高性能复合材料的树脂传递模塑技术（续）

(4)双马来酰亚胺树脂(BMI) 近年来,以耐高温性能著称的BMI体系引起工业界,尤其是航空航天工业的高度重视。BMI的发展极为迅速,目前已经商品化的BMI预浸料牌号已有10余种,但所有这些品种均难用于RTM成型,主要原因是在室温或较低温度下粘度大,难以满足RTM对基体工艺性的要求。因此,要使BMI     

树脂传递模塑—复合材料成型新工艺

树脂传递模塑是一种新型的树脂基复合材料成型方法，具有许多独特的优点，近年来发展迅速。本文全面综述了该方法的工艺过程及研究应用概况，介绍了今后进一步发展的方向。     

用于树脂传递模塑的高性能树脂基体EI

概述了树脂传递模塑（ＲＴＭ）技术的特点，用于ＲＴＭ技术的树脂基体的要求和树脂基体的发展概况。着重介绍高性能树脂基体。     

树脂传递模塑-复合材料成型新工艺

树脂传递模塑是一种新型的树脂基复合材料成型方法 ,具有许多独特的优点 ,近年来发展迅速。本文全面综述了该方法的工艺过程及研究应用概况 ,介绍了今后进一步发展的方向。     

高性能复合材料的树脂传递模塑技术

从成型原理及特性、预成型加工、高性能树脂、应用及展望等五个方面,对用于高性能复合材料的树脂传递模塑(RTM)技术进行了全面的评述。     

6421双马来酰亚胺树脂的反应流变性及树脂传递模塑成型工艺研究

对用于RTM工艺的6421双马来酰亚胺（BMI）树脂体系的反应流变特性进行了研究，并根据流变特性确定RTM工艺的两个主要参数：模具温度110－140摄氏度，注射压力小于0．5MPa，结果表明，按此工艺条件可顺利成型先进RTM复合材料，且复合材料的表面质量良好，孔隙率低，达到先进复合材料的性能要求，同时对RTM成型的编织复合材料的力学性能进行了初步的表征。     

树脂传递模塑工艺的模内固化及复合材料脱模变形

开展树脂传递模塑工艺的模内固化及复合材料脱模变形分析,有助于优化材料配方和反应加工条件,进而提高复合材料性能及稳定性。从热-化学模型、固化动力学模型、残余应力模型等方面简述了树脂固化的相关理论模型,综述了树脂固化反应及交联结构、物理力学性能演变的研究进展,以及复合材料内应力形成与发展和脱模变形的研究进展,进而从三个方面讨论了研究发展方向。     

树脂传递模塑过程的数学描述和数值模拟进展

树脂传递模塑(resin transfer molding,RTM)过程的数值模拟对于优化工艺参数和模具设计、控制制品质量等具有重要意义.本文简述了RTM工艺的流体流动特点,介绍了RTM工艺过程数值模拟的理论基础,综述了RTM工艺过程数值模拟的发展历程,并展望了其发展趋势.     

树脂传递模塑工艺专用低粘度环氧树脂体系研究

系统研究了用于RTM工艺的低粘度环氧中温固化体系的工艺特性及力学性能.结果表明,该体系在70 ℃以上存在低于100 mPa.s的低粘度平台,其浇铸体拉伸模量高达3.7 GPa,可满足RTM工艺对树脂粘度及力学特性的要求.     

QY8911双马来酰亚胺树脂和复合材料低成本

QY8911双马来酰亚胺树脂的开发有效地提高了碳纤维复合材料性能,推动了先进复合材料在航空工业中的应用。QY8911双马来酰亚胺树脂配方设计可调变余地较大,适合于多种低成本成形工艺,使碳纤维复合材料结构总成本显著降低。已成功地开发出以低成本的PTM、RFI、VARI以及适合于整体成形的系列产品。QY8911双马来酰亚胺树脂的结构特征基团有利于采用电子束固化。     

Numerical simulation of molding-defect formation during resin transfer molding

The present study investigated a numerical simulation of molding-defect formation during resin transfer molding using boundary element method and line dynamics. The proposed method enables to simulate small molding defects by increasing the node for required position during time evolution; thereby, the method computes high-resolution flow front without being affected by the initial mesh geometry. The method was applied to the radial injection RTM with single inlet, and it was confirmed by comparison with theoretical value based on Darcy’s law that the flow advancement was computed with high accuracy. In addition, the method was also applied to the flow advancement for inclusion problem with cylinder, and four-point injection problem. The simulated flow behavior, void formation, and shrinkage agreed with the results in references. Finally, the method was compared with experiments using two-point injection problem. The computed configuration of the flow front and weld line agreed well with the experimental results.     

三维夹芯层连织物复合材料真空辅助成型工艺影响因素

三维夹芯层连织物复合材料是由纤维连续织造呈空芯结构的织物作为增强体制备而成的新型轻质复合材料, 本文中以三维夹芯层连织物复合材料为研究对象, 发展了适用于酚醛树脂的真空辅助成型工艺方法, 重点考察了影响复合材料制造质量的关键因素。结果表明, 芯柱高度对织物的抗压缩能力与厚度回复率影响显著, 热处理有利于织物的厚度回复; 注射过程中, 树脂沿织物平面纬向渗透速率大于经向, 使用高渗透率介质层、 降低树脂黏度有助于提高树脂在层连织物中的分布均匀性。      

