镁合金石膏型熔模真空浇注压力凝固成形的研究

实验研究了镁合金石膏型熔模真空浇注压力凝固过程,分析了真空度、浇注温度对镁合金流动性的影响以及凝固压力、操作时间与镁合金拉伸性能的关系.结果表明,高真空度下提高浇注温度,既可解决镁合金氧化问题,又可使镁合金液在石膏型中获得很好的充型.凝固压力越高,操作时间愈短,得到的铸件组织越致密,镁合金铸件拉伸性能愈高.     

镁合金真空低压消失模铸造的技术特征与实践

详细介绍了镁合金在真空低压消失模铸造下的技术特征.试验研究表明真空低压消失模铸造的流动性受充型气体的流量与压力、浇注温度、涂层厚度、泡沫密度、真空度等多方面的因素影响;在低充型速度和低真空度的条件下,液态镁合金在真空低压消失模铸造过程中的充型形貌均呈现以内浇道为中心的拱形层状推进流动,如充型速度加快,金属液流动前沿拱形形貌更加突出,而真空度增加会出现明显的"附壁效应";与重力消失模铸造比较,真空低压消失模铸造镁合金铸件凝固更呈现"同时凝固"特征;由于快速充型、压力下凝固,镁合金真空低压消失模铸造零件的铸态抗拉强度(σb=180.8MPa)、屈服强度(σ0.2=113.2 MPa)、伸长率(δ=4.4%),高于重力消失模铸造、树脂砂真空型铸造的铸态性能,达到了金属型铸造的铸态性能,经热处理达到了压力铸造镁合金的性能范围.浇注实践表明,真空低压消失模铸造对液态镁合金,具有良好的抗氧化保护能力、优良的浇注充型性能和力学性能,可铸造出高精度的、薄壁复杂的镁合金消失模铸件.     

镁合金真空低压消失模铸造的技术特征与实践

介绍了镁合金在真空低压消失模铸造下的技术特征。研究表明：真空低压消失模铸造的流动性受充型气体的流量与压力、浇注温度、涂层厚度、泡沫密度、真空度等多方面的因素影响；在低充型速度和低真空度的条件下，液态镁合金在真空低压消失模铸造过程中的充型形貌均呈现以内浇道为中心的拱形层状推进流动，如充型速度加快金属液流动前沿拱形形貌更加突出。而真空度增加会出现明显的“附壁效应”；与重力消失模铸造比较，真空低压消失模铸造镁合金铸件凝固更呈现“同时凝固”特征；由于快速充型、压力下凝固，镁合金真空低压消失模铸造零件的铸态抗拉强度（σh=180．8MPa）、屈服强度（σ0.2=113．2MPa）、伸长率（δ=4．4％），高于重力消失模铸造、树脂砂空型铸造的铸态性能，达到了金属型铸造的铸态性能，经热处理达到了压铸镁合金的性能范围。浇注实践表明，真空低压消失模铸造对液态镁合金，具有良好的抗氧化保护能力、优良的浇注充型性能和力学性能，可铸造出高精度的、薄壁复杂的镁合金消失模铸件，是一种极有潜力和优势的镁（铝）合金精密铸造技术。     

基于数值模拟的发动机缸体压铸模浇注系统优化设计

针对镁合金发动机缸体设计了2种不同类型的浇注系统,运用铸造模拟软件ProCAST对2种浇注系统下铸件的充型和凝固过程进行模拟,预测了充型时间、凝固时间和铸件中可能存在的缩孔、疏松及气孔缺陷的分布与尺寸,提出了优化的浇注系统设计。结果表明:在浇注温度670℃、模具初始温度220℃、压射速度8.5m/s的条件下,扇形浇注系统设计优于梳形浇注系统设计。     

挤压铸造镁合金轮毂浇注系统的数值模拟

在浇注温度为680℃,冲头压射速度为0.5 m/s,模具初始温度为250℃,保压压力为80 MPa等工艺条件下,利用数值模拟软件对侧向浇注和中心浇注的AM60B镁合金摩托车轮毂铸件进行了模拟.通过对金属充型过程的可视化观察及分析表明,中心浇注系统更为合理.进一步对优化后的浇注系统进行凝固过程模拟和缺陷分析,结果表明,铸件缩孔缩松和卷气倾向明显减少,改善了铸件质量,优化了铸造过程.     

