平板膜生物反应器在川西生活污水处理厂的应用

四川省绵竹市某镇区污水处理厂一期工程设计规模4 000 m3/d,采用平板膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺,为该技术在川西生活污水处理厂中的首次应用,出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级A标准.介绍了工程的设计参数、处理工艺流程及其设计特点,并对实际运行效果做了分析.     

城镇污水处理厂升级改造工程对水质的改善作用探讨

调研分析了北京市目前运行的几座污水处理厂的实际出水水质,并与升级改造后出水应达到的水质进行比较,找到其中差距及存在的问题,为升级改造工程提供相应的数据支持。在此基础上分析了三种升级改造工艺对水质的改善作用,并对污水处理厂的升级改造提出建议。     

一体化污水净化系统在入河排污口门污水治理中的应用

智能一体化污水净化系统集生化工艺段及设备间于一体,将A/O/A/O工艺与MBR技术结合,高效去除污水中的COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷、SS等,并集成智能控制系统,有效提高运行效率。根据处理水量不同,污水净化系统出水水质分别满足天津《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(DB12/599-2015)中的B标准和C标准。该系统具有技术先进、自动化程度高、占地少、运行成本低、无二次污染、出水水质稳定等优点。该系统应用在东丽区入河排污口门的污水治理中,取得了良好的处理效果。     

MBR工艺在城市污水处理厂中的工程应用

无锡市城北污水处理厂四期工程设计规模5万m3/d,采用先进的膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺,尾水采用臭氧消毒工艺,设计出水水质执行<城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准>(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准.介绍了该工程的概况、工艺流程、设计参数,总结分析了工艺设计的技术特点和要求.     

混凝法强化处理缺氧变速生物滤池出水的试验研究

对缺氧变速生物滤池 (ABF)处理城市污水出水的混凝强化处理效果进行了试验研究。试验中选用聚合氯化铝 (PAC)、聚合硫酸铁 (PFS)、聚合硅酸铁 (PFSS)为絮凝剂 ,聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM )为助凝剂。结果表明 ,在不调整 pH的条件下 ,处理后的出水主要水质指标可达到国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978- 96 )一级要求     

无锡市梅村污水处理厂MBR工艺优化运行研究

无锡市梅村污水处理厂二期工程采用分置式膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺,处理规模为3万m3/d。正式投产后尽管实际运行参数与设计参数存在一定差距,系统仍运行稳定,出水水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918—2002)的一级A标准。阐述了系统运行参数,分析运行费用并总结了运行要点。     

小麦淀粉废水处理工程改造及调试

采用铁炭微电解—UASB—生物接触氧化工艺对小麦淀粉废水处理工程进行改造。实践证明,该工艺可有效改善出水水质,CODCr去除率达98%以上,出水水质达《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)二级标准。     

皮毛加工废水处理技术

采用混凝沉淀、水解酸化、百乐克生化池、两级曝气生物滤池处理皮毛加工废水。实际运行结果表明,该工艺运行出水水质稳定,处理效果好,出水水质可达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A排放标准的要求。     

BNR—MBR组合工艺处理生活污水研究进展

目前城市污水处理工艺多采用生物营养盐去除工艺(BNR),引入膜生物反应器(MBR)组成BNR—MBR组合工艺,可以提高出水水质,实现水资源的回用。与传统的BNR工艺相比,组合工艺的某些运行条件和工艺参数发生了改变。概述了BNR—MBR工艺应用在生活污水处理中的工艺特征,分析和探讨了组合工艺对氮、磷的去除特性以及膜污染控制。     

厌氧滤池—太阳能曝气生物滤池处理农村生活污水技术研究

针对农村生活污水的特点,在曝气生物滤池前设置厌氧生物滤池。生活污水在厌氧生物滤池中通过厌氧生物反应,污水中的主要有机物得到去除,部分未直接去除的有机物经水解、酸化后将大分子有机物转化为小分子有机物,而其生化性得到显著提高。曝气生物滤池作为保证出水水质的功能区,好氧生物反应由太阳能曝气系统提供氧气。进入曝气生物滤池中的污水有机物浓度较低,氧化、硝化反应彻底,出水水质实现达标排放。     

Efficiencies of residual organic pollutants removal from secondary effluent by switching of coagulation- air flotation -filtration processes.

