超细晶粒钢HAZ晶粒长大的规律

研究了低碳钢、普通市售Ｘ６５钢和高洁净度Ｘ６５钢三种超细晶粒钢焊接ＨＡＺ的晶粒长大倾向。试验结果表明,这些超细晶粒钢都具有严重的晶粒长大倾向;低碳超细晶粒钢比Ｘ６５超细晶粒钢有更为严重的晶粒长大,这是因为前者不含有能阻碍晶粒长大的稳定碳、氮化物形成元素Ｎｂ和Ｔｉ,而后者中含有这些元素;高洁净度Ｘ６５超细晶粒钢的ＨＡＺ晶粒长大倾向小于普通市售Ｘ６５超细晶粒钢。这是因为钢中杂质元素含量越多,α→γ转变温度越低,即Ａｃ３点越低,在同样的焊接热循环条件下,普通市售Ｘ６５超细晶粒钢中的γ晶粒在高温停留时间就越长,晶粒长大的程度也就越大。     

400MPa级超细晶粒钢电弧焊焊接接头组织与性能

采用普通电弧焊方法（手工电弧焊、二氧化碳气体保护焊、埋弧焊）对400MPa级超细晶粒钢进行焊接,并对不同工艺条件下的焊接接头的组织与性能进行了分析。结果表明,400MPa级超细晶粒钢电弧焊焊接接头热影响区存在着明显的晶粒长大现象;手工电弧焊和埋弧焊焊接接头性能明显下降,而二筘化碳气体保护焊焊接接头性能下降不明显。根据试验结果,实际生产中可以利用二氧化碳气体保护焊方法焊接400MPa级超细晶粒钢。     

超细晶粒钢焊接HAZ晶粒长大规律分析

根据传统金属学和焊接冶金学理论，对800MPa和400MPa两个强度级别新一代钢铁材料进行焊接热模拟试验，分析了焊接HAZ晶粒长大规律。结果表明，随着峰值温度和‰的逐渐增大，新一代钢铁材料焊接HAZ的奥氏体晶粒都存在严重的长大倾向，且400MPa级比800MPa级的HAZ奥氏体晶粒长大更为严重。     

400MPa级超细晶粒钢电弧焊接头组织性能分析

采用普通电弧焊方法(手工电弧焊、二氧化碳气体保护焊、埋弧焊)对400MPa级超细晶粒钢进行焊接,并对不同工艺条件下的焊接接头进行了组织性能分析.研究结果表明:400MPa级超细晶粒钢电弧焊焊接接头热影响祆区存在着明显的晶粒长大现象;手工电弧焊和埋弧焊焊接接头性能明显下降,而二氧化碳气体保护焊焊接接头性能下降不明显.根据试验结果,实际生产中可以利用二氧化碳气体保护焊方法焊接400MPa级超细晶粒钢.     

400 MPa级超细晶粒钢板焊接热影响区的组织和力学性能

超细晶粒钢的强度和韧性比普通晶粒钢有大幅度的提高，其焊接性是该钢能否获得广泛应用的关键。通过采用实际焊接和焊接热模拟方法，研究了焊接热输入对超细晶粒钢组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明，超细晶粒钢的奥氏体晶粒长大倾向与普通晶粒钢相近，在热影响区和母材之间存在一再结晶软化区，板厚小于3mm时，粗晶热影响区的裂纹扩展吸收能大于母材，板厚大于5mm时，粗晶热影响区韧性比母材有较大幅度降低。对影响粗晶热影响区韧性的机理进行了探讨。     

400MPa级超细晶粒钢的焊接

对超细晶粒钢在焊接热循环作用下晶粒长大和组织、性能变化的规律进行了研究。400MPa级钢由于不存在第Ⅱ相粒子对晶粒长大的钉扎作用,晶粒长大趋势明显,焊接热输入越大,长大程度越严重。无论是焊接热模拟试件还是焊接接头硬度测试均表明HAZ不存在软化问题,接头拉伸试验断在远离热影响区的母材上。HAZ粗晶区有较多的侧板条铁素体,但制品冲击功未显示热影响区的冲机韧性低于母材,尽管试件断口分析说明粗晶区的韧性低于母材。     

