热循环对预应变NiTi记忆合金丝/铝基复合材料马氏体逆相变的影响

采用热压法将0.26mm的NiTi合金丝复合于铝中,利用SEM,DSC,热膨胀仪等实验手段研究了热循环对预应变为4%的NiTi合金丝/铝基复合材料马氏体逆相变的影响。结果表明,在第一次加热过程中,马氏体逆转变开始温度明显升高;第二次加热过程中逆转变开始温度比未预应变样品略有降低;随热循环次数增加,逆相变开始温度降低;当循环次数超过30次后,逆转变温度几乎保持不变。并对热循环过程中的马氏相变过程进行了分析讨论。     

热处理对NiTi形状记忆合金的相变的影响

对含Ti 50.8%的NiTi形状记忆合金在300℃、400℃、500℃保温不同时间进行时效处理,然后通过差示扫描量热仪DSC对其相变温度点进行测定,发现经时效处理调节后,Af最大可下降20~30℃左右,而Ms变化不大。通过不同时效温度和保温时间的DSC曲线比较,得出热处理对其相变温度点的影响规律,即在300~500℃时效处理时,保温时间越短,Af降低越明显,在相同保温时间时,保温温度越低,Af降低越明显。     

热循环对Ni47Ti44Nb9合金马氏体相变和记忆性的影响

用电阻、恢复率同步测量的方法，研究了热循环对Ｎｉ４７Ｔｉ４４Ｎｂ９合金马氏体相变和记忆性的影响，并通过Ｘ－射线衍射、金相观察等方法对其微观机理进行了探讨。结果表明，随着热循环次数的增加，合金Ｍｓ明显下降；但热循环下不能诱发Ｒ相变，并对合金记忆性无明显影响。     

球磨对高温熔盐合成的NiTi粉体的相变影响

采用球磨工艺使高温熔盐合成的NiTi粉末的相变行为发生改变，进而研究了球磨过程中球磨转速、球磨时间、摘要过程控制剂和时效处理对NiTi相变的影响。利用差示扫描量热法（DSC）、X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等现代检测手段对NiTi粉末的成分、组织形貌以及NiTi的相变行为进行了相应的分析研究。     

NiTi形状记忆合金相变过程中的超声波声速特性

用超声脉冲反射法测试了NiTi形状记忆合金（SMA）在相变过程中的纵波声速,研究了合金声速随温度变化的规律。结果表明：在非相变温度范围内,NiTi合金声速随温度缓慢变化,但在发生相变的温度范围内,声速的变化趋势发生明显改变;测得NiTi合金的各相变温度与常规电阻法基本一致,与电阻法等其他测量相变温度的方法相比,纵波声速法具有简单易行、测量方便以及对工件无损伤等优点。     

爆炸合成NiTi／NiTi合金的相变行为

采用爆炸焊将两块原子百分比不同的NiTi合金制成大块成分不均匀的NiTi／NiTi复合板，并在此基础上对其相变行为以及相应的回复应变特征进行了研究。结果表明焊后的复合板具有良好的界面结合和可逆马氏体相变；冷变形后NiTi／NiTi合金的逆相变温度及其相变温度范围随预应变量的增大而升高；同时，在较宽的温度范围内得到两步回复应变。     

预变形和热循环对Ni50Ti45Ta5形状记忆合金相变行为的影响

利用示差扫描量热仪研究了预变形和热循环对Ni54Ti45Ta5形状记忆合金相变行为的影响。研究结果表明：预变形后合金的马氏体发生了稳定化现象。形变后第一次热循环．逆相变温度增加。正相变温度降低；而第二次相变循环。马氏体的稳定化现象消失。热循环使相变温度降低。减少了相变热。     

NiTi形状记忆合金疲劳行为的研究现状

NiTi形状记忆合金具有比其它同类合金更优良的力学性能、形状记忆效应、超弹性、阻尼特性和生物相容性等特点,广泛应用于工程、民用和医学领域.综述了NiTi形状记忆合金疲劳行为的研究现状;对其疲劳行为及其机制的研究,有助于进一步提高NiTi形状记忆合金的性能并延长它的寿命.     

