成型工艺对PVC/稻糠发泡复合材料结构与性能的影响

研究了挤出法与模压法对PVC/稻糠发泡复合材料力学性能、泡孔结构、线胀系数的影响。结果表明,挤出法和模压法制备的PVC/稻糠发泡复合材料的泡孔分别呈椭球形和球形,挤出法比模压法制备的PVC/稻糠发泡复合材料具有更好的力学性能,稻糠的加入能降低发泡复合材料的线胀系数。挤出法制备的PVC/稻糠发泡复合材料的稻糠用量可达60份,而模压法则不宜超过40份。     

竹粉用量对PVC/竹粉复合材料阻燃抑烟性能的影响

采用自制的聚乙烯蜡接枝马来酸酐对竹粉进行改性,并制备了PVC/竹粉复合材料;研究了改性竹粉用量对PVC/竹粉复合材料阻燃抑烟性能的影响.结果表明:①PVC/竹粉复合材料的氧指数随着改性竹粉用量的增加而下降;②当改性竹粉的用量为10~50份时,PVC/竹粉复合材料的垂直燃烧性能达到FV-0级,水平燃烧性能达到FH-1级;...     

PVC/Nano-SiO_2复合材料性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚氯乙烯/纳米二氧化硅(PVC/nano-SiO2)复合材料,研究了nano-SiO2用量对复合材料力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了nano-SiO2在PVC基体中的分散性。结果表明:随着nano-SiO2用量的增加,PVC/nano-SiO2复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度均呈先增后降趋势,而弯曲模量则呈增加趋势;另外,随着nano-SiO2用量的增加,其在PVC基体中的分散性逐渐变差。     

增容剂对PVC/LPA6/GF复合材料性能的影响

分别以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)和环氧树脂EPF51为相容剂,制备了聚氯乙烯/低熔点聚酰胺6/玻璃纤维(PVC/LPA6/GF)复合材料,研究了不同相容剂对PVC/LPA6/GF复合材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明:相容剂EPF51的引入改善了PVC与LPA6的相容性,使PVC/LPA6/GF复合材料的力学性能显著提高,但导致复合材料的维卡软化温度大幅度降低。而相容剂SMA的添加亦显著改善了复合材料的拉伸和弯曲性能,但造成复合材料冲击韧性的下降;此外随着SMA用量的增加,复合材料的维卡软化温度呈先降后升趋势,当其用量为3份时,复合材料的维卡软化温度最低。     

MoS_2/PVC/橡胶复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用KH570/CTAB复配改性MoS2,并将改性MoS2与不同用量的PVC和橡胶进行共混,制备MoS2/PVC/橡胶复合材料,并研究了其力学性能和耐磨性能。结果表明,随着PVC用量的增加,NBR/PVC/MoS2和CNBR/PVC/MoS2复合材料的力学性能不断提高,SBR/PVC/MoS2复合材料的力学性能保持不变或略有下降;MoS2/PVC/橡胶复合材料的摩擦因数和阿克隆磨耗均不断降低。     

PVC/竹纤维环保型复合材料的制备及性能研究

通过对竹纤维表面改性处理,获得了硅烷偶联剂接枝改性的竹纤维材料,制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/竹纤维复合材料,并研究了竹纤维用量对PVC复合材料的力学性能的影响。结果表明:经过碱处理和硅烷偶联剂改性后的竹纤维可以与PVC材料之间实现良好的结合,可以作为增强剂改善PVC/竹纤维复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性。但竹纤维用量不宜过高,过高时,PVC复合材料中竹纤维会出现团聚现象,从而破坏复合材料的力学强度。综合分析,当PVC和竹纤维的用量比为100∶20时,竹纤维改性PVC复合材料具备最佳的拉伸强度和弯曲强度26.5 MPa和45.5 MPa。     

