高分辨连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法测定白豆蔻中金属元素

建立高分辨连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法测定白豆蔻中Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn的方法。以微波消解作为样品的前处理方式,分析乙炔流量和燃烧器高度对测定结果的影响,通过实验分别确定测定Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn的最佳参数。在最佳参数条件下,测定白豆蔻中Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn的含量分别为7 641、982、5 367、87.7 μg/g,加标回收率为97.9%～106.3%,精密度为1.1%～2.1%。该方法快速、准确、稳定、污染少,具有较高的实用价值,可为食品中多元素检测提供科学依据。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定鸡精中微量元素和重金属

采用微波消解处理样品,用全谱直读电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)同时测定鸡精中Ca,Fe,Zn,Mg,Cu,Mn,Cr,Cd,As,Pb等10种金属元素。优化了最佳测定条件,结果表明:鸡精富含人体必需的微量元素。此方法的加标回收率为95.42%~103.52%(n=6),相对标准偏差为1.15%~6.94%(n=10),结果令人满意,为食品中微量元素的测定提供了一种简单可行的方法。     

连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定蓝莓中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn含量

建立高分辨率连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定蓝莓中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn方法。样品采用湿法消解处理样品,用连续光源原子吸收光谱仪对蓝莓中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn的含量进行检测,并对方法的精密度、检出限和回收率进行分析。结果表明：方法测定出蓝莓中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn含量分别为100.3、55.80、2.330、1.413 mg/kg,方法检出限分别为0.030、0.830、0.088、0.049 mg/L,相对标准偏差为1.9%～4.7%,回收率为94.6%～107.0%。本方法可对同时检测蓝莓等果蔬食品中多种金属元素的工作提供帮助,具有灵敏度高、效率高,稳定性好、操作简单的特点。     

预处理方法对测定荠菜中金属元素含量的影响

以荠菜为原材料,比较干法、湿法、微波消解3种不同消解方法对测定荠菜中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn元素含量的影响。通过不同消解方法处理后,利用原子吸收分光光度计测定样品中的6种金属元素的含量。结果表明,测定荠菜中的Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn 6种元素含量时,微波消解法相对于其他两种预处理方法具有较高的回收率,在99.41%~100.25%之间;相对标准偏差(RSD)在6%以下。这说明对植物样品中的金属元素测定而言,微波消解法处理样品可以有效提高测定结果的准确性和重复性。     

微波消解-原子吸收法测定广藿香中矿物质元素及重金属含量

采用微波消解法处理广藿香,利用火焰原子吸收法测定广藿香中Mn、Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca 5种矿物质元素,利用石墨炉原子吸收测定Cu, Pb, As 3种重金属的含量。结果表明,广藿香中Mn、Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca、Cu、Pb、As 含量分别为10.88μg/g、17.33μg/g、233.87μg/g、856.32μg/g、1213.41μg/g、3.68μg/g、0.42μg/g、0.18μg/g。本方法简单、准确,方法加标回收率为98.8%~105.0%,相对标准偏差为0.42%~1.96%。     

微波消解-MPT-AES法测定芦荟中的Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Pb

采用微波消解技术消解芦荟,利用微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法(MPT-AES)测定芦荟中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Pb的含量。考察了分析谱线、载气流量、工作气流量、氧屏蔽气压力等实验参数对元素测定的影响。在最佳实验条件下,方法对Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Pb元素的检出限分别为5.62,3.03,78.36,25.41,6ng/mL;线性范围分别为0.05-100,0.01-100,0.2-20,0.1-20,0.02-10μg/mL;相对标准偏差均<5.10%,回收率为99.7%-102.5%。微波消解方法的测定结果与常规干灰化法测定结果相吻合,且具有准确、快速、操作简便等优点,有一定的实际应用价值。     

原子吸收光谱法测定重庆辣椒微量元素

利用湿法对重庆辣椒进行消解(V_(浓HNO_3)∶V_(HClO_4)为4∶1),运用火焰原子吸收法对重庆辣椒中5种元素Fe,Mg,Zn,Mn,Ca含量进行了测定。实验结果表明:重庆辣椒中这5种元素Fe,Mg,Zn,Mn,Ca分别为156.85,1359.85,23.95,23.75,1050.90μg/g,该法测定样品的RSD在0.3%~3.8%之间,加标回收率在95.0%~108.1%之间。     

原子吸收光谱法测定胡椒粉中微量元素

用4∶1的浓硝酸和高氯酸的混合液消解样品胡椒粉,在仪器的最佳实验条件下运用火焰原子吸收法检测胡椒粉中Fe,Mg,Mn,Ca,Zn这5种元素的含量。结果表明:在胡椒粉中,这5种元素Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg,Zn的含量分别为237.075,1068.885,54.215,517.99,6.715μg/g,该方法所测得样品的RSD为0.0416%~0.9249%,加标回收率为94.5%~100.2%。     

原子吸收光谱法测定蚕蛹中十种矿物元素

用硝酸-高氯酸消解样品,用原子吸收光谱法测定新资源食品蚕蛹中K、Na、Cu、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg、Se、Cr、Mn元素的含量,并对其结果进行了分析。结果显示:在选定的实验条件下,测定方法的回收率为91.1%~108.3%,测定K、Na、Cu、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg、Se、Cr、Mn的精密度RSD为0.10%~9.00%。建立的原子吸收光谱法简便、快速、灵敏、准确。蚕蛹中富含矿物质,是营养价值较高的新资源食品,具有广阔的开发应用前景。     

ICP-AES法测定胡萝卜中常微量元素的研究

分别采用微波消解法、湿法处理样品,以电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)检测胡萝卜中Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Na、K、Ca、Mg、P等16种元素的含量,结果表明:红黄胡萝卜中Fe、Na、K、Ca、Mg、P等元素的含量较高,且K、Mg和Ca表现红胡萝卜黄胡萝卜,Fe、Na和P表现为黄胡萝卜红胡萝卜;Sr仅红胡萝卜中含有,含量为26.22μg/g;ICP-AES检测各元素的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.08%~4.92%之间,各元素回收率在92.18%~106.39%之间。表明湿法消解和微波消解均具有较好的精密度和准确度。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the