纳米级高反应界面活性氧化锌替代间接法氧化锌应用于橡胶制品的可行性分析

对纳米级高反应界面活性氧化锌进行了理化指标比表面积和粒径的测定，同时进行了三种氧化锌变量实验，最后得出以下四个结论：活性氧化锌具有特别低的变价金属含量，有利于它改进在胶料中的老化性能；活性氧化锌的最大特点在于它具有高的反应界面，并通过高达51m^2／g反应界面保证了它在橡胶中具有较高的硫化活化作用；活性氧化锌在胶料中具有与普通间接法氧化锌完全相同的硫化活化作用，随硫化温度升高，活性氧化锌的硫化活性甚至超过普通间接法氧化锌；从不同硫化温度的硫化物理机械性能对比证实，纳米级高反应界面活性氧化锌与司接法氧化锌具有完全相同的物理机械性能；因此，纳米级高反应界面活性氧化锌可以完全等量取代间接法氧化锌，而对胶料性能没有影响。     

氧化锌对集成橡胶SIBR2505硫化特性和力学性能的影响

通过对显微镜观察结果、硫化特性、拉伸性能和动态力学性能的表征,考察了氧化锌在集成橡胶中的混炼工艺以及提高氧化锌分散效果的几种方法.结果表明,增加氧化锌和硬脂酸的用量,高温混炼工艺能够改善未填充集成橡胶硫化胶的力学性能.活性氧化锌、纳米氧化锌和载体氧化锌在集成橡胶中的分散性及硫化胶力学性能优于普通氧化锌,其中纳米氧化锌胶...     

纳米氧化锌的现状与发展

概述了国内外纳米氧化锌制备技术的研究进展,对主要技术的制备过程和工艺特点进行了介绍.介绍了国内外纳米氧化锌的生产现状,通过对主要制备技术工业化生产前景的比较,提出了以尿素为沉淀剂,硝酸锌为含锌原料均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌的工艺路线,研究了相关的工艺过程及反应条件、反应产物的洗涤和纳米氧化锌的煅烧,对存在的问题和今后的研究方向进行了讨论.     

纳米氧化锌微乳液制备方法研究进展

微乳液法具有操作简单、粒径可控、生成粒子的尺寸比较均匀等优点.采用微乳液法制备的纳米氧化锌具有普通氧化锌所无法比拟的光、电、磁等性能.结合国内外的研究进展,主要介绍了微乳液法制备纳米氧化锌的各反应条件的影响.表面活性剂的种类和用量、反应温度、反应物浓度比、后处理温度及时间对产物的形貌和粒径具有重要的影响,通过改变各反应参数可以实现产物从零维向一维方向的转变.     

活性氧化锌在全钢子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验研究活性氧化锌在全钢子午线轮胎胎面胶配方中的应用效果,并与普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌进行对比.结果表明,活性氧化锌胶料的MH和MH-ML均比普通氧化锌胶料有所增大,t10和t90明显延长,与纳米氧化锌胶料差别不大;活性氧化锌硫化胶的物理性能和耐老化性能均优于普通氧化锌硫化胶,但略低于纳米氧化锌硫化胶;活性氧化锌用量不大于5份时,硫化胶的物理性能变化不明显,加入3份活性氧化锌的硫化胶耐老化性能最优.     

纳米氧化锌的制备及应用研究

综述了纳米氧化锌的制备及应用。按照固相、气相和液相分类法叙述了纳米氧化锌生产及研究进展。对上述各种氧化锌生产方法的优点和缺点进行了评述。并对纳米氧化锌的几种应用、生产提出了展望。     

活性氧化锌在布面胶鞋胶料中的应用

介绍了活性氧化锌与普通氧化锌的对比试验及在布面胶料中代替普通氧化锌的实验情况。结果表明采用活性氧化锌代替普通氧化锌可减少氧化锌的用量，对其物理机械性能无影响，仍能满足GB318－83的标准要求，是橡胶工业中理想的无机活性剂，对降低成本有着现实意义。     

中国氧化锌标准

中国先后制定了纳米氧化锌国家标准、直接法氧化锌和氧化锌（间接法）国家标准、饲料级氧化锌化工行业标准、工业活性氧化锌和软磁铁氧体用氧化锌化工行业标准、医药级氧化锌中华人民共和国药典（2000年版）。现将中国已制定的国家标准和化工行业标准汇总一处，见表1。表6。     

活性氧化锌试验与应用

以胎面、ＩＩＲ内胎、垫带和钢丝覆胶配方为基础，进行活性氧化锌和间接法氧化锌对比试验。结果表明，在用量相同时，活性氧化锌与间接法氧化锌具有相近或略优的物理机械性能；焦烧时间比间接法氧化锌长，硫化速度稍慢，未发现活性氧化锌可比间接法氧化锌减量应用的迹象。     

纳米氧化锌的现状与发展

概述了国内外纳米氧化锌制备技术的研究进展,对主要技术的制备过程和工艺特点进行了介绍。简述了国内外纳米氧化锌的生产现状,通过对主要制备技术工业化生产前景的比较,提出了以尿素为沉淀剂,硝酸锌为含锌原料均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌的工艺路线,研究了相关的工艺过程及反应条件、反应产物的洗涤和纳米氧化锌的煅烧,对存在的问题和今后的研究方向进行了讨论。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。