橡胶疲劳性能的研究方法

橡胶疲劳性能的研究方法刘宇艳危银涛杜星文（哈尔滨工业大学１５０００１）轮胎、胶带和减震件等多种橡胶制品通常是在周期性应力状态下使用的，橡胶材料的动态疲劳性能往往决定这些制品的疲劳寿命。因此，为了保证橡胶制品的使用安全性和可靠性，研究橡胶材料的动态疲劳...     

光纤涂层技术特性的实验研究

本文从涂层粘附力，涂层切入力，静态疲劳参数及色标保持力等几个方面，对ＡＴ＆Ｔ光纤所用的Ｄ－ＬＵＸ１００一次涂层及由其构成的ＡＴ＆ＴＤ－ＬＵＸ１００光纤的性能进行了实验研究。     

橡胶－织物帘线粘合的静态和动态评价

使用两种天然橡胶胶料和用于聚酯和尼龙－６６帘线的两种浸渍液，对橡胶－帘线体系的静态和动态粘合疲劳进行了比较，其它变量是热处理的温度和时间。静态和动态粘合疲劳的相关性出乎意料地差，表明如果增强的橡胶在动态下使用，则在进行静态粘合测量时应同时进行粘合疲劳试验。     

气相二氧化硅对紫外光固化光纤涂料性能的影响

用聚氨酯丙烯酸酯与环氧丙烯酸酯预聚物按一定比例共混制备出性能较好的紫外光固化光纤涂料。着重研究了气相二氧化硅填料的加入对光纤涂料性能的影响。研究发现：气相二氧化硅填料的适量加入能有效降低涂料的吸水性，而对涂料的光固化速度等性能无明显的影响。此外，还探讨了聚合物涂层中气相二氧化硅微粒改善光纤疲劳与老化性能的作用机理，发现2％（质量分数）的气相二氧化硅填料使氧合物涂层的吸水率最小，从而降低光纤表面的侵蚀速率。     

用于承压构件的在线光纤监测技术研究

分析了分布式光纤检测系统和光纤光栅检测系统在实验室材料疲劳试验中的应用。基于光纤在线监测的试验研究,分析了该方法的优缺点,提出了应用于在役压力容器和工业管道系统的光纤监测实施方法。     

橡胶-织物帘线粘合的静态和动态评价

使用两种天然橡胶胶胶料和用于聚酯和尼龙－６６帘线的两种浸渍液，对橡胶－帘线体系的静态和动态粘合疲劳进行了比较，其它变量是热处理的温度和时间。静态和动态粘合疲劳的相关性出乎意料地差。表明如果增强的橡胶在动态下使用，则在进行静态粘合测量时应同时进行粘合疲劳试验。     

芳纶/聚酯复合帘线性能研究

通过改变芳轮／聚酯复合帘线的初捻捻度比和复捻捻系数对比了复合帘线的强伸性能变化规律，并优选加捻参数，研究了芳轮、聚酯、芳纶／聚酯复合帘线在不同温度下老化不同时间的静态及往复拉伸疲劳后的粘合性能和不同受力条件下动态往复疲劳后的粘合性能以及不同受力条件下动态往复疲劳后的粘合强度保持率，比较了３种帘线的耐疲劳性能。结果表明，复合帘线的静、动态老化后粘合性能均优于芳纶、聚酯帘线，耐疲劳性能比芳纶帘线略有提     

芳纶/聚酯复合帘线性能研究

通过改变芳纶／聚酯复合帘线的初捻捻度比和复捻捻系数对比了复合帘线的强伸性能变化规律，并优选加捻参数，研究了芳纶、聚酯、芳结／聚酯复合帘线在不同温度下老化不同时间的静态及往复拉伸疲劳后的粘合性能和不同受力条件下动态往复疲劳后的粘合性能以及不同受力条件下动态往复疲劳后的粘合强度保持率，比较了３种帘线的耐疲劳性能。结果表明，复合帘线的静、动态老化后粘合性能均优于芳纶、聚酯帘线，耐疲劳性能比芳纶帘线略有提高，成本比芳纶帘线降低４４％。     

