打孔闭孔泡沫铝的吸声能力

闭孔泡沫铝板具有一定的吸声性能,对闭孔泡沫铝板进行打孔处理后,其吸声效果显著提高.使用驻波管法测试不同打孔率以及在泡沫铝板背后设置不同厚度空腔时吸声系数和吸声频率的变化.测量结果表明:以适当的打孔率打孔后,吸声系数提高30%左右,打孔率过高,吸声系数反而降低;随着在泡沫铝吸声板后设置的空腔厚度的增加,吸声峰值向低频偏移.可通过改变打孔率和背后空腔深度来设计用于降噪的闭孔泡沫铝吸声结构.     

泡沫铝吸声性能的研究

本文通过测试泡沫铝的吸声系数来研究泡沫铝的吸声性能。结果表明，泡沫铝具有较好的吸收性能，其吸声系数对于频率很敏感，大约在1000Hz时吸声系数出现一个峰值。吸声系数随孔结构的变化有一定的规律性。     

密度对泡沫铝吸声性能和抗拉强度的影响

采用驻波管法测量吸声系数以及用金属拉伸试验方法,研究了密度对熔体发泡法制备的泡沫铝样品吸声性能和抗拉强度的影响,并对密度的影响机理进行了分析。研究结果表明,随密度的减小泡沫铝的吸声性能增大,泡沫铝的抗拉强度为几个MPa数量级,密度减小,泡沫铝的抗拉强度呈直线下降。本试验得到的密度对泡沫铝吸声性能和抗拉强度的影响规律与日本的研究结果相似。     

多孔泡沫铝的制备及其吸声性能测定

研究了开发了采用真空渗流法制备多孔泡沫铝合金的技术，该法显著减小了渗流时型腔内气体反压力，有利于细孔（孔径0．4－0．7mm)多孔泡沫铝的成形，解决了渗流法难以制备孔多孔泡沫铝合金的难题，测试结果表明，所制备的多孔泡沫铝合金具有优良的高频吸声性能。     

穿孔法改进泡沫铝的吸声性能

利用熔体发泡技术制备不同孔径和气孔率的泡沫铝,对不同气孔率的原始状态泡沫铝以及孔径为1.1 mm的穿孔泡沫铝的吸声性能进行研究。结果表明:未设置背腔时,原始状态泡沫铝的吸声性能不高,设置背腔后,由于泡沫铝中所含通透结构的作用,泡沫铝的吸声性能明显提高;穿孔泡沫铝的穿孔率在0.5%～1.0%范围,设置60～80 mm背腔时可使降噪系数超过0.42,比原始状态泡沫铝不设置背腔时的降噪系数高2倍左右;穿孔泡沫铝设置背腔后的吸声特性符合Helmholtz共振吸声的规律,但受到穿孔结构、泡沫铝原本存在的缺陷组成的通透结构和气泡孔在穿孔过程中被打开的小开口等因素的影响。     

闭孔泡沫铝的电磁屏蔽性能

采用粉末冶金发泡法制备闭孔泡沫铝,通过调整发泡剂含量、发泡温度、粘度、保温时间等手段,制得孔隙率可调、孔洞分布均匀的闭孔泡沫铝样品,并测试了不同孔隙率、孔径泡沫铝样品的电磁屏蔽性能.结果表明:在100～1000MHz内,泡沫铝的电磁屏蔽性能在60～90dB之间,且随着孔隙率、孔径的增加,泡沫铝的电磁屏蔽性能下降.     

