高纯度药用级蔗糖八硫酸酯钠的制备工艺研究

采用无水吡啶为催化剂可以有效地提高蔗糖八硫酸酯钠的产率及成品的纯度,探讨反应条件对结果的影响,得出最佳反应条件为：n（蔗糖）：n(三氧化硫-吡啶复化物)：n(催化剂)=1:6:11,保温时间为4 h,反应温度为80℃～90℃。采用醇-水重结晶的方法对粗产物进行提纯,重结晶两次后蔗糖八硫酸酯钠纯度可达99.8%,继续重结晶对纯度提高影响不大。同时开发了蔗糖八硫酸酯钠含量的检测方法。高纯度蔗糖八硫酸酯钠作为药用辅料满足高端药物制剂的需求。     

八苄基蔗糖及其水解反应产物的制备

研究了八苄基蔗糖制备的新方法及其水解反应。通过对蔗糖乙酰化保护得到八乙酸蔗糖酯,再经BnCl、KOH反应得到八苄基保护的蔗糖,总收率81%。八苄基蔗糖在乙酸和硫酸溶液中水解得到2,3,4,6-四-O-苄基葡萄糖和1,3,4,6-四-O-苄基果糖,收率分别为29%和25%。产物结构经1HNMR确证。     

八乙酸蔗糖酯的合成工艺研究

以几种不同的碱性钠盐为催化剂对八乙酸蔗糖酯进行了合成，并研究了不同糖酐摩尔投料比、酯化温度、时间、催化剂用量及蔗糖粒度对产品收率的影响，得到了较佳合成工艺条件：n（糖）∶n（酐）为1.0∶10.5，酯化反应温度134℃，反应时间1h，催化剂用量2％，产率可达93.8%。采用了醇水重结晶的纯化分离方法，使产品质量得到进一步提高。产品经熔点和IR测试，证实了自制产品与美国产品的纯度基本一致。     

KF/γ-Al_2O_3制备条件对催化合成八乙酸蔗糖酯的影响

用KF/γ-Al2O3为催化剂合成八乙酸蔗糖酯,研究了KF负载量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间对催化剂活性的影响,得到了较佳制备条件为:KF负载量25%、焙烧温度600℃、焙烧时间6 h。八乙酸蔗糖酯产率最高可达86.2%。产品经熔点和IR测试,证实了自制产品与美国产品的纯度基本一致。     

三乙醇胺硫酸酯盐助磨剂的制备及其性能评价

三乙醇胺是现在常用的水泥助磨剂,但是因其存在制取成本高、后期水泥强度有所降低等弊端[1],需要对其改性。本文用氨基磺酸对三乙醇胺进行硫酸化,合成三乙醇胺硫酸酯盐助磨剂。由于氨基磺酸反应温和,无副产物,同时也克服了浓硫酸硫酸化反应时易碳化反应物以及反应时添加硫酸铵缓冲剂难分离等缺点。改性后的助磨剂由于含有硫酸基强吸附性基团,改变了三乙醇胺单一的特点。同时还分析了合成的三乙醇胺硫酸酯盐助磨剂的助磨效果以及对水泥性能的影响。     

玉米芯木聚糖硫酸酯抗凝血及抗血小板聚集的活性研究

水不溶性木聚糖(wisX)经硫酸酯化获得玉米芯木聚糖硫酸酯wisX-S2、wisX-S4和wisX-S6,硫酸取代度(DS)分别为0.58、0.81和1.62,相对分子质量分别为1.1×105、1.3×105、1.0×105kDa。采用活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)和血小板聚集实验检测了三者的抗凝血和抗血小板聚集活性。结果表明,wisX-S4和wisX-S6能明显延长APTT和TT,提示wisX-S是通过内源性和(或)共同途径发挥抗凝血作用的。同时wisX-S6体外能抑制血小板聚集。DS是影响wisX-S抗凝血活性的重要因素之一。     

一种新型的松香聚氧乙烯蔗糖酯的合成与性能研究

以丙烯酸松香、聚乙二醇、蔗糖合成了一种新型的松香系列易降解的非离子表面活性剂 ,用IR谱、TGA谱进行结构表征 ,对其表面性质进行了测定和探讨。终产品在pH =8～ 9时 ,FP =2 0 8mm ;在 3 0× 10 -4 mol/L的Ca2 +中 ,DP =85 % ,FP =178mm ,浓度为 2× 10 -4 mol/L时 ,δcmc =3 3mN/m ,浊点 <77℃ ,产品耐温≤ 15 0℃     