分布式光纤压裂监测技术应用及效果分析

分布式光纤测量技术近年来逐步应用到油田开发中，通过全井筒的实时连续状态监测，实现研判产层压裂监测效果、产液量及流体性质，准确分析井筒生产状况，成为评价生产井生产动态的新方法新技术。分布式光纤利用下入井筒的光纤，以实时、全井段、长时间监测的方式，测量整个井筒温度场变化来监测井筒的动态生产状况，其实时监测的优势，远优于常规测井方式。在此介绍了分布式光纤测温原理和解释原理，研究了生产井的测温测量方法及解释流程。基于压力和温度数据，采用解释模型对压裂监测实测光纤数据进行处理评价，以及与油藏地质情况进行对比分析，试验结果验证了分布式光纤在产液剖面压裂监测方面的适用性和技术优势，试验中形成的苏里格地区一套分布式光纤测温解释流程和方案，助力油田公司实时优化调整开发方案，实现增产上产。     

紫外光固化光纤带涂料的性能研究

研究了用于紫外光固化的光纤带涂料，讨论了影响光纤带性能（如剥离性、耐层离性、拉伸强度、柔韧性等）的因素；并对光纤带涂料进行了动态机械分析和热失质量分析，得出了相应的结论。     

Preloading Technique in Dynamic Fatigue Testing of Glass and Ceramics with an Indentation Flaw System

The solution of fatigue strength as a function of preloading in dynamic fatigue testing was obtained numerically for an indentation flaw system. The dynamic fatigue strength is dependent on preloading and fatigue parameter (K). The effect of preloading on dynamic fatigue strength decreases with increasing fatigue parameter: for n 20 the effect is negligible up to a preloading of 90%. The solution was verified by dynamic fatigue experiments conducted with soda-lime glass and alumina specimens with as-indented flaws in room-temperature distilled water. The result indicates that one can apply a preloading corresponding up to 90% of fatigue strength for most glass and ceramic materials with no change in fatigue strength, resulting in a dramatic saving of testing time.     

橡胶疲劳性能研究进展

综述了动态载荷下疲劳对橡胶物理机械性能的影响、影响橡胶疲劳的因素、橡胶疲劳性能的研究方法及橡胶疲劳的机理。指出橡胶制品的疲劳寿命取决于橡胶的抗疲劳断裂性能 ,研究橡胶的疲劳特性对于结构抗疲劳设计和疲劳寿命预报模型的建立是极其重要的。     

动态伸张疲劳对SIBR硫化胶结构及性能的影响

本文研究了集成橡胶动态疲劳过程中性能以及结构的变化情况;研究指出,在疲劳过程中,集成橡胶发生了分子链的断裂,断裂后的自由端链在周期性应力的作用下与空气中的氧气作用生成了羰基;动态疲劳过程中集成橡胶的物理机械性能明显减小;填充SIBR硫化胶交联密度随着疲劳次数的增大逐渐降低;动态力学性能也发生了显著变化。     

天然橡胶的疲劳特性研究进展

叙述了天然橡胶的疲劳特性，着重归纳了天然橡胶的破坏机理及影响其疲劳破坏的主要因素。     

Influence of Temperature and Humidity on Dynamic Fatigue of Optical Fibers

The influence of temperature and humidity on dynamic fatigue characteristics of silicone resin-coated optical glass fibers is examined. Dynamic fatigue is shown to result from subcritical crack growth. Test results verify that subcritical crack growth during dynamic loading is a thermally activated process and that the effect of humidity on crack growth is a function of water vapor pressure.     

