Al元素对Zn-Al钎料钎焊2A01铝合金性能的影响

研究了Al元素对Zn-Al钎料钎焊2A01铝合金性能的影响.钎料润湿性试验结果表明,随着钎料中Al元素含量的增加,钎料在2A01铝合金表面的铺展性能提高,Al元素含量为12%(质量分数)时,铺展面积达到最大,继续增加钎料中Al元素含量,铺展性能降低.钎料中Al元素含量在8%~15%范围内时,钎料均具有良好的铺展性能.钎焊接头力学性能试验结果表明,随着钎料中Al元素含量的增加,钎缝中铝基固溶体强化相数量增加,对接钎焊接头强度提高,钎料中Al元素含量为8%时,钎焊接头强度达到最高,继续增加Al元素含量,钎缝中的枝状共析组织变得粗大,与其周围组织容易产生应力集中,萌生裂纹,对应的钎焊接头强度降低.综合考虑钎料的铺展性能以及钎焊接头力学性能,92Zn-8Al钎料钎焊2A01铝合金性能最佳.     

Fe-Al金属间化合物对铝/钢钎焊接头力学性能的影响

研究了Zn-Al钎料钎焊铝/钢接头的铺展性能、钎焊接头力学性能与显微组织. 铺展试验结果表明,随着钎料中铝含量的增加,钎料在3003铝合金、Q235钢表面的铺展面积均增大,铝含量为15%(质量分数)时,在3003铝合金与Q235钢表面的铺展面积均达到最大值,继续增加铝含量,钎料铺展性能降低. 钎焊接头力学性能试验结果表明,随着钎料中铝含量的增加,钎焊接头强度提高,铝含量为12%(质量分数)时,88Zn-12Al钎料铝/钢钎焊接头强度最高,继续增加铝含量,钎焊接头强度降低. 综合考虑铺展性能及接头力学性能,88Zn-12Al钎料钎焊铝/钢接头性能最佳.     

AlSiNi钎料感应钎焊铝/钢接头的组织和力学性能

借助润湿试验、热分析等手段分析了AlSi12钎料和AlSiNi钎料的钎焊工艺性.使用扫描电镜、能谱分析、力学性能测试等手段分析了AlSi12,AlSiNi钎料钎焊铝/钢接头的组织形貌、断口形貌、相组成和力学性能.结果表明,AlSiNi钎料对钢的润湿性优于AlSi12钎料,但钎料熔化区间稍有扩大;在焊缝/钢界面处,AlSiNi钎料钎焊接头金属间化合物层的厚度为8.1 μm,比AlSi12钎料钎焊接头金属间化合物更薄,分布也更均匀;AlSiNi钎料钎焊接头中的含Ni金属间化合物塑韧性更好,与母材钢的结合力更强,AlSiNi钎料钎焊铝/钢接头抗拉强度高于AlSi12钎料钎焊接头.     

不锈钢真空钎焊焊接接头的组织和力学性能

主要对采用BNi-2、BNi-5、BIIP-1、Cu四种不同钎料的1Crl8Ni9Ti不锈钢真空钎焊焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能进行分析。结果表明：钎缝的组织与钎焊温度和钎料的成分等因素有关,在本次试验条件下,使用BNi-2钎料钎焊得到的钎缝组织中出现了大量的化合物相;而采用其余三种钎料,即BNi-5、BIIP-1和Cu钎焊时,其钎缝中只有少量的化合物相,钎缝接头的力学性能与其显微组织有关,使用BNi-2钎料钎焊的焊接接头力学性能较差,而其余三种钎料钎焊的焊接接头力学性能较好。上述试验结果可为研究真空钎焊提供必要的试验数据和理论依据。     

稀土元素对铝合金钎焊接头组织和性能的影响

稀土元素具有改善钎料润湿性、晶粒细化、改变组织分布状态、提高钎焊接头力学性能和耐腐蚀性能等优点,因此在钎料改性中的应用越来越广。文中以Y_2O_3的形式在AS-3钎料中加入了不同含量的稀土元素Y,并采用炉中钎焊的方法制备3A21铝合金钎焊接头。利用扫描电镜、点能谱分析、X射线衍射(XRD)以及剪切性能试验等试验手段研究了稀土对钎焊接头界面结构及剪切性能的影响。试验结果表明,采用AS-3钎料在钎焊温度600℃,保温时间8 min的条件下可获得性能良好的3A21钎焊接头,钎料中添加适量的稀土Y元素不改变钎焊接头相的组成,但可以优化钎料中心区的共晶组织,使脆性的共晶相的作用减弱,钎缝力学性能大幅提高。当钎料中Y_2O_3质量分数为0.3%时,3A21钎焊接头的抗剪强度最高,达到105.1 MPa。     