改性微晶白云母/PVC复合材料的制备及性能研究

以微晶白云母为原料,以钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-101为改性剂,对微晶白云母进行改性研究,并将表面改性后的微晶白云母加入聚氯乙烯(PVC)材料中制得微晶白云母/PVC复合材料.测试了改性粉体与石蜡体系的黏度及复合材料的力学性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜测试研究了其微观结构.结果表明,钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-101能有效改善微晶白云母表面与有机物质的界面结合,并且将经钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-101改性的微晶白云母加入PVC基体中能提高微晶白云母/PVC复合材料的力学性能,当钛酸酯偶联剂的用量为0.7%、微晶自云母用量为10%时,微晶白云母/PVC复合材料的力学性能最好.     

具有疏水性能的PVC抗静电复合塑料管材的制备与表征

制备了聚氯乙烯/聚四氟乙烯(PVC/PTFE)复合材料,并研究了导电炭黑(CCB)对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:PTFE可以提高复合材料的疏水性能,并且随着PTFE含量的提高,复合材料的疏水性能逐渐提高。另外,CCB不仅可以作为抗静电剂,提高PTFE/PVC复合材料的导电性,同时在一定用量范围下,也可以作为补强剂改善PTFE/PVC复合材料的力学性能。通过制备PVC/PTFE/CCB复合材料,制备了能够用作矿井水体输送的PVC管材料。     

聚氯乙烯/炭黑电力屏蔽材料的制备及性能分析

采用熔融共混法制备了聚氯乙烯/炭黑(PVC/CB)复合材料,分析了CB经KH550改性前后对复合材料性能的影响,并进一步研究了CB的用量对复合材料力学性能、体积电阻率、电磁屏蔽性能及热性能的影响。结果表明:随着CB用量的增多,复合材料的拉伸强度逐渐提高,在CB用量为25%时达到最大值,继续增大CB用量,拉伸强度降低;PVC/MCB的拉伸强度优于PVC/CB;体积电阻率则随着CB的增加逐渐降低,在CB用量达到25%时,该值突然显著降低,在复合材料内部发生了导电渗逾。PVC/MCB的电磁屏蔽性能明显优于PVC/CB复合材料,CB在25%的填充量下可以形成完善的导电网络,复合材料具有较好的电磁屏蔽性能。最终确定CB填充量为25%,可以制得综合性能优异的PVC/MCB导电聚合物屏蔽材料。     

PVC/脲醛改性酶解木质素复合材料的性能

采用PVC树脂和酶解木质素制备得到PVC/酶解木质素复合材料,研究酶解木质素及脲醛改性酶解木质素对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明:随着酶解木质素用量的增大,PVC/酶解木质素复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度下降,而经过改性处理后得到的脲醛改性酶解木质素,与PVC之间的相容性得到改善,大大提高了复合材料的力学性能.另外,酶解木质素和脲醛改性酶解木质素加入后均提高了PVC/酶解木质素复合材料的维卡软化点.     

黑液-蒙脱土/聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶热塑性弹性体的制备及性能研究

采用蒙脱土对造纸黑液中的木质素进行絮凝沉淀,制备黑液-蒙脱土复合物(BL-MMT),然后将其应用于聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶(PVC/NBR)热塑性弹性体,并对其力学性能、耐老化性能及热降解性能进行测试。结果表明:随着BL-MMT中木质素蒙脱土比例增大,热塑性弹性体力学性能先增大后减小,适宜配比m(木质素)∶m(蒙脱土)=1∶1。BL-MMT份数增大,热塑性弹性体力学性能先增大后减小,20份时出现最大值。BL-MMT填充的PVC/NBR热塑性弹性体与添加炭黑和碳酸钙相比,力学性能和热性能相当,而耐老化性能更为优越。黑液-蒙脱土复合物可望用作PVC/NBR热塑性弹性体的补强剂。     

Enhanced toughness of multilayer graphene‐filled poly(VInyl chloride) composites prepared using melt‐mixing method