Cu对NiTi形状记忆合金相变点（Ms）影响的电子结构分析

本文依据固体经验电子理论，建立了ＮｉＴｉ形状记忆合金马氏体晶胞的键络模型，并就合金化元素Ｃｕ对ＮｉＴｉ合金Ｍｓ点的影响进行了电子结构分析。为揭示该类功能材料中成分－性能－结构之间的内在联系做了初步探索，从电子结构的层次上初步解释了Ｃｕ对ＮｉＴｉ合金Ｍｓ点的作用机制。     

约束加热温度对近等原子比NiTi合金相变行为的影响

本文用电阻法、X 射线衍射和透射电镜技术研究了约束加热温度对近等原子比 NiTi 合金相变行为的影响。结果表明,合金的相变行为随约束加热温度的不同而有显著差异。未经约束加热的试样中仅发生马氏体相变,经100℃和450℃约束加热后,在发生马氏体相变前分别发生无公度相变和 R 相变,而经550℃约束加热后,则仅发生马氏体相变。文中分析了上述相变行为的内在原因,并指出与不同约束加热温度下所发生的内应力场有关。     

Effects of plate thickness on reverse martensitic transformation of prestrained NiTi/NiTi alloy

In this paper, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to study the effects of predeformation and plate thickness on the reverse martensitic transformation of explosively welded NiTi/NiTi alloy. Results showed that there was a constraint between Ni_50.4Ti (NiTi-1) and Ni_49.8Ti (NiTi-2), which led to that the thickness of NiTi-1 or NiTi-2 strongly affected the reverse martensitic transformation behavior because residual stress variations in thickness wound enable bias force to be built inside the composite. The DSC measurements showed that after deformation, the reverse martensitic transformation temperature of the composite was increased with the increasing thickness of NiTi-2. Also, the XRD results revealed that the microstructure of NiTi/NiTi alloy changed from B2 phase to B19’ phase along the thickness direction.     

表面氧化及离子注氮对NiTi形状记忆合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用电化学测试的方法，研究了表面氧化以及表面氧化-离子注氮两种表面改性方式对NiTi形状记忆合金在人体生理模拟液(Hank′s溶液)中腐蚀行为的影响。腐蚀电位和极化曲线的测量结果表明表面氧化-离子注氮的方法使NiTi合金材料的腐蚀电位正移。雏钝电流密度下降，钝化电位区间扩大，合金表面耐蚀性明显提高。尤其是NiTi合金在进行氮离子注入后，测得击穿电位显著上升．增强了表面膜的抗局部腐蚀能力。因而表面氧化-离子注氮的改性方法可使材料的耐蚀性达到最佳。通过XPS的分析发现，离子注氮后合金表面形成氮化钛相以及富含羟基的化学效应，使NiTi基体的电化学性能得到提高。     

超弹性NiTi合金循环相变诱发塑性本构模型

为定量描述镍钛形状记忆合金循环相变诱发塑性导致的超弹性退化行为,在广义粘塑性框架下对Graesser模型进行了拓展,考虑了奥氏体和马氏体弹性模量的差异以及马氏体非线性硬化行为,引入循环相变过程中相变应力和残余应变的演化方程,建立了超弹性Ni Ti合金循环相变诱发塑性本构模型,总结了模型参数确定方法.通过镍钛形状记忆合金微管的循环相变试验结果和模拟结果的对比表明,提出的模型能够很好地预测镍钛形状记忆合金的循环相变诱发塑性行为。     

Selective laser melting of NiTi alloy with superior tensile property and shape memory effect

It is a challenge to develop complex-shaped NiTi shape memory alloy parts by traditional processing methods, due to the poor machinability of NiTi alloy. It is reported that selective laser melting (SLM) of additive manufacturing could overcome this problem. However, the reported SLM-produced NiTi exhibits poor tensile ductility due to the inner defects and adverse unidirectional columnar grains from SLM process. In this work, the defect-less SLM-NiTi with nondirective columnar grains was fabricated by optimizing the intraformational laser scanning length and interformational laser scanning direction. The obtained lath-shaped SLM-NiTi sample exhibits tensile strain of 15.6%, more than twice of the reported maximum result (˜7%). Besides, the SLM-NiTi part with complex geometry displays a shape memory recovery of 99% under compressive deformation of 50%.     