Hf与Zr为降熔元素镍基钎料对IC10合金的钎焊

以Hf,zr元素及Hf+Zr作为降熔元素再加入一定量的Cr,Co,Mo元素配制了3种镍基钎料并对钎料的性能进行了研究.结果表明,Zr元素的降熔效果比Hf明显,而Hf元素降低钎料硬度的能力比Zr元素强,在对母材的润湿铺展性方面Hf元素的影响比Zr元素大.比较3种钎料钎焊IC10合金的900℃抗拉强度,Hf+Zr为降熔元素的钎料对应的钎焊接头性能最好,单独以Hf为降熔元素的钎料钎焊接头性能略低,而单独以Zr元素为降熔元素的钎料钎焊接头性能最低,Ni-Hf钎料中加入适量的Zr元素可以提高接头的高温力学性能.     

服役条件对内生颗粒增强复合钎料性能的影响

内生法制备复合钎料被认为是提高无铅钎料性能的有效途径.为了提高基体钎料的综合性能,试验采用内生均匀分布的Cu6Sn5颗粒作为增强相,以Sn-3.5Ag共晶钎料作为基体,制成内生Cu6Sn5颗粒增强的SnAg基复合钎料.研究了服役条件下内生Cu6Sn5颗粒增强复合钎料的显微组织和抗剪强度,对复合钎料钎焊接头的断裂方式及增强相的作用进行了分析.结果表明,随着再流及时效的进行,复合钎料内部Cu6Sn5颗粒的形貌及尺寸发生变化,进而影响复合钎料钎焊接头的抗剪强度.复合钎料钎焊接头的变形方式主要受滑移带控制,内生Cu6Sn5颗粒增强相可以起到阻碍滑移带扩展的作用.     

Zn-Al钎料钎焊6063铝合金铺展性能及接头断裂机理分析

研究了Zn-Al钎料钎焊6063铝合金的铺展性能及接头断裂机理.钎料铺展试验表明,随着钎料中铝含量的增加,钎料铺展面积增大,铝含量增至22%(质量分数)时,钎料铺展面积达到最大,继续增加铝含量,铺展面积减小.钎焊接头力学性能试验表明,随着钎料中铝含量的增加,铝基固溶体强化相数量增加,搭接钎焊接头强度提高,铝含量增至22%(质量分数)时,钎焊接头强度达到最高,继续增加铝含量,钎缝内枝状共析组织变得粗大,与其周围组织之间容易产生应力集中,萌生裂纹,钎焊接头强度降低.综合考虑钎料的铺展性能以及钎焊接头力学性能,78Zn-22Al钎料钎焊6063铝合金性能最佳.     

Cu基板粗糙度对SnAgCu无铅钎料润湿性的影响

在微电子封装软钎焊领域,钎料的润湿性直接决定焊接接头的性能.文中以不加入外来元素为前提,以SAC305/Cu钎焊体系为研究对象,完成了SAC305钎料在不同粗糙度Cu基板上的润湿铺展试验,研究了Cu基板粗糙度对SnAgCu钎料润湿性及SnAgCu/Cu界面化合物形貌与分布的影响.结果表明,?SnAgCu钎料在Cu基板上...     

铝合金与不锈钢大气钎焊性的改善——铝合金与不锈钢焊接技术(二)

在基本查明铝合金与不锈钢焊接困难原因的基础上,参考钎料对纯铝等温凝固过程的数值解析以及熔融钎料层消失时间的推定及试验结果,探讨了解决对策.采用电阻炉、TCM10000万能试验机进行了钎焊接头改善及评价试验,以此为依据提出了改善铝合金与不锈钢钎焊性的新焊接方法,即增大钎焊间隙实施钎焊的方法;预先使钎料对不锈钢产生润湿,然后再与铝合金实施钎焊的方法.又采用上述方法进行了其它形状部件的制作,从理论到实践验证了新焊接方法的可行性.     

