance of this thin film decreased from 109 to 104 Ω with excellent linearity in the humidity range of 11%-95%. Narrow hysteresis loop, prominent stability and high sensitivity were obtained. The effects of dopant con-tent and doping mechanism on humidity sensitivity were also discussed in terms of segregation of rare earth ions at grain boundaries and granularity of crystalline and influence of K+ on the decrease in the intrinsic resistance of the materials, and increase in the number of wa-ter adsorption sites.     

Effect of Sr and Ce on Synthesis of Nanometer Perovskite LaMnO3＋λ

Nanometer perovskite LaMnO3 λ, La0.6Ce0.4MnO3 λ and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 λ were prepared by citric acid-aide dsol-gel method. The effects of Ce, Sr on the structure and properties of nanometer perovskite were studied through DTTGA, XRD, TEM and BET analyses. The results show that, by sol-gel method, LaMnO3 λ, La0.6Ce0.4MnO3 λ and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 λ were made with average particle size of about 60, 100 and 30 nm, respectively. After partially substituting Sr on La positions in LaMnO3 λ, it is found that Sr is located at the perovskite lattice so as to reduce the formation temperature of the perovskite. As a result, the perovskite has a smaller particle size and larger specific surface area. On the contrary, it is difficult for Ce to enter the perovskite lattice. Ce exists mostly in the form of CeO2 as partially substituting La in LaMnO3 λ. The formation temperature of the perovskite increases, and the catalyst containing CeO2 presents a larger particle size and less specific surface area.     

Pseudo core-shell LaCoO_3@MgO perovskite oxides for high performance methane catalytic oxidation

Magnesia modified LaCoO_3 was prepared by a facile one-step sol-gel method and used for removal of dilute methane.Compared with the conventional doping technique,the obtained LaCoO_3@MgO-x exhibits pseudo core-shell structure and shows superior catalytic activity.The methane conversion exceeds90% at 532℃ on LaCoO_3@MgO-0.1,while only 60% of methane is conversed using the doped perovskite LaCo_(0.9)Mg_(0.1)O_3.The high catalytic performance of LaCoO_3@MgO-0.1 is mainly attributed to the adjustment of surface acid-base properties by the MgO shell structure.According to density functional theory(DFT) calculation,the methane is more likely to be adsorbed and cracked on LaCoO_3@MgO-0.1.The in situ DRIFTS shows that CH_3-O-CH_3 intermediate specie is formed.The pseudo core-shell structure also enhances the stability and the LaCoO_3@MgO-0.1 maintains high activity after working for 100 h.The above results demonstrate that surface modification by magnesia is an effective strategy for improving LaCoO_3 catalytic performance.     

Nanocrystalline Gd_(1–x)Ca_xFeO_3 sensors for detection of methanol gas

The sol-gel method was used to prepare the nanocrystalline Gd_(1–x)Ca_xFeO_3 (x=0–0.4) powders. The XRD results showed that all the Gd_(1–x)Ca_xFeO_3 (x=0–0.4) compounds crystallized as perovskite phase with orthorhombic structure. The doping of Ca in GdFeO_3 not only reduced the resistance, but also enhanced the response to methanol. The Gd_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)FeO_3 showed the best response to methanol among Gd_(1–x)Ca_xFeO_3 sensors. Besides, it showed good selectivity to methanol among methanol, ethanol, CO and formaldehyde gases. The responses at 260 oC for Gd_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)FeO_3-based sensor to 600 ppm methanol, ethanol and CO gases were 117.7, 72.7 and 31.9, respectively. Even at quite low gas concentrations, Gd_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)FeO_3-based sensor had an obvious response. At 260 °C, the response of 1.54 was obtained to be 45 ppm methanol. The experimental results showed that nanocrystalline Gd_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)FeO_3 based sensor can be used to detect methanol gas.     

Structure and high-temperature electrochemical properties of La_（0.60）Nd_（0.15）Mg_（0.25）Ni_（3.3）Si_（0.10） hydrogen storage alloys

The structure and high-temperature electrochemical properties of the as-cast and annealed (940 °C, 8 h) La0.60Nd0.15Mg0.25Ni3.3Si0.10 hydrogen storage alloys were investigated. The X-ray diffraction revealed that the multiphase structure of the as-cast alloy with LaNi5 phase as the main phase was converted into a double-phase structure with La2Ni7 phase as the main phase after annealing. The surface morphology studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) showed that the annealed alloy had a much higher anti-corrosion ability than the as-cast alloy. Both alloys presented excellent activation characteristics at all test temperatures. The maximum discharge capacity of the as-cast alloy decreased when the test temperature increased, while the temperature almost had no effect on the annealed alloy. As the test temperature increased, the cyclic stability and charge retention of both alloys decreased, and these properties were improved significantly by annealing.     