In order to improve toughness of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), we prepared multilayer graphene (MLG) filled PVC composites through conventional melt‐mixing methods by taking advantages of easy dispersion and high flexibility of graphene. Microstructure, static, and dynamic mechanical properties of the MLG/PVC composites were investigated in details. We found that a small amount of MLG loadings (0.36 wt%) could greatly increase tensile fracture toughness and impact strength of the MLG/PVC composites, which is mainly attributed to high flexibility of the crumpled MLG throughout PVC matrix. Moreover, the presence of MLG can weaken intermolecular interactions and improve segmental motion of PVC chains, consequently resulting in low glass transition temperature and high toughness of the MLG/PVC composites. By virtue of its enhanced toughness and easy operation, the MLG/PVC composites show great potential to be used as high‐performance composites in many fields. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:138–146, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Mechanical and morphological properties for sandwich composites of wood/PVC and glass fiber/PVC layers

This work manufactured sandwich composites from glass fiber/poly(vinyl chloride) (GF/PVC) and wood/PVC layers, and their mechanical and morphological properties of the composites in three GF orientation angles were assessed. The effects of K value (or viscosity index) of PVC and Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) loading were of our interests. The GF/PVC was used as core layer whereas wood/PVC was the cover layers. The experimental results indicated that PVC with low K value was recommended for the GF/PVC core layer for fabrication of GF/WPVC sandwich composites. The improvement of PVC diffusion at the interface between the GF and the PVC core layer was obtained when using PVC with K value of 58. This was because it could prevent de‐lamination between composite layers which would lead to higher mechanical properties of the sandwich composites, except for the tensile modulus. The sandwich composites with 0° GF orientation possessed relatively much higher mechanical properties as compared with those with 45° and 90° GF orientations, especially for the impact strength. Low mechanical properties of the sandwich composites with 45° and 90° GF orientation angles could be overcome by incorporation of DOP plasticizer into the GF/PVC core layer with the recommended DOP loadings of 5–10 parts per hundred by weight of PVC components. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Clay-Thermoplastic Elastomers Derived from PVC and NBR

Based on the character of a clay that could be separated into many 1-nm thickness monolayers, clay poly(vinylchloride)-nitrile butadiene rubber (PVC/NBR) thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) were acquired using a Brabender Plasticorder at 150°C and 50 rpm rotor speed. Clay concentrations were progressively increased up to 10 phr of PVC/NBR composites. The rheological behavior of the clay PVC/NBR blends was assessed by dynamic mechanical analysis, as well as Brabender torque rheometry. The results revealed that the complex modulus (E?) and elastic modulus (E′) increased with clay loading, indicating that the actual strength of the blends improved. Tensile properties of the PVC/NBR-clay formulations with different filling amounts were studied. The results showed that the mechanical performance of the rubbery samples improved with clay loadings. The observed trend has been attributed to the reinforcing role played by layered clay due to better dispersion as well as improved interactions.     

粉煤灰微珠改性PVC复合材料研究

研究了PVC/粉煤灰微珠复合材料、PVC/CaCO3复合材料的力学性能。实验结果表明:当粉煤灰微珠添加量为5份时,PVC/粉煤灰微珠复合材料的室温缺口冲击强度为46 kJ/m2,拉伸强度为47 MPa达到最大值;弯曲模量随着粉煤灰微珠增加呈线性增加;PVC/粉煤灰微珠复合材料的综合力学性能要好于PVC/CaCO3复合材料。SEM测试表明:经表面改性后的粉煤灰微珠在PVC基体中具有很好的分散性和相容性。     

Preparation,Characterization and Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride)/CaSO4 Nanocomposites