缝合夹层结构复合材料树脂传递模塑成型工艺充模仿真

对复合材料与金属经缝合连接形成的夹层结构板的树脂传递模塑成型（RTM）工艺进行了充模模拟研究。首先通过实验和数值计算的方法,分别获得缝合夹层结构织物和芯层孔洞的渗透率;随后,建立能够反映缝孔内流动情况的二维和三维简化模型,进行RTM充模仿真,讨论不同工艺参数对成型流动的影响;最后通过成型实验验证工艺的可行性。缝线与孔洞直径之比为0.3~0.8时,孔洞渗透率随缝线直径的增大而减小,预制体织物渗透率与孔洞渗透率相差两个数量级;缝孔内容易产生缺陷,没有缺陷的区域随着注射压力的增加、孔洞密度和芯层厚度的减小而增大,在芯层表面沿每排孔洞单向开槽能够改善树脂在孔洞内的浸润;线注射时,树脂整体流动情况优于点注射,而点注射时,将进胶口设置在一角,能够减少表面干斑。     

Effect of rapid curing process on the properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composite fabricated using vacuum assisted resin infusion molding

Long processing cycle makes vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) only suitable for low and medium volumes of production, and shortening of curing time is critical to improving the processing efficiency of automotive composite parts. In this paper, unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates were fabricated by VARIM. Three different processes (namely quick, quick-post and preheating) were employed, in which a kind of rapid curing epoxy resin is used. The preheating of mold and fiber was conducted to shorten the filling time compared with that of quick process. Quick-post process with a post cure stage was investigated to verify the composite properties fabricated by quick process. The cycle time was 16 min for preheating process, about 30% shorter than that of quick process, simultaneously, flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) were respectively improved by 29% and 7% compared with those of quick process. The non-uniformity of mechanical properties at different positions along resin flow direction under preheating process was found, but the processing quality of composite was good. The preheating process is confirmed to be suitable for the improvement of processing efficiency of VARIM with good mechanical properties. In addition, the composite fabricated by quick-post process has better mechanical properties, which is attributed to the alleviation of residual stress during post curing process.     

树脂传递模塑工艺中的非饱和流动过程模拟与实验研究

针对编织类纤维增强体的纤维束之间与纤维束内孔隙的双尺度特点,建立了平纹织物的细观结构模型,并推导了汇函数的数学表达式。建立了局部细观流动特征的非饱和流动控制方程,利用有限元/控制体积方法求解,得到了局部饱和度分布。与实验进行比较,吻合较好。      

Forming characteristics during the high-pressure resin transfer molding process for CFRP

The high-pressure resin transfer molding (HP-RTM) process has potential applicability to the mass production of lightweight vehicles made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic in the automotive industry. In recent years, the development of robust equipment, new processes, and fast cure matrix systems have significantly reduced the cycle time to less than 5 min. In this study, the cavity pressure of the HP-RTM process was monitored to analyze the molding characteristics. The mold was equipped with two cavity pressure sensors and three temperature sensors. The cavity pressure characteristics during the HP-RTM injection, pressurization, and curing processes were studied. Selected process parameters such as the mold cap size, maximum pressing force, and injection volume were analyzed. The results demonstrated correlations between the selected process parameters and final forming characteristics.     

真空导入模塑工艺树脂体系化学流变特性及流变模型

采用DSC热分析技术和黏度实验方法,研究了真空导入模塑工艺专用不饱和聚酯树脂体系(Palatal1777-G-4)的固化特性和化学流变特性,建立和对比了树脂体系的修正双阿累尼乌斯流变模型和工程黏度模型,并依据所建立的流变模型预报 Palatal1777-G-4树脂体系的真空导入模塑工艺操作窗口。对比结果表明：修正双阿累尼乌斯流变模型和工程黏度模型分别能较好地反映树脂体系凝胶点前的低黏度平台特性和凝胶点后的黏度变化规律,结合两模型可有效模拟树脂体系在不同工艺条件下的黏度行为,准确预报树脂体系的低黏度平台工艺窗口,为优化真空导入模塑工艺参数和保证制品质量提供科学依据。模型预测结果表明,Palatal1777-G-4 树脂体系在20～38℃温度范围内满足真空导入模塑工艺操作的基本要求,黏度低于300 mPa·s的工艺操作时间长于30 min。     

导流介质对真空导入模塑工艺树脂流动行为的影响

采用可视化流动实验方法研究了高渗透率导流介质对真空导入模塑工艺中树脂流动行为的影响。结果表明: 导流介质能较大幅度地减少树脂的充模流动时间, 且充模时间随着导流介质使用比例的增加而呈线性减少的关系; 导流介质的提速作用随着预成型体厚度的增加而逐渐减弱; 预成型体上下表面树脂流动前沿位置差距与预成型体厚度呈良好的线性增加关系, 说明导流介质的影响作用具有明显的厚度效应。厚度效应原理为真空导入模塑工艺过程的参数优化和保证制品质量提供了理论依据。      

Effect of microwave irradiation on carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite fabricated by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding

The effects of microwave irradiation for resin-curing of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite (CFRTS), which was fabricated by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) method, were investigated at 2.45 GHz frequency. The mechanical properties of CFRTS cured by microwave irradiation for 20 min at 120 °C were similar as compared to the conventional oven for 300 min at 120 °C. Moreover, the CFRTS irradiated by microwave had better adherence property between fiber and resin as compared to conventional oven at same resin-curing time. From the relation between resin-curing and mechanical property, it was found that the curing rate of microwave-irradiated CFRTS was 15 times faster as compared to conventional heating. Furthermore, the activation energies for resin-curing reaction on conventional- and microwave-cured CFRTS were estimated to be 2.7 and 1.3 × 10⁴ J/mol, respectively. The resin-curing reaction in CFRTS prepared by VARTM method was significantly promoted by microwave irradiation at short time.