It is an essential task to remove the residual organic pollutants (ROP) from secondary effluent of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in wastewater reclamation and reuse processes. Four different compared flow schemes would be achieved for further purification of the secondary effluent by switching of different valves. In order to mainly remove non-biodegradable residual organic pollutants under various operating conditions, the optimum technology and economic process was obtained in the advanced purification flow scheme at a flow of 3200 m(3)/d in Harbin Wenchang WWTP. Conclusions under a lot of experiments show that: choosing the coagulation-settler plus biofilm filter for advanced purification process is reasonable; during the stable operation phase, this process showed good performance in removing the COD, BOD5, TP, NH3-N and SS; the removal rates are 50%, 39%, 67%, 50%, 80% respectively. The effluent is able to excel the requirements for wastewater reuse standards. The unit cost of the water is 0.542 yuan/m(3), which is far below the fee paid for supply water, long-distance transfer water or seawater desalination through economic analysis.     

城市污水中污染物监测与分布规律探讨

为了明确城市污水中各种污染物质的分布规律,对典型城市二级处理出水中有机污染物、大肠杆菌、金属离子、浊度、色度等污染物进行了检测分析,在大量检测数据的基础上,通过概率纸检验和非参数假设检验等方法对污染物的分布规律进行了统计分析,发现二级处理污水中污染物在显著性水平α=0.10的条件下都服从或近似服从对数正态分布,从而可用对数正态分布函数对城市污水中污染物的出现频率进行量化描述,为水质模型的建立和运行提供基础资料.     

Occurrence and fate of organic pollutants in combined sewer systems and possible impacts on receiving waters.

Selected organic pollutants are classified based on an intensive literature survey. Two wastewater parameters (COD and ammonium) and six selected organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), estradiol (E2), ethinylestradiol (EE2), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and nitrilo triaceticacid (NTA)) are specified. As a result, for the first time representative concentrations in dry weather flow, surface runoff and effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in combined sewer systems (CSS) are stated. The second part of the paper presents a first estimation of main emission out of a combined sewer system and possible receiving water impacts in terms of (1) annual discharged loads calculated by pollution load simulations in a hypothetical catchment and (2) concentrations calculated in combined sewer overflows (CSO) discharges and resulting receiving water concentrations.     

短流程工艺用于污水处理厂升级改造的试验研究

针对新建、改(扩)建污水处理厂占地面积受限的实际情况,以污水处理厂出水水质提标为目标,提出MBR工艺、强化生物脱氮+磁分离工艺、强化生物脱氮+微絮凝工艺三种短流程提标工艺,并通过中试和生产性试验,探讨短流程提标工艺的可行性.试验结果表明,三种工艺出水水质均能够稳定达到<城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准>(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准,与传统活性污泥法+传统深度处理工艺比较,其水力停留时间更短,缩短了工艺流程.在此基础上,还进行了三种工艺的技术经济分析.     

氨吹脱-A2/O工艺处理高浓度养殖废水

介绍了氨吹脱-A2/O工艺处理高浓度养殖废水的工程实例.运行结果表明,CODCr的平均去除率为97.4%,NH3-N去除率为91.9%,出水的各项指标均符合<畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准>.该工艺具有剩余污泥少,耐冲击负荷能力强,难降解有机物去除效率高等优点.     