Poly(vinyl chloride)/CaSO₄ nanocomposites were prepared on Brabender plasticorder. Moreover, for comparison PVC/ commercial CaSO₄ composites was prepared. The amount of loadings of nano CaSO₄ and commercial CaSO₄ was in the range of 0–12 wt%. Nano CaSO₄ was synthesized by matrix-mediated growth technique. The size and shape of nano CaSO₄ were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These PVC nanocomposites were then subjected to mechanical, thermal analysis on UTM, and TGA respectively. Morphology studies of PVC nanocomposites were done on scanning electron microscope (SEM). The morphology study showed that nano CaSO₄ get exfoliated and intercalated with the PVC matrix. Notched Charpy impact strengths of PVC nanocomposites was drastically improved compared to that of pristine PVC and commercial CaSO₄ composites. PVC/CaSO₄ nanocomposites showed higher values of tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength than PVC/CaSO₄ (commercial) composites. Impact strengths also gives some drastic dependence on nano CaSO₄ content and give a maximum value at certain CaSO₄ loadings.     

Mechanical properties of talc‐ and (calcium carbonate)‐filled poly(vinyl chloride) hybrid composites

The main objective of this study was to investigate and compare the mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composites filled with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), talc, and talc/CaCO₃. Talc and CaCO₃ with different grades were incorporated into the PVC matrix. To produce the composites, the PVC resin, fillers, and other additives were first dry‐blended by using a laboratory mixer before being milled into sheets in a two‐roll mill. Test specimens were prepared by compression molding, after which the mechanical properties of the composites were determined. Single and hybrid filler loadings used were fixed at 30 phr (parts per hundred parts of resin). Talc‐filled composite showed the highest flexural modulus and the lowest impact strength, whereas uncoated, ground, 1‐μm CaCO₃ (SM 90) showed optimum properties in terms of impact strength and flexural modulus among all grades of CaCO₃. It was selected to combine with talc at different ratios in the hybrid composites. The impact strength of the hybrid composites gradually increased with increasing SM 90 content, but the flexural and tensile properties showed an opposite behavior. Hybrid (10 phr talc):(20 phr SM 90)‐filled PVC composite reached a synergistic hybridization with balanced properties in impact strength, as well as flexural and tensile properties. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

纳米水滑石/氧化锌/氧化镁复合改性聚氯乙烯的燃烧特性

采用原位悬浮聚合制备了聚氯乙烯/纳米水滑石（PVC/HT）复合材料,并进一步与ZnO、MgO复合。采用锥形量热仪分析了PVC/HT/ZnO/MgO复合材料的燃烧特性。结果表明,HT、ZnO、MgO在PVC基体中分散良好,HT/ZnO/MgO对降低PVC燃烧过程中的热释放速率和烟雾释放速率有良好的协同作用。PVC/HT/ZnO/MgO(95/5/3/3)复合材料的最大热释放速率和最大烟雾释放速率比纯PVC降低了50 %以上,残留率明显提高。PVC/HT/ZnO/MgO复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度均大于PVC/ZnO/MgO复合材料。     

聚氯乙烯/钛酸钾晶须复合材料性能的研究

研究了PVC／钛酸钾晶须、PVC／钛酸钾晶须／弹性体(CPE、MBS)复合体系的力学性能，以及钛酸钾晶须对PVC复合材料的加工性能、抗老化性能的影响。结果表明：单独引入钛酸钾晶须会使PVC复合体系的力学性能降低；晶须与弹性体同时加入时，在一定的质量比范围内，二者具有协同增韧作用；钛酸钾晶须能改善PVC复合体系的加工性能和抗老化性能。     

Evaluation of Composites Miscibility by Low Field NMR

Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful technique to analyze polymer composites. The use of proton relaxation data to evaluate the dispersity of the dispersion phase in the composite and its homogeneity are very wide. In this work PVC/silica composites were prepared using different ratios to obtain a new material to be used in chromatograph column for separation of plant extracts. Thus, this study used proton spin–lattice and spin-spin nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation data, determined in a low field NMR spectrometer as a method to characterize those composites in relation to silica dispersion as well as PVC/silica compatibility. From the relaxation data analyses, the best ratio of PVC/silica, according to the components dispersion and consequently composite compatibility, was 80/20, according to the determined T₁ values.