铝/钢电弧辅助激光对接熔钎焊铺展特性

采用小功率TIG电弧辅助激光热源进行5A06铝合金和热镀锌ST04Z钢的预置粉末对接熔钎焊工艺试验,通过SEM,Photoshop来研究预留间隙、背面填涂钎剂、激光热输入、辅助电弧电流、热源中心间距、填加焊丝对熔钎焊接头铺展宽度的影响. 结果表明,预留小于0.5 mm的间隙与背面填涂钎剂均可增大铺展宽度;在未焊穿的前提下,随激光热输入和辅助电弧电流的增加,铺展宽度增大;随热源中心间距的增大,铺展宽度先增加后减小. 焊接熔池中填加Al-Si焊丝较未填加焊丝的铺展性更好,获得连续、美观的焊缝表面形貌.     

不锈钢与耐候钢MIG电弧钎焊工艺

采用手工MIG电弧钎焊工艺对SUS304不锈钢与Q355GNHD耐候钢薄板对接接头进行工艺试验,按照相关技术标准进行焊接工艺评定。结果表明,MIG电弧钎焊工艺能够成功用于SUS304不锈钢和Q355GNHD耐候钢薄板对接接头的钎焊,焊缝成形质量良好,经X射线探伤无缺陷;接头的抗拉强度平均值为339.58 MPa,接头强度系数为78.97%。采用光学显微镜观察SUS304不锈钢与铜基钎料间产生的渗透裂纹,讨论渗透裂纹的产生机理。     

Weld brazing of copper thick plates

Abstract

The weld brazing of 6 mm thick copper plates without preheating was investigated. The weld metal of weld brazing is composed of α-Cu solid solution and Cu–Ag–P eutectic structure, and the α-Cu solid solution in the weld metal of weld brazing is larger than that in the brazing weld. The average hardness values within the weld are 60 HV (50 g) lower for weld brazing than for brazing. In all weld brazing specimens tested, the failure was located in the heat affected zone with a tensile strength slightly lower than the base metal but similar to the arc welding joints.     

Evaluation of the Low Heat Input Process for Weld Repair of Nickel-Base Superalloys

The repair of turbine blades and vanes commonly involves gas tungsten arc welding or an equivalent process, but unfortunately these components are often susceptible to heat-affected zone (HAZ) cracking during the weld repair process. This is a major problem especially in cast alloys due to their coarse-grain size and where the (Al + Ti) contents is in excess of 3-4%; vacuum brazing is also used but mainly on low stress non-rotating components such as vanes. Micro-welding has the potential to deposit small amounts of filler at low heat input levels with minimum HAZ and thus is an attractive process for depositing a quality weld. As with conventional fusion processes, the filler alloy is deposited by the generation of a low power arc between a consumable electrode and the substrate. The low heat input of this process offers unique advantages over more common welding processes such as gas tungsten arc, plasma arc, laser, and electron beam welding. In this study, the low heat input characteristic of micro-welding has been used to simulate weld repair using Inconel (IN) (Inconel and IN are trademarks of INCO Alloys International) 625, Rene (Rene is a trademark of General Electric Company) 41, Nimonic (Nimonic is a trademark of INCO Alloys International) 105 and Inconel 738LC filler alloys, to a cast Inconel 738LC substrate. The effect of micro-welding process parameters on the deposition rate, coating quality, and substrate has been investigated.     

焊丝熔化方式对激光焊接过程的影响

研究了两种焊丝熔化方法(电弧预熔丝激光焊、激光填丝焊)激光焊接过程对匙孔稳定性以及焊缝成形的影响,进一步研究了焊丝熔化方法对焊接接头质量的影响,并对比分析了两种焊丝熔化方式对焊接速度的适应性. 结果表明,电弧预熔丝激光焊过程中,熔池表面匙孔开口尺寸变化不大,匙孔较为稳定;激光填丝焊方法由于熔化的液态金属距离匙孔边缘很近,焊接过程中熔池表面匙孔开口尺寸变化较大,而且容易出现熔池表面匙孔的闭合. 与激光填丝焊相比,电弧预熔丝激光焊熔化的焊丝端部可以沿熔池边缘流入,与匙孔边缘的距离较远,匙孔稳定性较好,焊缝气孔数量较少. 当焊接速度为8 m/min时,电弧预熔丝激光焊的焊缝成形良好;而激光填丝焊焊缝背面成形不连续,并且出现了未焊透的缺陷.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Arc Brazed AISI 304L Stainless Steel and Galvanized Steel Plates