镁合金转向器铸件真空压铸过程的模拟研究

针对汽车镁合金转向器铸件,采用数值模拟的方法研究了其真空压铸成形过程,分析了在高真空度条件下金属液充型的特点,并在此基础上对比研究了在高真空度、低真空度以及常压条件下充型及凝固的规律。结果表明,提高型腔真空度能有效地提高金属液充型能力,避免铸件内气孔的产生,但对缩孔、缩松缺陷的形成没有影响。     

基于AnyCasting的镁合金缸盖结构设计与工艺参数优化

在实际压铸试验的基础上,提出了合理的铸件结构和压铸工艺参数。利用AnyCasting软件求解了不同工艺参数和铸件结构对铸件充型、凝固过程的影响规律。在现有的镁合金汽车缸盖铸件条件下,根据凝固规律重点研究了铸件中可能存在的缩松、缩孔分布与尺寸。结果表明:优化的铸件结构以及优化的压铸工艺参数(浇注温度680℃,模具温度190℃,冲头低速速度0.2 m/s,高速压射速度为6 m/s,真空度30 kPa)能够明显降低铸件凝固时间以及减少铸件内部缩松、缩孔数量;同时在优化设计的基础上,结合阿基米德原理和力学性能测试验证了工艺参数和铸件结构的合理性,生产出了具有致密微观组织的镁合金零件。     

基于数值模拟的镁合金真空压铸浇注系统设计与优化

设计出两种类型的浇口及浇注系统,运用有限元模拟软件对两种设计进行模拟,观察液态金属充型及凝固过程中流场和温度场的分布.根据凝固规律有效预测铸件中可能存在的缩孔及气孔缺陷的分布与尺寸,找出优化的浇注系统设计.结果表明:在浇注温度655℃、模具初始温度200℃、冲头压射速度3 m/s、真空度30 kPa情况下,具有阶梯分型面结构的浇注系统优于平直分型面结构;同时在优化设计基础上生产出具有致密微观结构的镁合金零件.     

基于数值模拟的镁合金压铸浇注系统的设计与优化

对镁合金壳体零件设计了两种类型的浇注系统,运用有限元模拟软件对两种设计的充型和凝固过程进行模拟,通过观察流场和温度场的分布情况,预测充型时间、凝固时间以及铸件中可能存在的缩孔及气孔缺陷的分布与尺寸,提出优化的浇注系统设计.结果表明:在浇注温度655℃、模具初始温度200℃、冲头压射速度2.4 m/s的条件下,阶梯分型面设计采用的浇注系统优于平直分型面设计的浇注系统.     

镁合金薄壁件的石膏型精密铸造

对镁合金石膏型熔模铸造不同浇注方式进行了对比试验和充型过程模拟。结果表明,由于石膏型透气性差,低压铸造方法要优于重力铸造。薄壁镁合金铸件的主要缺陷是冷隔,重力铸造冷隔程度比较严重,而且很难通过改善工艺消除;而低压铸造基本无冷隔缺陷,即使出现轻微冷隔,也很容易通过提高浇注温度和增加压力的方法消除。重力铸造无法避免铸件的氧化,而低压铸造通过一定措施可使铸件不氧化。     

Effect of pressure on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-based alloy prepared by squeeze casting

A new high-strength aluminum alloy with better fluidity than that of ZL205A was developed. The effect of applied pressure during squeeze casting on microstructures and properties of the alloy was studied. The results show that the fluidity of the alloy is 16% and 21% higher than that of ZL205A at the pouring temperature of 993 K and 1 013 K, respectively. Compared with permanent-mold casting, mechanical properties of the alloy prepared by squeeze casting are much higher. The tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are 520 MPa and 7.9% in squeeze casting under an applied pressure of 75 MPa, followed by solution treatment at 763 K for 1 h and at 773 K for 8 h, quenching in water at normal temperature and aging at 463 K for 5 h. The improvement of mechanical properties is attributed to the remarkable decreasing of the secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS) and eliminating of micro-porosity in the alloy caused by applied pressure.     

模具温度和浇注温度对AZ91D镁合金热裂和流动性能的影响

研究了模具温度和浇注温度对AZ91D镁合金热裂性能与流动性能的影响。结果表明,提高模具温度可以显著改善合金的抗热裂性能;当模具温度为368℃时,AZ91D合金在各种浇注温度下均不产生热裂;当模具温度较低(<268℃)时,浇注温度为688℃时,合金的抗热裂性最佳;随着模具温度提高,浇注温度对合金热裂性的影响逐渐减弱消失。浇注温度与模具温度对AZ91D镁合金的流动性能影响显著,两者的提高均能改善合金的流动性能。当模具温度较低(68℃)时,少量提高模具温度不能显著改善合金的流动性能;当浇注温度较高(718℃)时,进一步提升浇注温度,也不能明显改善合金的流动性能。为了获得较好的流动性能与抗热裂性能,应采用较高的模具温度(≥268℃)和适当的浇注温度(688～718℃)生产AZ91D镁合金产品。     

可控气压下镁合金消失模铸造工艺参数的研究

研究了模样密度、涂层厚度、浇注温度、真空度等工艺参数对可控气压下镁合金消失模铸造时液态金属的充填形态和充型速度的影响,以及充型速度与充型形态之间的关系.结果表明:在可控气压下镁合金消失模铸造过程中,液态镁合金呈拱形平稳向前推进,并随着泡沫模样密度的降低、涂层厚度的减小、浇注温度和真空度的提高,充型速度提高.各因素对充型速度的影响效果由大到小的顺序是:泡沫模样密度→涂层厚度→浇注温度→真空度.通过分析实验数据,建立了可控气压下镁合金消失模铸造的充型速度的非线性数学模型.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy by expendable pattern shell casting with different mechanical vibration amplitudes and pouring temperatures