Non-proportional multiaxial transformation ratchetting of super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloy: Experimental observations

Experimental observations are reported for the non-proportional multiaxial transformation ratchetting of super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloy performed under the stress-controlled cyclic tension–torsion loading conditions and at room temperature. The effect of axial mean stress on the evolutions of transformation ratchetting strain and dissipation energy per cycle during the cyclic tests is discussed firstly; and then the dependence of multiaxial transformation ratchetting on the different non-proportionally loading paths (e.g., linear, square, hourglass-typed, butterfly-typed, rhombic and octagonal paths) is investigated. The results show that the multiaxial transformation ratchetting occurs mainly in the axial direction because only the non-zero axial mean stress is used and the mean shear stress is set to be zero in the all prescribed multiaxial loading paths; and the axial peak and valley strains increase with the increasing axial mean stress and also depend significantly on the shapes of loading paths. Comparison with the corresponding uniaxial ones illustrates that the multiaxial stress states are more helpful to promote the development of transformation ratchetting, especially for the non-proportional ones.     

Effect of graphite addition on martensitic transformation and damping behavior of NiTi shape memory alloy

In this investigation, the effect of graphite addition on martensitic transformation and damping behavior of Ni₅₀Ti₅₀ (at.%) shape memory alloy has been studied. It is found that martensitic transformation temperature decreases obviously with the addition of graphite. Microstructural observation shows that TiC precipitates and forms whiskers when the carbon content is increased beyond ~ 0.6%. With the increase of graphite content, the damping capacity during reverse transformation increases initially and then decreases while the damping capacity of full martensite is remarkably improved by the addition of graphite particles. It is proposed that the enhancement of damping capacity can be ascribed to the high damping capacity of graphite itself, as well as, the increase of the amount of interface between martensite and austenite can be beneficial to the damping capacity.     

Microstructure and mechanical behaviors of electron beam welded NiTi shape memory alloys

The vacuum electron beam welding (EBW) technique was employed to weld Ni_50.8Ti_49.2 shape memory alloy sheets, and the microstructure, transformation behaviors and mechanical behaviors of the welding joints were investigated systematically. The microstructure observation showed that the weld seam was composed of coarse columnar crystals at the center and relatively fine columnar crystals near the fusion line. The abnormal high intensity of B2_2 0 0 peak in XRD patterns and preferred orientation in EBSD indicated that the grains in the weld seam have grown preferentially along the 〈1 0 0〉 crystal orientation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves exhibited an increase of the martensite start temperature (M_s) of the weld seam, which led to the mixed microstructure of martensite and austenite at room temperature. As a result, the ultimate tensile strength of the welding joint was 85% as high as that of the base metal at room temperature, while it could reach 93% at 223 K when both the weld seam and the base metal were in pure martensitic state.     

High strain and long duration cycling behavior of laser welded NiTi sheets

The use of NiTi in complex shaped components for structural applications is limited by the material cost and machinability and adequate joining techniques have been investigated to minimize the thermal cycle effect on the superelastic and shape memory effects exhibited by NiTi. Laser welding is the most used joining process for this material. However, existing studies mainly address the functional properties of laser welded NiTi wires, and the superelastic cycling tests are limited to either a low number of cycles (maximum 100) or to low strains (below 6%). This paper discusses the results of the cycling behavior exhibited by laser butt welded 1 mm thick NiTi plates, when tested to high strains (up to 10%) and for a large number of cycles (600). The superelastic effect was observed and the microstructural changes induced by the laser welding procedure, namely the extension of the thermal affected regions, were seen to influence the evolution of the accumulated irrecoverable strain. Thus, it is possible, by controlling the heat input introduced during welding, to tune the maximum superelastic recovery presented by NiTi laser welds.     

变形约束时效NiTi形状记忆合金弹簧的双程记忆效应

利用变形约束时效的方法制作了双程记忆弹簧,采用DSC和温度-位移记录仪表征了弹簧的相变行为和双程记忆效应。DSC和双程记忆动力学曲线均表明弹簧在升温过程的形状变化由马氏体逆相变M/R→A控制,而冷却过程受A→R→M两阶段相变控制,并且R相变对双程记忆应变量的贡献比马氏体相变的贡献大。与马氏体相变相比,R相变诱发的双程记忆效应具有较窄的动作滞后温度以及很高的记忆稳定性,这与变形约束时效时所获得的一定取向的Ti3Ni4相共格内应力场有关。结果表明:变形约束时效是获得双程记忆弹簧的良好途径,制作方法相对简单,获得的双程记忆应变量大,且稳定性高,尺寸制作具有很强的可设计性以及动作温度的可控性。