Synthesis gas production using oxygen storage materials as oxygen carrier over circulating fluidized bed

A novel process for synthesis gas production over Circulating Fluidized Bed （CFB） using oxygen storage materials as oxygen carder was reported. First, oxygen in the air was chemically fixed and converted to lattice oxygen of oxygen storage materials over regenerator, and then methane was selectively oxidized to synthesis gas with lattice oxygen of oxygen storage materials over riser reactor. The results from simulation reaction of CFB by sequential redox reaction on a fixed bed reactor using lanthanum-based perovskite LaFeO3 and La0.8Sr0.2Fe0.9CO0.1O3 oxides prepared by sol-gel, suggested that the depleted oxygen species could be regenerated, and methane could be oxidized to synthesis gas by lattice oxygen with high selectivity. The partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over CFB using lattice oxygen of the oxygen storage materials instead of gaseous oxygen should be possibly applicable.     

Production of aryl oxygen-containing compounds by catalytic pyrolysis of bagasse lignin over LaTi_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_3 prepared by different methods

To realize the resource and high-value utilization,a new approach,named bagasse lignin(BL) used to produce aryl oxygen-containing compounds by catalytic pyrolysis over perovskite,was proposed,LaTi_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_3(LTF) samples prepared by the sol-gel method(SG) and the solid-state reaction method(SS)were characterized.The catalytic action on BL pyrolysis was performed by the test of TG-DTG and the evaluation of the fixed bed micro-reactor,the components and contents of the products were determined.The results show that LTF samples have cubic perovskite phase,LTF prepared by SG(LTF-SG) is porous with larger specific surface area than LTF prepared by SS(LTF-SS).During the pyrolysis of BL,the addition of LTF lowers the pyrolysis temperature and the activation energy,the contents of CO_2 and CO in gaseous products reduce by 4.6%-8.0% and 30.7%-34.3%,respectively,the total content of aryl oxygencontaining compounds(including phenolics,guaiacols,syringols and phenylates) in liquid products increases from 62 wt% to more than 72 wt%,and LTF-SG shows better catalytic performance.LTF samples have nice phase and catalytic stabilities for BL pyrolysis after five successive redox cycles.     

La_(0.8)Zn_(0.2)MnO_3固体电解质的制备及导电性能

以Mn(NO3)2、La(NO3)3.6H2O和Zn(NO3)2.6H2O为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备单一钙钛矿结构La0.8Zn0.2MnO3(LZMO)。对合成后的LZMO凝胶进行自蔓延燃烧。XRD分析表明,高于873K煅烧后得到的LZMO,粉体形成了钙钛矿结构且没其他杂相。在673~973 K条件下,空气气氛中,用两端阻塞的交流阻抗方法研究了由1 073 K煅烧所得的钙钛矿材料LZMO离子导电性能,表明了该材料在中高温条件下已经具有了非常好的离子导电性能,673~973 K固体电解质的导电率为1.3×10-3~7.4×10-2Ω-1.m-1。应用Arrhenius公式对离子导电的活化能进行计算,求得离子导电活化能为70.17 kJ/mol。     

Magnetic and Transport Properties of Bi0.5Ca0.5-xLaxFe0.3Mn0.7O3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) Prepared by Molten Salt Method

Polycrystallines Bi0.5Ca0.5-xLaxFe0.3Mn0.7O3(x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) were prepared by molten salt method and showed perovskite orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. The magnetic measurements in-dicate that the compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic behavior in a temperature range of 4-300K. The measurements of transport properties suggest that the substitution of La for Ca enhanced the conductivity, and a kink appeared on the curve of temperature dependence of resistivity at 275 K, which is related to the spin-reorientation in the samples.     

Stability of phases in （Ba,Gd）MnO3 solid solution system

The existing phases in BaxGd1-xMnO3 solid solution system （0≤x≤ 1） were studied by analyzing the detailed crystal structure of each composition from the results of the Rietveld method using powder X-ray diffraction data. For a small substitution of Ba for Gd （0≤x〈0. 1）, the orthorhombic phase with a perovskite type structure （Pnma space group） was stably formed and this fact was supported by the electron diffraction data. There existed an intermediate phase of Ba0.33Gd0.67MnO3, which was characterized as the tetragonal phase with perovskite structure. The composition range of this phase was narrow and almost line compound. Between the regions of these phases, there existed two-phase region. There was also a two-phase region between the intermediate tetragonal phase and BaMnO3. Measurement of electrical conductivities of these orthorhombic solid solutions and tetragonal phases showed semiconducting behaviors for both phases and the existence of the phase transition at high temperature for the orthorhombic phase, The transition temperature decreased as the Ba content increased.     