To refine the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of AZ91 D alloy by expendable pattern shell casting(EPSC),the mechanical vibration method was applied in the solidification process of the alloy.The effects of amplitude and pouring temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 D magnesium alloy were studied.The results indicated that the mechanical vibration remarkably improved the sizes,morphologies and distributions of the primaryα-Mg phase andβ-Mg17 Al12 phase,and the densification and tensile properties of the AZ91 D alloy.With an increase in amplitude,the microstructures were gradually refined,resulting in a continuous increase in mechanical properties of the AZ91 D alloy.While,with the increase of pouring temperature,the microstructures were continuously coarsened,leading to an obvious decrease of the mechanical properties.The tensile strength and yield strength of the AZ91 D alloy with a vibration amplitude of 1.0 mm and a pouring temperature of 730℃were 60%and 38%higher than those of the alloy without vibration,respectively.     

Heat transfer characteristics of lost foam casting process of magnesium alloy

1 Introduction The growing demand for mass reduction in aerospace and automotive industries has greatly increased the magnesium application. Currently, casting is the main industrial forming method for magnesium alloys, but the lag of research and develop…     

AZ91镁合金负压消失模铸造流动性的研究

研究了镁合金消失模铸造中,模样材料、试样尺寸、浇注温度、涂料厚度、直浇道高度以及真空度等因素对ＡＺ９１镁合金流动性的影响。研究表明,ＡＺ９１镁合金流动性,随着模样厚度,浇注温度及加真空度的增加,但随涂料厚度和密度和增另而降低。直浇道高度对流动性无显著影响。     

Influence of technical parameters on strength and ductility of AlSi9Cu3 alloys in squeeze casting

An orthogonal test was conducted to investigate the influence of technical parameters of squeeze casting on the strength and ductility of AlSi9Cu3 alloys. The experimental results showed that when the forming pressure was higher than 65 MPa, the strength (σ_b) of AlSi9Cu3 alloys decreased with the forming pressure and pouring temperature increasing, whereas σ_b increased with the increase of filling velocity and mould preheating temperature. The ductility (δ) by alloy was improved by increasing the forming pressure and filling velocity, but decreased with pouring temperature increasing. When the mould preheating temperature increased, the ductility increased first, and then decreased. Under the optimized parameters of pouring temperature 730 °C, forming pressure 75 MPa, filling velocity 0.50 m/s, and mould preheating temperature 220 °C, the tensile strength, elongation, and hardness of AlSi9Cu3 alloys obtained in squeeze casting were improved by 16.7%, 9.1%, and 10.1%, respectively, as compared with those of sand castings.     

Evaluation of the effect of vacuum on mold filling in the magnesium EPC process

The combination of magnesium alloys with the expendable pattern casting (EPC) process will bring a bright future for the application of magnesium alloys. Vacuum is a pre-requisite parameter in the EPC process of magnesium alloys, because without vacuum, the fluidity of the magnesium alloy in the EPC process is too poor to fill the mold completely, especially for the thin-section castings. In this investigation, the effect of vacuum on the fluidity of AZ91 magnesium alloy has been explored. A modified model has been presented to explain the effect of vacuum on mold filling, which was verified by optical microscopy.The results obtained indicate that vacuum is the most effective parameter in improving the fluidity, the effect of vacuum on the fluidity interacting strongly with the pouring temperature and coating. Vacuum greatly changes the mass and heat transfer in the EPC process. Vacuum may not only control the profile of the metal–foam interface, which will influence the mass transfer process, but may also greatly speed up the removal rate of pattern decomposition products at the metal–coating interface. It also changes the primary heat-transfer mode to heat convention, which has a great influence on the distribution of the casting temperature field and solidification process. The microstructures of castings cast with vacuum exhibit a fine grain size and a small amount of precipitated Mg₁₇Al₁₂, but vary insignificantly with the location in the castings.     

Fluidity of aluminium die castings alloy

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to investigate the fluidity of four different high pressure die cast Al–Si alloys at different pouring temperatures. A vacuum fluidity test apparatus was employed to measure fluidity. The analysed alloys showed different flow sensitivities to casting temperatures. Furthermore, it is showed that among the considered alloying elements, magnesium and silicon affected the fluidity of the melt. One alloy was then contaminated with 50% scrap addition, increasing the amount of oxide inclusions. The fluidity of the contaminated melt has then been measured and compared with the fluidity of the clean melt. The results show that the fluidity of the alloy with scrap addition is lower than that of the clean melt. Further the fluidity linearly increases at increasing temperatures within the range between 580 and 680°C until it reaches a plateau at the highest pouring temperatures.