QPQ工艺的盐浴配方及其发展

渗氮或氮碳共渗盐浴由碱性碳酸盐和氰酸盐组成,有些还有含硫物质。渗氮盐浴的再生剂是三嗪聚合物。氧化盐浴含有碱金属氢氧化物、碱金属硝酸盐和碱金属碳酸盐以及少量的强氧化剂。深层QPQ技术和低温QPQ技术是QPQ工艺的新发展。     

38CrMoAl主驱动齿轮低真空变压气体渗氮

本文介绍了用于钢件气体渗氮或氮碳共渗的WLV-Ⅰ型低真空变压表面处理多用炉的工作原理、结构及特点,并结合38CrMoAl钢主驱动齿轮的生产工艺特点和效果,分析讨论了提高产品质量和优化生产工艺的措施。实际生产使用表明:与普通炉相比,低真空变压热处理工艺装备及技术具有显著的节能、减排、快速、高质量、低成本的特点,是"老三炉"更新换代的理想产品。     

38CrMoAlA、40Cr钢经不同渗氮工艺处理后的性能研究

研究了38CrMoAlA和40Cr钢经气体渗氮、气体氮碳共渗、离子渗氮处理后渗氮层的组织、硬度、摩擦磨损和腐蚀性能。试验结果表明，38CrMoAlA钢渗氮层的硬度及在3．5％NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能高于40Cr钢，但抗摩擦磨损性能不如40Cr钢。依气体渗氮、气体氮碳共渗到离子渗氮的顺序，渗氮层的抗磨损性能逐次提高，但抗腐蚀能力逐次降低。从钢的化学成分、渗氮层的硬度和韧性出发，对38CrMoAlA和40Cr钢渗氮层的性能差异进行了分析与总结。     

QPQ技术的盐浴调整和维护

详细介绍了QPQ技术的盐浴调整和维护方法及铁素体氮碳共渗盐浴中氰酸根CNO-、氰根CN-和碳酸根CO3=的分析方法。在大生产中,保持盐浴成分的稳定和可控,使其在规定的范围内波动,是得到合格产品的必要条件。此外还论述了QPQ技术的氮碳共渗盐浴和氧化盐浴的成分控制和维护方法,包括新盐的熔化,老盐的调整、维护和保养。     

盐浴铁素体氮碳共渗的工艺控制

全面介绍了一种新的金属表面改性技术,即盐浴铁素体氮碳共渗的工艺过程及其控制要点,渗氮温度和渗氮时间等工艺参数的确定,盐浴中CNO^-和CN^-含量的控制,盐浴的维护,工件的预先热处理以及渗氮质量的检验,并结合生产实际作了说明。     

38CrMoAl钢轴向柱塞C.N.S.三元共渗后的组织和性能

用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察和分析了38CrMoAl钢轴向柱塞经气体氮碳共渗和液体碳氮硫共渗后的组织形貌,并且用能谱分析的方法定性地测定了渗层的化学成分。结果表明,三元共渗所用的盐浴成分具有脱氧作用,38CrMoAl钢盐浴碳氮硫共渗的渗层深度为0．38mm、表面硬度为840HV0．2,符合技术要求。     

QPQ技术的渗氮工艺对零件抗蚀性的影响

QPQ工艺是一种主要包括盐浴渗氮和盐浴氧化的表面强化技术。通过经QPQ处理的低碳钢片的盐雾试验,探讨了盐浴渗氮温度和时间对经QPQ处理的工件抗蚀性的影响。结果表明,存在一个适当的渗氮温度和渗氮时间范围,在该范围内处理的零件抗蚀性最佳。     

重型汽车内齿圈气体氮碳共渗质量分析

利用宏观分析、显微检验、硬度测试和装车试验等手段，对引进奥地利重型汽车内齿圈按照新的气体氮碳共渗工艺处理后的质量进行了研究。结果表明，新工艺不仅能达到国外设计指标，还比Tenifer工艺具有更高的抗磨损能力与更低的成本。     

QPQ技术在9mm警用转轮手枪上的应用

QPQ盐浴复合处理技术是一种新的金属表面强化改性技术,该技术应用于9mm警用转轮手枪取得了明显的成效,手枪表面得到强化的同时又提高了耐磨性、耐蚀性,还具有优良的外观。工艺控制的要点是渗氮温度和渗氮时间,盐浴中CNO-和CN-含量和盐浴的清洁度,前处理对表面质量非常重要。     

工具钢渗氮后的韧性和抗弯性能

最近，对经渗氮和未渗氮的AISI H13、AISI D2、K340、AISI D6和AISI M2等工具钢进行了详细的研究。采用了不同的渗氮工艺，包括气体渗氮、液体渗氮以及液体渗氮＋扩散处理，并进行了对比。对这些钢进行了弯曲试验和冲击试验，以评定其性能。用光学金相技术表征其显微组织。渗氮处理会降低无缺口冲击试样的断裂模数和冲击吸收功。由于扩散层较深，导致经气体渗氮处理的试样的力学性能下降。通过扩散处理来减薄液体渗氮试样的白亮层厚度并不会影响试样的力学性能。试验结果表明，渗氮对工具钢的最有害的影响是使冲击试验的冲击吸收功降低。     