两种规格超细晶粒钢的激光焊接

超细晶粒钢依靠微米级或亚微米级的铁素体,使钢的强度和韧性大大提高。本文分析了超细晶粒钢的焊接性及激光焊接的特点,进行了超细晶粒钢的激光焊接试验,并与等离子弧焊接、MAG焊接进行了比较,超细晶粒钢激光焊接接头粗晶区有较好的韧性,采用较小的激光功率并配合较慢的焊接速度,可减小粗晶区硬化倾向。终轧温度较高的SS400钢激光焊接接头强度高于母材,深度轧制钢激光焊接接头出现再结晶软化区,当软化区宽度较窄时,不影响整体接头强度,SS400钢和深度轧制钢激光焊接接头均有好的弯曲塑性。     

超细晶粒钢接接头热影响区的断裂评定研究

对超细晶粒钢进行宽板抗拉试验,直接评定和研究了超细晶粒风焊接接头的断裂行为,采用全面屈服准则确定了母材及热影响区的临界裂纹尺寸,试验结果表明虽然焊接热作用使试件热影响区的晶粒长大,但其抗断性能并没有恶化。     

含铌细晶粒钢的热影响区组织性能

讨论了以形变诱导相变为主的超细晶粒钢在添加合金元素铌以后热影响区组织性能的变化.试验结果表明:添加少量铌以后,粗晶区的韧性有所改善,但不能阻止母材晶粒的长大,韧性的下降不可避免,在实际焊接时,应避免过小的焊接热输入.     

400 MPa超细晶粒钢焊接接头的强化工艺研究

分别通过表面机械强化和深冷处理对400 MPa级超细晶粒钢焊条电极手工焊焊接接头进行了强化处理,并对强化处理前后焊接接头进行了组织和性能分析.研究结果表明:400 MPa级超细晶粒钢焊条电极手工焊焊接接头确实存在着晶粒严重长大和强度下降现象;经表面机械强化后,400 MPa级超细晶粒钢焊接接头表面组织得到重新细化,焊接接头强度和韧性均有明显提高;经深冷处理后,焊接接头强度和韧性均有所提高,但效果不明显.     

Effect of welding heat input on HAZ character in ultra-fine grain steel welding

In this essay, we studied how heat input affected the microstructure, hardness, grain size and heat-affected zone (HAZ) dimension of WCX355 ultra-fine grain steel which was welded respectively by the ultra narrow-gap welding (UNGW) process and the overlaying process with CO2 as protective atmosphere and laser welding process. The experimental results show when the heat input changed from 1.65 kJ/cm to 5.93 kJ/cm, the width of its HAZ ranged from O. 6 mm to 2. 1 ram. The average grain size grew up from 2 ~ 5 pln of base metal to 20～70 um and found no obvious soften phenomenon in overheatedzone. The width of normalized zone was generally wide as 2/3 as that of the whole HAZ, and the grain size in this zone is smaller than that in base metal. Under the circumstance of equal heat input, the HAZ width of UNGW is narrower than that of the laser welding.     

Study on the flash butt welding of 400 MPa ultra-fine grain steel

A 400 MPa ultra-fine grain steel possesses high strength and toughness. Due to its fine grain size, the heat affect zone (HAZ) of the weld joint will soften during welding. The weldability of 400 MPa ultra-fine reinforced steel bar of flash butt welding is investigated by using the micro metallographical examination and macro-mechanical-property tests. The joint of flash butt welding has a superior mechanical property. The HAZ in the weld joint does not show apparent softening. There is only a localized softening spot inside the weld seam, which does not affect the property of the whole joint. Therefore, flash butt welding is appropriate for joining the 400 MPa ultra-fine grain reinforced steel bars. The resulting weld joint has excellent mechanical properties.     