闭孔泡沫铝的导热性能

研究了孔隙率、孔径对闭孔泡沫铝合金导热系数的影响，结果表明，由于大量孔洞的存在，泡沫铝的导热系数较同样成分的实体材料显著下降，孔隙率在0．80—0.93范围内，约为实体材料的1／30—1／80，随着孔隙率的增加，导热系数迅速下降，而孔径对泡沫铝的导热系数影响不大．从串-并联和并-串联模型出发，分析了孔隙率对泡沫铝材料导热系数的影响，发现串-并联模型更能反映泡沫铝的结构特征，与实测值吻合更好。     

建筑用降噪泡沫铝合金的吸声性能研究

制备了3种特殊孔结构的Al-Si12泡沫铝,并研究了特殊孔结构对泡沫铝吸声吸能的影响。结果表明,与常规单一孔结构泡沫铝相比,特殊孔结构泡沫铝在高频区和低频区的吸声效果较强,而在中频区吸声效果相对较差。对于层状周期孔结构、层状梯度孔结构和宽孔径范围孔结构的泡沫铝,层状周期和层状梯度的层数越多或孔隙率越大,其吸声吸能越好。     

组合形式对打孔闭孔泡沫铝板吸声效果的影响

将不同打孔率、厚度、打孔方式的闭孔泡沫铝板与玻璃棉进行组合,使用驻波管吸声测试仪进行吸声系数测试,研究组合形式对闭孔泡沫铝板吸声效果的影响。结果表明,通过对吸声峰值、降噪系数、半峰宽值的计算和比较可以看出,吸声峰值在低频的试样在前、峰值在高频的试样在后的组合形式有利于吸声,出现两个吸声峰,降噪系数和半峰宽值也都大大提高;打孔闭孔泡沫铝板与玻璃棉的组合使峰值略有提高,但性能总体的改变不大,而玻璃棉本身易造成环境污染,因此,该种组合不适于在吸声领域应用。     

应变速率对闭孔泡沫铝力学性能和能量吸收性能的影响

采用分离式霍普金森压杆 (SHPB)技术 ,研究了应变速率 (1× 10 - 3s- 1 ～ 2 5 0 0s- 1 )对泡沫铝力学性能和能量吸收性能的影响。结果表明 :泡沫铝有较高的应变速率敏感性 ,随应变速率的增加 ,泡沫铝的屈服强度和吸能能力增加 ,泡沫铝的应变速率敏感性随应变、应变速率变化幅度的增加而增加。     

Sound absorption and insulation property of closed-cell aluminum foam

The closed-cell aluminum foams （specimen p=0.31 g/cm^3, diameter of 100 nun, and thickness of 20 mm for sound absorption testing; specimen p=0.51 g/cm^3, length of 1 240 mm, width of 1 100 mm, and thickness of 30 mm for sound insulation testing） were prepared by the method of molten body transitional foaming process. Its sound absorption property under frequency of 160-2 000Hz and the sound insulation property under frequency of 100-4 000 Hz were tested. The sound absorption results show that the sound absorption property is much better under middle frequencies than that under low and high frequencies. The sound absorption coefficient climbs when frequency increases from 160 Hz to 800 Hz and then drops when frequency is increased from 800 Hz to 2 000 Hz. The function of the sound absorption mainly depends on the Helmholtz resonator, the microphone as well as cracks of closed-cell aluminum foam. The sound insulation experiments show that the sound reduction index （R） is small under low frequencies, and large under high frequencies; the weighted sound reduction index （Rw） and the highest sound reduction index （R） can reach around 30.8 dB and 43 dB, respectively.     

Cell-structure and mechanical properties of closed-cell aluminum foam

1　INTRODUCTIONMetalfoamsexhibitunusualmechanical,ther mal,acoustic ,damping ,electricalandchemicalprop ertiesthatcannotbefoundinsolidmaterials .Thosespecialpropertiesmayleadtoavarietyofapplicationsinstructuralandfunctionalproducts.Closed cellalu minumfoamisalight massstructuralmaterialofgreatpromise .Itsdensityisonlyafractionofthatofthecorrespondingbulkmetal,butitsstrengthissuf ficientlyhightobeusedintheautomobileindustry ,buildingindustryandtransportation .Examplesoftheirapplicationsinc…     

Creep behavior of a closed-cell aluminum foam

The results of creep tests on a closed-cell aluminum foam (Alporas) are reported. At low stresses and temperatures, the behavior is well described by existing models for foams. At high stresses and temperatures, the power law creep exponent increases from about 4 to 15 and the activation energy increases from about 100 to 450 kJ/mol. The increase in power law exponent may be related to damage; a finite element damage model of a two-dimensional honeycomb gives consistent results with the measured foam behavior.     