预氧化法气体快速渗氮工艺分析与应用

分析了预氧化法气体快速渗氮工艺特点,通过与低温铁素体氮碳共渗在球墨铸铁曲轴中的应用效果进行比较,认为该工艺渗氮速度快,效果理想。     

Plasma and Gaseous Nitrocarburizing of C60W Steel for Tribological Applications

A comparison has been made between plasma and gas nitrocarburizing processes for C60W steel in terms of structural features of the layers and the tribological properties of the specimens. Gaseous treatments were performed in a sealed quench industrial furnace in optimized process cycles. For plasma nitrocarburizing, a semi - industrial size unit was operated at a range of process parameters. Experimental results indicate that increasing the treatment time increases the thickness of the compound layer but lowers the wear resistance. Plasma treatment produced a more effective case depth compared with gaseous process, providing a better uniformity. Analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the compound layer in gas nitrocarburizing consisted of both e and γ‘ phases, whereas in plasma nitrocarburizing the ε phase was not detected.     

提高H13钢分流锥的使用寿命

分析了Ｈ１３钢分流锥的失效机理，研究了离子渗氮，气体氮碳共渗及常压等离子喷涂等对其使用寿命的影响。     

材料的活性屏等离子渗氮

近年来,等离子渗氮技术的迅速发展和在表面工程领域的应用呈现出减缓的趋势,其原因是传统的直流等离子体技术存在一些固有的缺点,例如,炉温难以保持均匀,等离子体不够稳定以及因打弧而引起工件表面损伤等。克服这些不足之处的努力促使了活性屏等离子渗氮(ASPN)技术的发展。本文从技术和环境优势角度证明,ASPN可以应用于低合金钢、工具钢、不锈钢以及能进行传统直流等离子渗氮的其他钢种。此外,ASPN可以处理不适合直流等离子渗氮的非导电材料,如经氧化处理的钢和高分子材料。从长远看,对环境友好且技术先进的等离子渗氮比传统的盐浴和气体渗氮更有优势。活性屏等离子渗氮技术是充分发挥等离子体技术在化学热处理及有关表面工程中应用潜力的新方法。     

Nature of Surface Changes in Stamping Tools of Gray and Ductile Cast Iron During Gas and Plasma Nitrocarburizing

Two cast irons, pearlitic-ferritic gray and ferritic ductile, were plasma and gas nitrocarburized at the same temperature and for the same processing time to produce a compound zone of about 10-14 μm thick. It was demonstrated that both processes caused changes in the surface roughness of the irons, and the most dramatic increase of roughness was observed after gas nitrocarburizing of the gray cast iron. It was shown that the primary reason that the results were not the same is the difference in the nitriding mechanism. Significant penetration of the surface voids and imperfections between the graphite particles and the metallic matrix by ammonia molecules led to the formation of a locally thicker compound zone and a bulging of the metallic matrix above the surface. This phenomenon did not occur in the plasma process and as a result the surface changes were much smaller than in the gas process.     

Active screen plasma nitriding of materials

Abstract

The rapid development and the uptake of plasma nitriding technology into industrial surface engineering have slowed down in recent years. This is attributed to some of the inherent shortcomings of conventional dc plasma technology, for example, difficulties in maintaining a uniform chamber temperature, instability of the plasma and potential surface damage to parts caused by arcing. Efforts in overcoming these problems have led to the development of active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) technology. This review demonstrates that with all its technological and environmental advantages, ASPN can be used to treat low alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels and other steels which can conventionally be nitrided with dc plasma technology. In addition, ASPN can be used to treat non-conducting materials such as oxidised steels and polymeric materials which are not suitable for a dc plasma nitriding system. In the longer term, environmental friendly and technologically advanced plasma nitriding will outperform conventional salt bath and gaseous methods. Active screen plasma nitriding is a novel way of possibly achieving the full potential of plasma technology for thermochemical surface engineering.     

柴油机齿轮和销轴盐浴氮碳共渗畸变控制

分析影响齿轮和销轴盐浴氮碳共渗后畸变的因素。通过盐浴氮碳共渗试验,发现盐浴中氰酸根(CNO-)含量的变化造成渗层组织的不同,引起零件尺寸的变化。把CNO-的含量控制在限定范围内,可以有效控制畸变。     

不锈钢盐浴氮碳共渗后的组织和耐蚀性

探讨了几种奥氏体钢、马氏体不锈钢经盐浴氮碳共渗处理后共渗层特点,并对进行了测炒锈钢零件选和氮碳共渗工艺提高耐磨性提供了有效的参考。     

曲轴盐浴氮碳共渗工艺研究

研究了 ＷＤ６１５柴油机曲轴盐浴氮碳共渗工艺。结果表明：曲轴基体硬度和冷却方式对共渗层表面硬度的提高有着直接的影响。按时捞渣以净化盐浴可有效地防止疏松层过厚,同时可降低盐浴中ＣＮ－含量。     

模具钢的TD法盐浴渗金属表面强化

简述了TD法盐浴渗金属的机制和所用设备的结构。较详细介绍了T10、Cr12、GCr15、W6Mo5Cr4V2和4Cr5MoSiVl等常用模具钢TD法渗钒、渗铬和渗铌的盐浴成分,所得到的覆层的组织、性能及其影响因素;TD法渗金属工艺参数对覆层厚度的影响;Crl2钢用含稀土的盐浴TD法渗铬覆层的显微组织;T10钢TD法盐浴渗铌覆层的相结构。