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采用乳液法和机械共混法制备有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/NR/NBR复合材料,并对其微观结构、物理性能、动态力学性能和耐油性能进行研究.结果表明:大多数OMMT片层以纳米尺寸均匀分散在NR基体中;随着OMMT用量的增大,OMMT/NR/NBR复合材料物理性能和耐油性能提高;与NR /NBR并用胶相比,OMMT/NR/NBR纳米复合材料具有更低的滚动阻力. 相似文献
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NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用乳液共沉法和直接混炼法制备NBR/PVC/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,研究纳米复合材料的硫化特性、微观结构、动态力学性能和热稳定性.结果表明,OMMT能够显著促进NBR的硫化反应,使NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料的焦烧时间和正硫化时间明显缩短;乳液共沉法和直接混炼法NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料是插层型纳米复合材料,乳液共沉法NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料中的OMMT分散更为均匀,其储能模量、玻璃化温度和热分解温度均高于NBR/PVC共混物和直接混炼法NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料,具有较好的动态力学性能和热稳定性. 相似文献
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有机蒙脱土对聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料结构与性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用熔融插层法制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/聚氯乙烯(PVC)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)纳米复合材料,研究了复合材料的结构,考察了OMMT填充量对复合材料物理机械性能、耐热性能及耐溶剂性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT在复合材料中实现了纳米级分散,且极性PVC大分子在剪切力和热的作用下插入OMMT层间,形成PVC-OMMT纳米复合材料;随着OMMT填充量的增加,OMMT/PVC/NBR纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、300%定伸应力均先升高后降低,扯断伸长率降低,邵尔A硬度和永久变形呈增大的趋势,回弹性变化不大,耐溶剂性能先提高后降低;OMMT/PVC/NBR复合材料的耐热性能优于未填充OMMT复合材料。 相似文献
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采用熔体插层法制备有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/BIIR纳米复合材料.结果表明,OMMT/BIIR纳米复合材料是有序插层型纳米复合材料,在OMMT用量(0~15份)较小的情况下,其物理性能随着OMMT用量的增大明显提高;与BIIR胶料相比,其气密性优异. 相似文献
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丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构与性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用胶乳共沉法和直接共混法制备了丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙稀/有机蒙脱土(NBR/PVC/OMMT)纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)法和透射电子显微镜(TEM)法对NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构进行了袁征,并研究了复合材料的力学性能、耐油性能和耐老化性能。结果表明,2种方法所获得的复合材料是插层型纳米复合材料;胶乳共沉法制备的纳米复合材料中OMMT的分散更为均匀,其力学性能、耐油性能和耐老化性能优于直接共混法制备的复合材料。 相似文献
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机械共混法制备丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构及性能 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
用机械共混法将4种牌号的有机蒙脱土(OMMT)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)/聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混,制备了纳米复合材料,并对其微观结构、硫化特性、力学性能以及耐油性进行了考察.结果表明,该复合材料具有插层型结构;4种牌号的OMMT均能提高共混胶的硫化速率,且能提高纳米复合材料的力学性能,其中牌号为FMR 11的OMMT增强效果最好,当其用量为6份时,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度比纯胶提高了49.96%,撕裂强度提高了36.9%,扯断伸长率也有所提高;随着OMMT用量的增加,纳米复合材料的耐油性逐渐提高. 相似文献
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A new ampholytic homopolypeptide, , which has one tertiary amino and two carboxyl groups in the side chain has been derived from a hydrochloride salt of poly(L-lysine). The polymer in aqueous solution seems to be in the coil form with locally extended structure (LES) at neutral pH. In both the acidic and alkaline regions, the molar ellipticity of the polymer changes as a result of change in net charge on the side chain. The conformational changes may be from the coil with LES to other coiled forms. 5–7 M NaClO4 and 80% aqueous methanol induce the α-helix in the polymer at neutral pH. Divalent cations, Cu2+ and Ca2+, do not induce any remarkably ordered structures such as α-helix or β-structure in the polymer in aqueous solution at any pH. Ultraviolet absorption studies show an absorption peak of the polymer-Cu2+ complex near 240 nm. Dependence of the peak intensity on pH at various q values () indicates the two steps of the complex formation. At q less than 0.64, the formation is described only with the first step. An average coordination number for Cu2+ at the first step was calculated to be about 2 by the method of Mandel and Leyte. The association constant of Cu2+ with the residue at the step was determined from the absorption data to be far smaller than that for the Cu2+-EDTA complex. The second step of the formation occurs in the case of large q but the absorption data for the second step cannot be obtained exactly due to precipitation. 相似文献