纳米载银凹凸棒的一种新型制备方法及其载银机理研究

本文以纯化的凹凸棒为原料,在室温下采用原位还原的方法制备了纳米载银凹凸棒.利用X-射线衍射(XRD)技术分析了纳米载银凹凸棒晶体结构,发现纳米载银凹凸棒中凹凸棒晶面间距没有变化,同时有银的衍射峰出现.透射电子显微镜(TEM)对样品形貌的观察表明,粒径为8～11 nm纳米银颗粒较为均匀地负载到凹凸棒表面.样品的元素分析说明纳米载银凹凸棒中银含量为9.13%.红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)对纳米载银凹凸棒的表征结果证明纳米载银凹凸棒与纯凹凸棒光谱基本相同.研究表明在凹凸棒上成功载银,并提出了其载银机理.     

25%抗倒酯乳油的制备研究

抗倒酯是一种使用广泛的低毒植物生长调节剂。论文通过对溶剂、乳化剂进行筛选组合优化,根据相应配方的性能测定,探索确定了25%抗倒酯乳油的最佳配方为抗倒酯26%、NMP 8%、YUS-CP120 4%+YUS-EP70G 4%或YUS-2010CX 4%+YUS2011CX 4%、二甲苯补足100%。制得的25%抗倒酯乳油乳化分散性能稳定,热贮分解率小于1.5%。     

银系复合导电膏的研制

通过工艺条件的初探和优化选择,研制了根系－环氧树脂复合导电膏。讨论了生成银粒子的甲醛用量和加料速度及银在复合组成中的含量对复合导电膏导电性能的影响。     

硫酸化多糖的制备及其生物活性的研究进展

综述了近几年硫酸化多糖的制备及其生物活性的研究情况。重点介绍了氯磺酸-吡啶法和氯磺酸-甲酰胺法制备硫酸化多糖的情况。硫酸化多糖的生物活性包括抗凝血、抗病毒、降血糖、抗肿瘤和防止肾功能衰竭。     

Adsorption of Silver Nanoparticles onto Different Surface Structures of Chitin/Chitosan and Correlations with Antimicrobial Activities

Size-controlled spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can be simply prepared by autoclaving mixtures of glass powder containing silver with glucose. Moreover, chitins with varying degrees of deacetylation (DDAc < 30%) and chitosan powders and sheets (DDAc > 75%) with varying surface structure properties have been evaluated as Ag NP carriers. Chitin/chitosan-Ag NP composites in powder or sheet form were prepared by mixing Ag NP suspensions with each of the chitin/chitosan-based material at pH 7.3, leading to homogenous dispersion and stable adsorption of Ag NPs onto chitin carriers with nanoscale fiber-like surface structures, and chitosan carriers with nanoscale porous surface structures. Although these chitins exhibited mild antiviral, bactericidal, and antifungal activities, chitin powders with flat/smooth film-like surface structures had limited antimicrobial activities and Ag NP adsorption. The antimicrobial activities of chitin/chitosan-Ag NP composites increased with increasing amounts of adsorbed Ag NPs, suggesting that the surface structures of chitin/chitosan carriers strongly influence adsorption of Ag NPs and antimicrobial activities. These observations indicate that chitin/chitosan-Ag NPs with nanoscale surface structures have potential as antimicrobial biomaterials and anti-infectious wound dressings.     

银系抗菌纤维的研究现状

银系抗菌纤维因其广谱、高效的抗菌性能,被广泛应用于家纺、服饰以及医疗卫生等领域。阐述了银的抗菌机制、银系抗菌纤维的制备方法、抗菌性能的测试方法以及银离子的释放性能,指出了目前银系抗菌纤维存在的一些问题。     

软膏剂制备及含量测定的研究进展

软膏剂系指药物与适宜基质制成的一种涂布于皮肤、粘膜或创面的半固体外用制剂。软膏剂以使用方便、性质稳定、溶解性能好等优点备受人们关注。文章介绍了近年来软膏剂的制备方法及含量测定的研究进展。     

Preparation and Characterization of Conductive Polyaniline/Silver Nanocomposite Films and Their Antimicrobial Studies