Synergistic effects of carbon nanotubes and carbon black on the fracture and fatigue resistance of natural rubber composites

The quasi‐static fracture and dynamic fatigue behaviors of natural rubber composites reinforced with hybrid carbon nanotube bundles (CNTBs) and carbon black (CB) at similar hardness values were investigated on the basis of fracture mechanical methods. Mechanical measurement and J‐integral tests were carried out to characterize the quasi‐static fracture resistance. Dynamic fatigue tests were performed under cyclic constant strain conditions with single‐edged notched test pieces. The results indicate that synergistic effects between CNTBs and CB on the mechanical properties, fracture, and fatigue resistance were obtained. The composite reinforced with 3‐phr CNTBs displayed the strongest fatigue resistance. The synergistic mechanisms and dominating factors of quasi‐static and dynamic failure, such as the dispersion state of nanotubes, hybrid filler network structure, strain‐induced crystallization, tearing energy input, and viscoelastic hysteresis loss, were examined. The weakest fatigue resistance of the composite filled with 5‐phr CNTBs was ascribed to its strikingly high hysteresis, which resulted in marked heat generation under dynamic fatigue conditions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42075.     

Dynamic and Static Fatigue of Silicate Glasses

Fatigue of silicate glasses was studied using both static and dynamic tests. Static fatigue data for acid-etched soda-lime silicate glass determined at 74°F in 50 and 100% rh can be represented by a single universal fatigue curve (UFC). The UFC for acid-etched glass does not lie on the UFC of Mould and Southwick, which was determined for abraded soda-lime silicate glass; the acid-etched glass was less susceptible to static fatigue. The susceptibility of acid-etched soda-lime silicate glass to static fatigue differed little from that of pristine E-glass and fused SiO₂ fibers. Dynamic fatigue data for soda-lime, E, borosilicate, and fused quartz glasses agreed well qualitatively and quantitatively with fundamental crack velocity data for these glasses; the dynamic fatigue theory of Charles was used in the comparison. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed.     

改性胶粉/SBR共混胶料的结构性能研究

研究了硫黄、促进剂、改性胶粉用量对胶粉／ＳＢＲ共混胶料性能的影响。结果表明；改性胶粉用量在１０－３５份的范围内．对共混胶料的静态力学性能影响不大：在１０－２２份的范围内对动态压缩疲劳生热影响不大．适当调整基质胶中硫黄、促进剂的用量．有利于降低胶料的动态压缩疲劳生热。扫描电子能谱微区分析的研究表明：由于硫黄的迁移形成了具有特殊结构的界面过渡层．该过渡层是降低动态压缩疲劳生热的关键。     

液体聚异戊二烯对天然橡胶/聚丁二烯橡胶硫化胶微观结构和性能的影响

研究了液体聚异戊二烯(LIR)作为增塑剂对天然橡胶(NR)/聚丁二烯橡胶(BR)硫化胶微观结构、弯曲疲劳性能、压缩疲劳性能和动态力学性能的影响,并与加入工业用增塑剂芳烃油的硫化胶进行了对比。结果表明,加入LIR较芳烃油有利于炭黑在NR/BR体系中的分散;随着LIR用量的增加,NR/BR硫化胶的耐屈挠疲劳性能基本不变;与芳烃油增塑的NR/BR体系相比,LIR增塑NR/BR体系的耐屈挠疲劳性能较优,压缩疲劳生热和压缩永久变形较低;加入LIR降低了硫化胶滚动阻力的同时减弱了其抗湿滑性。     

Environmental Fatigue of Silicate Glasses in Humid Conditions

Failure strains of commercial silica, soda-lime-silicate, and E-glass fibers were measured using two-point bending in room temperature humid air. Humidity dependence and dynamic fatigue behavior were studied, and the fatigue reaction orders in terms of humidity were determined. In the humidity range tested (~0.1% to ~100%), the dynamic fatigue parameters for silica and E-glass are found to be greater in lower humidity (~0.1% to ~10%), whereas the fatigue parameter for soda-lime-silicate is independent of humidity. The humidity dependence of failure strains for all three glasses was more pronounced in high humidity (~10% to ~100%) than in low humidity (~0.1% to ~10%), indicating that the reaction order decreases with decreasing humidity. These observations were correlated with the different structures of the glasses and their corresponding fatigue mechanisms.