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Silvia Schicker Daniel E. García Igor Gorlov Rolf Janssen Nils Claussen 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1999,82(10):2607-2612
Wet milling of Al2 O3 -aluminide alloy (3A) precursor powders in acetone has been investigated by milling Fe/Al/Al2 O3 and Fe2 O3 /Al/Al2 O3 powder mixtures. The influence of the milling process on the physical and chemical properties of the milled powders has been studied. Particle refinement and homogenization were found not to play a dominant role, whereas plastic deformation of the metal particles leads to the formation of dislocations and a highly disarranged polycrystalline structure. Although no chemical reactions among the powder components in Fe2 O3 /Al/Al2 O3 powder mixtures were observed, the formation of a nanocrystalline, ordered intermetallic FeAl phase in Fe/Al/Al2 O3 powder mixtures caused by mechanical alloying was detected. Chemical reactions of Fe and Al particle surfaces with the atmosphere and the milling media lead to the formation of highly porous hydroxides on the particle surfaces. Hence the specific surface area of the powders increases, while the powder density decreases during milling. The fraction of Fe oxidized during milling was determined to be 0.13. The fraction of Al oxidized during milling strongly depends on the metal content of the powder mixture. It ranges between 0.4 and 0.8. 相似文献
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Sintering kinetics of the system Si3 N4-Y2O3 -Al2 O3 were determined from measurements of the linear shrinkage of pressed disks sintered isothermally at 1500° to 1700°C. Amorphous and crystalline Si3 N4 were studied with additions of 4 to 17 wt% Y2 O3 and 4 wt% A12 O3 . Sintering occurs by a liquid-phase mechanism in which the kinetics exhibit the three stages predicted by Kingery's model. However, the rates during the second stage of the process are higher for all compositions than predicted by the model. X-ray data show the presence of several transient phases which, with sufficient heating, disappear leaving mixtures of β ' -Si3 N4 and glass or β '-Si3 N4 , α '-Si3 N4 , and glass. The compositions and amounts of the residual glassy phases are estimated. 相似文献
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Akira Akimoto 《Polymer》1974,15(4):216-218
The polymerization of vinyl chloride has been investigated using an catalyst system in the presence of various Lewis bases. Effective Lewis bases are γ-butyrolactone, diglyme and diethylenetriamine which are multidentate. The rate of polymerization is dependent not only on the basicity of the Lewis base used but also on a coordination number of one. The latter is the predominant factor. For the effect of polymeric amines, a tentative hypothesis is discussed. 相似文献
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Mats Carlsson Mats Johnsson Mats Nygren 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1999,82(8):1969-1976
Ta0.33 Ti0.33 Nb0.33 C and Ta0.33 Ti0.33 Nb0.33 C x N1− x whiskers were synthesized via a carbothermal vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism in the temperature range 900°-1450°C in Ar or N2 . The optimum temperature was 1250°C. Whiskers were obtained in a yield of 70-90 vol%. The whiskers were 0.5–1 µm in diameter and 10–30 µm in length. The starting materials that produced the highest whisker yield were: TiO2 , Ta2 O5 , Nb2 O5 , C, Ni, and NaCl. C was added to reduce the oxides, and Ni to catalyze whisker growth. NaCl was used as a source of Cl for vapor-phase transportation of Ta and Nb oxochlorides and Ti chlorides to the catalyst. The catalyst metal was recycled several times during the synthesis and was transported as NiCl2 ( g ) according to thermodynamic calculations. The rate of formation and the chemical composition of the whiskers depended on the synthesis temperature, the choice of catalyst, and the atmosphere. At low temperatures, the whiskers were enriched in Nb and Ta, whereas the Ti content increased with increased synthesis temperature. 相似文献