Effect of upsetting force on microstructure of welds in resistance spot welding of 400 MPa ultra-fine

The ultra-fine grain (UFG) steel is welded by using resistance spot welding technique with or without requirement of upsetting force.Metallographic inspection shows that the grain size of weld nugget is larger than that of the base metal and the microstructure is altered significantly.In addition,contracting defects such as air holes can be found in the nugget center.The experiments show that the defects can be effectively avoided by the technique of adding upsetting force during the nugget cooling and crystallizing processes.In tensile shear tests,the welding joint starts to crack from the inner edge of the corona bond.The results of micro-hardness tests show that the newly born martensite structure dramatically improves the hardness of the joint.Under the interactions between residual stresses and regenerated fine grains,the micro-hardness of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is lower than that of the nugget,but evidently higher than that of the base metal.     

Investigation on fracture behavior of the welded joint HAZ of ultra-fine grain steel SS400

The critical crack dimensions of both base-metal specimen and HAZ specimen are measured via wide-plate tensile tests. Based on the “fitness for purpose“ principle, the fracture behavior of the ultra-fine grain steel SS400 welded joint HAZ is assessed. The test results indicate that overmatching is benefit for the whole capability‘s improvement of ultra-fine grain steel SS400. The test results are confirmed by using finite element method (FEM).     

STT根焊技术在管道焊接中的应用

分析了STT根焊技术的特点、原理,阐述了STT焊接坡口形式,焊接工艺参数中送丝速度、基值电流、峰值电流等对焊道成形的影响以及焊接工艺参数的设置。针对STT焊接操作技术,详细介绍了STT根焊在不同焊接位置时的后拖角、焊接干伸长的控制、熔合性能的保证、焊接熔池的控制以及焊接运弧、错口技术的处理技巧等,并总结了焊接飞溅过大、焊接密集气孔、焊道熔合不良等常见焊接问题及其解决措施。     

STT气体保护焊在全位置半自动焊中的应用

介绍了STT焊接电源的性能特点，对STT半自动焊根焊，自保护药芯焊丝半自动焊填充、盖面的组合焊接工艺进行了研究。     

X80管线钢STT＋药芯自保护焊接工艺研究

介绍了STT气保护半自动根焊、自保护药芯焊丝半自动焊填充盖面工艺的特点,以及对X80管线钢焊接适应性的研究.在选定焊接方法、焊接材料和工艺参数条件后,进行了X80管线钢试件焊接和接头性能试验.结果表明,所选的焊接方法、焊接材料和工艺参数可用于这种材料管道的现场焊接.     

STT与RMD根焊焊接技术

为更好地区分STT根焊与RMD根焊各自的优点和适用范围,从采用的设备、工作原理、参数调节方式、焊缝成形、焊接质量和现场应用情况等方面对比分析了两种根焊方法.从中可知,STT与RMD的送丝机构不同,一个是开放式,一个是密封式,STT在厚壁材料上易出现冷熔缺陷,但能很好地控制薄壁材料的变形,STT适合于在固定地点、薄板和需控制焊接变形的结构上应用;RMD适合于管道野外施工.     

400 MPa级超级钢焊接热影响区晶粒尺寸的预测

应用有限元方法建立了超级钢焊接温度场的数学模型,对5mm厚、400MPa超级钢等离子弧焊接温度场和热循环进行了模拟和分析;利用模拟得到的热影响区热循环曲线,根据晶粒长大动力学原理对热影响区晶粒尺寸进行预测。预测结果表明,焊接接头热影响区宽度约为6.5mm;焊接接头热影响区晶粒明显长大,最大晶粒尺寸约为180μm;焊接接头热影响区晶粒随冷却速度的加快而细化,但细化程度有限。     

针状铁素体对超细晶铁素体钢力学性能的影响

针对利用形变强化铁素体相变工艺制备出的超细晶铁素体钢,其抗拉强度很高但伸长率偏低的问题,对其进行了组织精细分析。精细分析结果表明,针状铁素体的形成主要与轧后冷速有关,冷速越大,针状铁素体越多,针状铁素体对钢的力学性能具有双重影响,一方面钢的抗拉强度随着针状铁素体体积比的增加而增加;另一方面又因针状铁素体其内部的精细结构特征、形态特征、针尖效应及其尺寸等影响因素,使钢的伸长率大为降低。当将试验钢中针状铁素体体积比控制在7.28%左右时,可使钢的抗拉强度在高达740 MPa时,仍具有26%的理想伸长率。