A novel collapse prediction index for voltage stability analysis and contingency ranking in power systems

Voltage instability is a serious phenomenon that can occur in a power system because of critical or stressed conditions. To prevent voltage collapse caused by such instability, accurate voltage collapse prediction is necessary for power system planning and operation. This paper proposes a novel collapse prediction index (NCPI) to assess the voltage stability conditions of the power system and the critical conditions of lines. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed index are investigated on the IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems and compared with the well-known existing indices (Lmn, FVSI, LQP, NLSI, and VSLI) under several power system operations to validate its practicability and versatility. The study also presents the sensitivity assumptions of existing indices and analyzes their impact on voltage collapse prediction. The application results under intensive case studies prove that the proposed index NCPI adapts to several operating power conditions. The results show the superiority of the proposed index in accurately estimating the maximum load-ability and predicting the critical lines, weak buses, and weak areas in medium and large networks during various power load operations and contingencies. A line interruption or generation unit outage in a power system can also lead to voltage collapse, and this is a contingency in the power system. Line and generation unit outage contingencies are examined to identify the lines and generators that significantly impact system stability in the event of an outage. The contingencies are also ranked to identify the most severe outages that significantly cause voltage collapse because of the outage of line or generator.     

A comparative study of voltage stability indices in a power system

The paper compares the effectiveness of voltage stability indices in providing information about the proximity of voltage instability of a power system. Three simple voltage stability indices are proposed and their effectiveness is compared with some of the recently proposed indices. The comparison is carried out over a wide range of system operating conditions by changing the load power factor and feeder X/R ratios. Test results for the IEEE 57 bus and IEEE 118 bus system are presented.     

高压直流输电系统功率/电压静态稳定性的建模与分析

高压直流输电系统功率/电压静态稳定性与所连接的交流系统的强弱及其所采用的控制方式密切相关.阐述了用于分析直流输电系统功率/电压静态稳定性的系统小信号模型及分析方法,对不同控制下系统静态稳定指标进行了分析,结论表明,弱交流系统的功率稳定性与电压稳定性都较差,随着SCR的逐渐增大,都将有所改善;逆变器采用定直流电压控制比采用定熄弧角控制时系统的功率稳定性与电压稳定性要好.     

基于改进动态阻抗法的电网静态电压稳定裕度快速评估

戴维南等效参数准确辨识是实现电网静态稳定在线评估的关键。采用两个时刻潮流的辨识方法很难保证两时刻之间等效参数不变的假设条件。首先分析了现有等效参数辨识方法存在的问题,提出了一种基于动态等效阻抗的改进等效参数辨识方法,利用当前运行点和预估点在线快速计算等效参数。改进方法解决了负荷功率恒定和多节点负荷功率同时变化时原方法失效的问题。在此基础上,利用阻抗模指标对电网静态稳定裕度进行评估。最后,通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于静态电压稳定的事故筛选和排序算法综述

由于负荷的快速增长以及市场机制下电力系统运行方式的频繁调整使得电网可能接近稳定极限运行,这使得电网的电压稳定问题变得越来越严重.如何在事故扰动情况下快速而准确地评估电网的电压稳定性具有重要的意义.阐述了事故筛选和排序的基本概念和评估的指标类型,对现有的各种事故筛选和排序方法进行了总结与述评,并指出了此领域研究存在的问题.     

基于静态电压稳定的事故筛选和排序算法综述

由于负荷的快速增长以及市场机制下电力系统运行方式的频繁调整使得电网可能接近稳定极限运行,这使得电网的电压稳定问题变得越来越严重。如何在事故扰动情况下快速而准确地评估电网的电压稳定性具有重要的意义。阐述了事故筛选和排序的基本概念和评估的指标类型,对现有的各种事故筛选和排序方法进行了总结与述评,并指出了此领域研究存在的问题。     

Calculation of weighting factors of static security indices used in contingency ranking of power systems based on fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy process

Contingency screening and ranking is one of the most important issues for security assessment in the field of power system operation. The objective of contingency ranking is to quickly and accurately select a short list of critical contingencies from a large list of potential contingencies and rank them according to their severity. Then suitable preventive actions can be implemented considering these contingencies that are likely to affect the power system performance. In this paper a novel approach is presented for contingency ranking based on static security assessment. This method employs weighted performance index with the application of fuzzy logic based analytical hierarchy process in order to select appropriate weighting factors to be imposed. The proposed method is applied to IEEE 30 bus system and the results are presented.     