Possibilities of reduction of recipient loading of tannery wastewater in Slovenia

The leather industry is well known as a high consumer of water (30 to 80 m³ for 1 ton of processed raw skins). At the same time this industry is known for the: high specific pollution of wastewater. The main characteristics of tannery wastewater are: high salinity, high organic loading (COD, BOD₅), high content of ammonia and organic nitrogen. and presence of specific pollutants (sulphide, chromium).The largest Slovenian tannery (IUV Vrhnika) processing 40 to 50 t of pig skins daily has a good system of physico-chemical pre-treatment of their wastewater (coagulation and flocculation with AI-sulfate and anionic polyelectrolyte). In pre-treatment, about 60% of organic substances are removed (COD and BOD₅) and above 95% of sulfide and chromium. Concerning Siovenian regulations and taking into consideration the fact that this tannery is located on the relatively small and slowly running river Ljubljanica such pretreatment is not sufficient. The company would like to supplement pre-treatment with biological treatment.Laboratory and pilot scale feasibility experiments including conventional biological treatment with activated sludge and combined anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic treatment with fixed biomass using mechanical pretreated wastewater and pretreated wastewater with flotation were performed. It became clear that effective biological treatment requires long retention times (several days) for applicable effluent.     

Confectionery industry: a case study on treatability-based effluent characterization and treatment system performance

Source-based wastewater characterization and stream segregation provide effective management of industrial wastewaters. The characterization of wastewater sources from a confectionery factory was presented and performance of the wastewater treatment plant was evaluated in this study. All of the wastewater sources in the factory, except the vacuum water line, can be characterized by high concentrations of soluble pollutants and low pH. High organic content of the wastewater generated from the confectionery industry promoted the application of anaerobic technology as a pre-treatment before the conventional aerobic treatment. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and biogas production for expanded granular sludge bed reactor were 88% and 1,730 Nm(3)/day, respectively. The effluent from the investigated facility can be used for irrigation provided that conductivity values are within acceptable limits.     

Vertical flow constructed wetlands for municipal wastewater and septage treatment in French rural area.

This paper presents the purification performance of 20 wastewater treatment plants with vertical reed bed filters (Macrophyltres), built between 1998 and 2003 by SAS Voisin, for communities of between 150 and 1400 PE. The first stage vertical reed bed (directly fed with raw wastewater by intermittent feeding) achieved high removal of SS, BOD and COD (mean respectively 96%, 98%, 92%). The second stage permitted compliance easily with effluent standards (SS < 15 mg/l, BOD < 15 mg/l, COD < 90 mg/l and mean TKN < 10 mg/l). Performance was not significantly influenced by variations of organic and hydraulic load, nor by seasonal variations. Rigorous operation and maintenance were required to obtain optimal performances. Another application of vertical reed beds is the treatment of septage (sludge from individual septic tanks). The results obtained on two sites operating for 2 and 3 years are presented. The first site achieved complete treatment of septage (solid and liquid fraction), the second permitted a pre-treatment for co-treatment of percolate with wastewater.     

改进型移动床生物膜反应器处理有机废水的试验

改进型移动床生物膜反应器(CMCBR)是在普通移动床生物膜反应器中引入导流板,使填料在全池循环移动,消除了普通移动床生物膜反应器的死角。在CMCBR处理模拟生活污水的试验中,研究了有机物的去除效果,考察了容积负荷、水力停留时间、冲击负荷等参数对处理效果的影响。试验发现,在填料填充比例为50%(体积比),进水COD质量浓度为320~550mg/L,水力停留时间为3 h的条件下,出水COD质量浓度小于100 mg/L,达到国家污水综合排放标准的一级标准。反应器具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,出水水质稳定。     

Reducing the total discharge from a large WWTP by separate treatment of primary effluent overflow.

At many large wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) the increased hydraulic load, caused by combined sewer systems during storm events, results in primary effluent overflow when the capacity of further treatment is exceeded. Due to stringent effluent standards, regulating the total discharge from the WWTPs, the Rya WWTP in G?teborg and the Sj?lunda WWTP in Malm? will have to reduce the impact of primary effluent overflow. Separate, high rate, precipitation processes operated only during high flow conditions have been investigated in pilot units at the two WWTPs. Precipitation in existing primary settlers operated at a surface loading of 3.75 m/h removed phosphorus to 0.35 mg/l. The Actiflo process was also shown to remove suspended solids and phosphorus well. BOD was reduced by 50-60%. With such processes the overall effluent concentrations from the plants can be reduced significantly. Key upgrading features are small footprints, short start up time and high efficiency.