Tensile property of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam

1Introduction The unique properties of metallic foams make them useful in a number of potential application fields including damping,electromagnetic shielding,heat exchange,sound insulation,sound absorption,and energy absorption[1?4].The closed-cell alumi…     

Al基和Al-6Si基闭孔泡沫铝的动态吸能性能

利用熔体转移发泡法制备不同基体成分不同密度的闭孔泡沫铝,从能最吸收能力、能量吸收效率以及能量吸收图等方面对其动态吸能性能进行研究.结果显示:无论是Al基还是Al-6Si基的闭孔泡沫铝,能量吸收能力随应变的增加而增大,且随相对密度的增加,能量吸收能力先增加后减小;能量吸收效率的变化具有明显的缓慢增加、趋于平缓和缓慢减小的特征;随着应力的增加,闭孔泡沫铝单位体积的吸能能力先快速提高,达到一定值后上升趋势减缓,出现明显的肩;对应此密度的闭孔泡沫铝可以提供最大容许应力σp,且随着相对密度的减小,最大容许应力σp逐渐减小;相同密度Al基和Al-6Si基的闭孔泡沫铝能量吸收能力相比,前者的要大一些,但Al-6Si基闭孔泡沫铝的吸能效率要比Al基闭孔泡沫铝的吸能效率高,且最高吸能效率比较稳定持久.     

闭孔泡沫铝材料制备过程中气泡的形成与演化

以熔体直接发泡法制备闭孔泡沫铝材实验为基础,通过获得不同实验阶段的泡沫铝样品,以及对实验样品切面或断面进行观察和分析,描述了在熔体发泡法制造泡沫铝过程中TiH2加入熔体后的分解过程,原始气泡的形成方式以及产生的气泡和未分解TiH2的存在状态;解释了气泡进一步长大的原因和未分解的TiH2如何释放气体;表述了气泡的合并和无泡层的形成.结果表明:未分解的TiH2颗粒粘附在熔体内形成的较小气泡表面,即气/液相界面上;在恒温发泡过程中气泡壁上吸附的尚未分解的TiH2颗粒进一步分解并向气泡内释放气体,使气泡长大;相邻气泡壁上的TiH2局部浓度较高并集中释放气体,导致气泡壁破裂及气泡间的合并.     

Novel manufacturing process of closed-cell aluminum foam by accumulative roll-bonding

A new manufacturing process for closed-cell aluminum foams was developed using bulk aluminum sheets as a starting material. Aluminum preform containing titanium hydride powder was successfully produced through accumulative roll-bonding (ARB). Heating the preform sheets under the controlled temperature conditions, we obtained foamed aluminum plates of about 40% porosity.     

Mechanical property extraction through conical indentation of a closed-cell aluminum foam

Deformation and energy absorption characteristics of a closed-cell aluminum foam, ALPORAS, during deep indentation were experimentally investigated by employing frustum of cone shaped indenters with varying cone angles and are compared with those observed in uniaxial compression with an objective of estimating mechanical properties such as shear strength from the indentation experiments. Morphological examination of the indents obtained when the cone angle is 0° (a flat-ended cylindrical punch) reveals crushing of the cells beneath the indenter and tearing of the cells at the periphery. No lateral spread in plastic deformation is observed. When the cone angle is greater than 0°, shearing of the foam at the periphery takes place in addition to tearing, and the shearing increases with the cone angle. An analytical model that incorporates all the three modes of deformation, crushing, tearing, and shearing, is used to describe the force–displacement and energy absorption data as a function of the cone angle. In turn, it was demonstrated that material properties such as the tear energy and shear strength could be extracted from the conical indentation data.