Plasma arc brazing is used to join the AISI 304L stainless steel and galvanized steel plate butt joints with the CuSi3Mn1 filler wire. The effect of parameters on weld surface appearance, interfacial microstructure, and composition distribution in the joint was studied. The microhardness and mechanical tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the welded specimens. The results indicated that good appearance, bead shape, and sufficient metallurgical bonding could be obtained when the brazing process was performed with a wire feeding speed of 0.8 m/min, plasma gas flow rate of 3.0 l/min, welding current of 100 A, and welding speed of 27 cm/min. During plasma arc brazing process, the top corner of the stainless steel and galvanized steel plate were heated and melted, and the melted quantity of stainless steel was much more than that of the galvanized steel due to the thermal conductivity coefficient difference between the dissimilar materials. The microhardness test results shows that the microhardness value gradually increased from the side of the galvanized steel to the stainless steel in the joint, and it is good for improving the mechanical properties of joint. The tensile strength was a little higher than that of the brazing filler, and the fracture position of weld joint was at the base metal of galvanized steel plate.     

Plasma-MIG复合电弧焊接特性分析

采用Plasma-MIG复合电弧对Q235低碳钢进行堆焊试验,对焊接过程中复合电弧形态、电弧空间分布、焊缝成形及细晶原理进行了分析.结果表明,Plasma-MIG复合电弧焊接过程中,外层等离子电弧单独存在,内层MIG电弧在焊丝端部与外层等离子弧耦合.复合电弧空间温度分布均匀,高温停留时间短,冷却速度快.Plasma-MIG复合电弧在大的等离子电流下,促进填充金属润湿铺展,焊缝熔宽大,成形美观.相同热输入量条件下,等离子电流增大能够促进晶粒自发形核,原奥氏体晶粒及焊缝组织得到细化.     

Hybrid laser arc welding of X80 and X120 steel grade

The aim of the present work was to investigate the possibilities of hybrid laser arc welding regarding reliable production of longitudinal welds of high strength pipe steels X80 and X120 and to evaluate achievable mechanical properties of laser hybrid welds. The study focused on weld toughness examination in low temperature range up to ?60°C. Suitable filler materials were identified in the context of this task. It could be shown that metal cored electrodes guaranteed sufficient Charpy impact toughness at low temperature for both investigated materials. Modern arc welding technologies such as modified pulsed spray arc were used to promote deeper penetration of the filler material into the narrow laser welding gap. Edge preparation with a 14 mm deep root face was considered as optimum, because no penetration of the filler material could be detected beyond this depth limit, and therefore, any metallurgical influences on the weld metal properties through the welding wire could be excluded.     

Effect of hot dip aluminising on interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/Al joint by TIG arc welding brazing

Abstract

The joint of Al 5A06 and aluminised Ti–6Al–4V dissimilar alloys was achieved by means of tungsten inert gas arc welding brazing. The effect of aluminized coating on the spreading behaviour of filler metal on Ti substrate was studied. The spreadability of liquid filler metal on the Ti substrate was enhanced obviously due to the presence of aluminised coating. The interfacial reaction layer was characterised by a uniform lamellar layer of TiAl₃ intermetallic, with a thickness of 1 μm. Sound joints with well appearance were obtained, and the optimised tensile strength of the joint reached 216 MPa. The failure initiated from the interfacial layer at the root face and then propagated within the weld seam at the upper part of the joint. Capable welding parameters were broadened by the presence of aluminised coating for dissimilar metal joining of Ti/Al.     

Ti—55M高温Ti合金焊缝塑性的改善

考察了Ti-55M高温Ti合金焊接接头力学性能,结果显示焊缝在明显的室脆性,探讨了Ti-55M焊缝室温塑性的各种影响因素,尝试使用调整焊缝化学成分的方法改善Ti-55M焊缝的塑性,选择ELI级Ti-5Al-2.5Sn焊丝、配合脉冲氩弧焊工艺和适当的焊后热处理制度、获得的焊缝塑性接近母材的塑性,接头的室温和高温强度以及高温持久等重要性能能够满足母材技术指标要求。