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles are known to hold an important place in nanotechnology, and studies herein present the preparation and characterization of Ag metallic nanoparticles bearing antibacterial properties. In situ polymerization was used to prepare the conductive polymer polyaniline (PANI) and polyaniline/silver (PANI/Ag) nanocomposites. Increases in electrical conductivities of the nanocomposite films were observed compared to neat PANI, whereby these increases may be a result of the Ag doping effect or its complex formation. Spectroscopic techniques, such as, UV–Vis, FTIR, and photoluminescence were used for the characterizations of PANI and PANI/Ag nanocomposites. UV–Vis and FTIR data showed the quinoid units along the polymer chain being affected, such that strong interactions between Ag nanoparticles and quinoidal sites of PANI were presumed. The PANI/Ag nanocomposites showed higher photoluminescence intensities than neat PANI. TGA analyzes were used to determine weight losses and thermostabilities of PANI and PANI/Ag nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy was used for morphological evaluations of the nanoparticles and films, where the micrographs revealed that Ag nanoparticles were well dispersed and isolated in nanocomposite films. The presence and distribution of the Ag nanoparticles in PANI film matrix were analyzed by EDX. Antimicrobial properties of the nanocomposite films obtained were also explored. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E182–E194, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Pyridine Compounds with Antimicrobial and Antiviral Activities

In the context of the new life-threatening COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, finding new antiviral and antimicrobial compounds is a priority in current research. Pyridine is a privileged nucleus among heterocycles; its compounds have been noted for their therapeutic properties, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, analgesic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-ulcer or antidiabetic. It is known that a pyridine compound, which also contains a heterocycle, has improved therapeutic properties. The singular presence of the pyridine nucleus, or its one together with one or more heterocycles, as well as a simple hydrocarbon linker, or grafted with organic groups, gives the key molecule a certain geometry, which determines an interaction with a specific protein, and defines the antimicrobial and antiviral selectivity for the target molecule. Moreover, an important role of pyridine in medicinal chemistry is to improve water solubility due to its poor basicity. In this article, we aim to review the methods of synthesis of pyridine compounds, their antimicrobial and antiviral activities, the correlation of pharmaceutical properties with various groups present in molecules as well as the binding mode from Molecular Docking Studies.     

蔗糖聚酯改性醇酸乳液的制备及其在涂料中的应用

研究了乳化剂种类、乳化方式、亲水亲油平衡值、乳化剂用量、乳化温度对蔗糖聚酯改性醇酸乳液乳化效果的影响,得到了制备蔗糖聚酯改性醇酸树脂乳液的较佳工艺。以此混合乳液为基料,制备了蔗糖聚酯改性水性醇酸涂料,并测试了其涂膜性能。结果表明:当采用近转相温度乳化法,以烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(TX-10)为乳化剂,乳化温度为70℃,乳化剂用量为树脂总质量的10%,蔗糖聚酯取代量为60%时,所制备的蔗糖聚酯改性醇酸乳液较为稳定;与未改性的水性醇酸涂料相比,蔗糖聚酯改性后的水性醇酸涂料不挥发物含量高于未改性水性醇酸涂料,VOC含量显著降低。另一方面,流变曲线、贮存稳定性及热贮存稳定性试验表明蔗糖聚酯改性水性醇酸涂料能稳定贮存,可满足施工需求。     

镜面银罩光UV固化涂料的制备与应用研究

采用脂肪族聚氨酯丙烯酸酯为主体,搭配合适的单体、引发剂、助剂,研制了一款适用于3C家电领域的镜面银罩光UV固化涂料。重点探讨了UV树脂、UV单体及溶剂对底涂镜面银的影响。研究结果表明:大部分UV树脂主要对涂膜性能起到影响作用,对底涂镜面银效果的影响非常小;UV单体的选用对涂膜性能和底涂铝粉的定向排列都有比较明显的影响;溶剂对底涂镜面银铝粉的排列影响也很明显。依此研究制备的UV固化涂料,经实践应用检验,性能优良,适合3C家电外壳的涂装应用。     

喹啉及其衍生物的合成与生物活性研究进展

喹啉及其衍生物具有广泛的生物活性如抗HIV、抗癌、抗病毒及杀菌等,显示了广泛的应用前景。综述了近年来喹啉及其衍生物的合成方法及生物活性的研究进展。