Optimal location and sizing of real power DG units to improve the voltage stability in the distribution system using ABC algorithm united with chaos

The introduction of a Distributed Generation (DG) unit in the distribution system improves the voltage profile and reduces the system losses. Optimal placement and sizing of DG units play a major role in reducing system losses and in improving voltage profile and voltage stability. This paper presents in determination of optimal location and sizing of DG units using multi objective performance index (MOPI) for enhancing the voltage stability of the radial distribution system. The different technical issues are combined using weighting coefficients and solved under various operating constraints using a Chaotic Artificial Bee Colony (CABC) algorithm. In this paper, real power DG units and constant power load model and other voltage dependent load models such as industrial, residential, and commercial are considered. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated by testing it on a 38-node and 69-node radial distribution system.     

基于PSASP的廊坊电网静态电压稳定性分析

廊坊电网位于华北电网的京津唐地区,是典型的负荷中心,随着负荷和系统规模的增加,电压稳定问题逐渐严重,因此对廊坊电网进行电压稳定性分析具有重大的现实意义。首先介绍了电力系统综合分析程序PSASP电压稳定分析模块的算法原理;然后基于PSASP对廊坊电网进行了静态电压稳定性分析,指出了廊坊电网中的薄弱母线、薄弱区域;计算了廊坊电网主要传输线路的静稳极限;对计算结果进行了分析,得出一些有意义的结论。计算结果为廊坊电网的运行和调度、对系统的电压稳定性监控提供了依据。     

计及风电场静态电压稳定性的VMP系统无功电压控制策略研究

随着规模化、集群化风电基地的初步建成,风电作为一种清洁高效的能源得到了快速的发展,但短时间内大规模风电场集中接入电网,给电网的功率平衡带来扰动,造成了电网电压的不稳定。针对风电场并网后的电压控制问题,研究了大规模风电场并网的静态电压稳定机理。并在现有调压手段的基础上,通过适时调整风电机组无功出力,升压站变压器抽头以及调无功补偿装置,进一步提出了基于分层管理的无功功率/电压控制策略,并将该策略嵌入到风电场电压/无功自动管理平台(VMP)。通过新疆某地区风电场现场试验发现,该控制策略能够改善低电压穿越期间无功表现,提高风电场无功电压的稳定性,同时避免了功率振荡的产生。该研究结果可以为风电场无功电压协调控制的理论研究和工程实际提供参考依据。     

基于Gram-Charlier级数的含风电电力系统静态电压稳定概率评估

可再生能源的波动性和随机性加剧了传统电力系统静态电压稳定评估的难度.为了有效计及风电出力不确定性对静态电压稳定评估的影响,提出了一种计及风电出力不确定性的静态电压稳定概率评估方法.首先,借助电力系统负荷裕度,推导各节点负荷裕度对风电注入功率的灵敏度,进而求解负荷裕度的各阶半不变量和负荷裕度的各阶矩.然后,结合风电所连节...     

基于PSS/E的大电网静态电压稳定裕度计算

阐述了一种基于电力系统仿真软件PSS/E求解静态电压稳定裕度的方法。该法通过PSS/E提供的函数模块,采用内嵌的PYTHON语言进行编程。由于包含了对3绕组变压器和潮流初值回存的处理语句,使其能应用于大规模电网静态电压稳定裕度的求解。几个IEEE标准算例和一个大型电网静态电压稳定裕度的求解验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性。     

计及静止同步串联补偿器的电力系统电压灵敏度分析

为了确保电力系统稳定运行,提出了一种静止同步串联补偿器(Static Synchronous Series Compensator,SSSC)的模型,推导了电力系统中加入SSSC模型后的潮流方程,并将其用于计算电压稳定性灵敏度.在此基础上,用灵敏度指标对比计算和分析了SSSC安装前后整个系统的电压稳定性,结果表明,安装...     