Novel phosphors of Eu~(3+), Tb~(3+) or Tm~(3+) activated LaBGeO_5

Rare earth borogermanates as a group of stable compounds provided various potential properties important for modern sciences. Among the properties of interests, luminescence was manifested due to the variability of rare earth elements and the compounds constituted an important group of potential candidate. In this work, novel phosphors of Eu3+, Tb3+ or Tm3+ doped LaBGeO5 with the stillwellite type structure were synthesized by the solid state reaction method. Their X-ray and UV excitation luminescent proper...     

Structure and Some Properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 Thin Films

The possibility of obtaining Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT) films by oxidation of Pb ― Zr ― Ti layers was investigated. The films were obtained by vacuum evaporation on a polished SiO₂ or glassceramics at 300-800 K. The PZT films obtained at 500 K were amorphous. With a rise in the condensation temperature to 600 K, film crystallization occurred in the perovskite structure. The dielectric and optical properties of PZT films were investigated. For metal ― dielectric ― metal (MDM) structures based on PZT films with a thickness of 0.8 μm, the capacity was 2.60 μF, which corresponds to a value of the dielectric constant of about 74,880. The energy-gap width determined by the short-wave boundary of self-absorption was equal to 3.5 eV. The advantages of the proposed method for obtaining PZT films are low deposition temperatures and the possibility of performing all technology in one cycle, including modification of the composition and properties of the films by doping.     

温度对CH_3NH_3PbI_3钙钛矿晶体结构和性能的影响

利用溶液法制备CH_3NH_3PbI_3钙钛矿光吸收材料,并研究了不同温度对CH_3NH_3PbI_3钙钛矿材料晶体结构和性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、紫外可见吸收光谱对CH_3NH_3PbI_3钙钛矿材料进行表征。结果表明:温度变化影响材料的晶体结构和性能。当热处理温度为85℃时,CH_3NH_3PbI_3钙钛矿材料的结晶性和吸光度最优,平均晶粒尺寸为375?左右,且材料能级为1.62 eV。     

Electrical and CO-sensing properties of NdFe_(1–x)Co_xO_3 perovskite system

NdFe1–xCoxO3 (x=0.0–0.5) powders were prepared by a sol-gel citric method. X-ray diffraction was used to confirm the phase composition of the powders. All the samples are orthorhombic structure. The unit cell volume and grain size decreased with an increase of Co content x. The conduction type of the NdFe1–xCoxO3 perovskite oxides changed with the increasing Co content x. When x<0.3, the oxides showed p-type conduction behavior, and then changed to n-type when x>0.3. All the sensors presented higher respons...     

Structural and Electrical Properties of Layered Pervoskite Manganites Nd2-2x Sr1＋2x Mn2O7 （x=0.25, 0.3, 0.4）

Tetragonally layered perovskite manganites of Nd2-2xSr1＋2xMn2O7（x =0.25, 0.3, 0.4） were fabricated by using solid-state reaction technique. Structural characterization of the compounds was investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and FT-IR absorption spectra. The XRD patterns revealed that all the samples were single phase. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy （XPS） was used to investigate their electronic structures. It was found that manganese was in mixed states of Mn^3＋ and Mn^4＋ whereas lattice oxygen and chemical absorbed oxygen were existed in all the samples. The high temperature electrical properties of Nd2-2xSr1＋2xMn2O7 （x = 0.3, 0.4） were measured by standard four-probe technique. The results showed that both compounds had semi-conductivity behavior in the temperature range of 300 - 1073 K, and the electrical conduction was dominated by thermally activated behavior above 500 K.     

Influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 on its magnetic and electric properties and strengthening effect on room-temperature CMR

A series of La0.7-xSmxSr0.3MnO3, La0.7-xGdxSr0.3MnO3, and La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3 (x=0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30) samples were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La on the magnetic and electric properties and on the magnetoresistance (MR) was studied through measurements of M-T curves and p-T curves. The results showed that: lattice distortion in-duced by substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La and extra magnetism of substitution had great influence on the magnetic and electric proper-ties of perovskite manganites; substitution of magnetic rare earth element for La was an effective way to change Curie temperature and to strengthen MR in perovskite manganites; and appropriate substitution proportion would generate large MR near room temperature.