含分布式发电的有源配电网电压稳态指标计算研究

针对分布式电源接入配电网带来的电压静态稳定性问题,主要研究含分布式发电的有源配电网电压稳定性。首先提出了根据潮流解来计算整个配电网的电压稳定性指标方法以反映系统各节点的电压稳定性,然后考虑分布式发电作为一个负的负荷直接注入,分别建立了不同类型分布式电源在配电网潮流计算的模型。最后,以分布式电源中典型风电为例,对IEEE-33节点有源配电网进行仿真,分析了不同风机出力、风机接入及有功出力波动对有源配电网系统电压稳定的影响,仿真实验表明分布式电源的接入可以有效提高系统的电压稳定性。     

Optimal placement of DG in radial distribution systems based on new voltage stability index under load growth

This paper presents a comparison of Novel Power Loss Sensitivity, Power Stability Index (PSI), and proposed voltage stability index (VSI) methods for optimal location and sizing of distributed generation (DG) in radial distribution network. The main contribution of the paper is: (i) optimal placement of DGs based on Novel Power Loss Sensitivity and PSI methods, (ii) proposed voltage stability index method for optimal DG placement, (iii) comparison of sensitivity methods for DG location and their size calculations, (iv) optimal placement of DG in the presence of load growth, (v) impact of DG placement at combined load power factor, (vii) impact of DG on voltage stability margin improvement. Voltage profile, the real and reactive powers intake by the grid, real and reactive power flow patterns, cost of energy losses, savings in cost of energy loss and cost of power obtained from DGs are determined. The results show the importance of installing the suitable size of DG at the suitable location. The results are obtained with all sensitivity based methods on the IEEE 12-bus, modified 12-bus, 69-bus and 85-bus test systems.     

基于失稳机理分析的暂态电压稳定性量化指标

在暂态过程中，当负荷母线电压值进入由系统特性和负荷特性决定的不稳定区时，会发生电压失稳。在单机单负荷系统模型中，证明同一系统静态P-V曲线和V-Q曲线的临界点具有一致性，基于动态跟踪系统特性变化的技术路线提出暂态潮流断面P-V曲线分析法，并给出暂态电压稳定性量化指标的计算方法和相应的稳定性判据。在多机系统中，虽然通常需要将所提方法与临界电压或戴维南等值电路的动态跟踪计算相结合才能应用，但也存在无需系统等值而直接应用基于单机模型的计算公式的场景。通过算例对暂态电压失稳机理、常规工程经验指标的局限性、所提指标和稳定性判据的有效性进行验证。     

Impact of wind generation uncertainty on power system small disturbance voltage stability: A PCM-based approach

The connection of wind generators with electric power system influences the system stability and nodal voltages. This paper performs uncertainty analysis to investigate the impact of wind generation variation on the small disturbance voltage stability. The probabilistic collocation method (PCM) is presented as a computationally efficient method to conduct the uncertainty analysis. It has been implemented in a simple system to demonstrate its applicability in analyzing wind generation uncertainty. More case studies on a larger system are conducted to obtain a deeper understanding of how the system voltage stability is affected by the integration of DFIG-based wind farms. As compared with the traditional Monte Carlo simulation method, the collocation method could provide a quite accurate approximation for the eigenvalue probabilistic distribution with fewer simulation runs.     

分布式发电接入电网的静态电压稳定特性及影响分析

分布式发电(Distributed Generation,DG)接入电网在缓解环境污染和能源短缺压力的同时,也会给电网的安全运行分析带来新的挑战,特别是DG控制策略的多样性将使电网静态电压稳定问题更加复杂。DG接入电网对静态电压稳定性的影响主要取决于DG的接入容量、控制方式等因素。首先对DG接入线路的复杂外部网络进行等值,推导负荷节点电压与分布式发电渗透率的解析表达式。在此基础上,分析不同DG渗透率下的节点电压以及负荷PV特性,比较DG采用不同无功控制策略对负荷PV特性的影响。最后,将扩展线路电压稳定指标应用于含DG的电网静态电压稳定分析,研究DG采用主动无功控制策略对线路电压稳定指标的影响。     

基于源-荷功率动态匹配的海上平台电力系统静态电压稳定分析

对海上平台电力系统进行静态电压稳定分析是保证其安全性、可靠性的前提.针对海上平台电力系统多平衡节点特征,基于透平发电机组和旋转负荷群的源-荷特性建立计及源-荷功率动态匹配特性的扩展连续潮流模型;针对海上平台电力系统的机组小容量特征和旋转负荷的生产要求,基于机组出力和节点电压的限值确立静态电压稳定分析边界约束;推导扩展连续潮流增广雅可比矩阵,提出基于牛顿-拉夫逊法的静态电压稳定分析方法.对某海上平台电力系统的静态电压稳定分析结果表明,与传统牛顿-拉夫逊法相比,所提方法不仅能找出随负荷增加的电压薄弱节点,且能给出各机组适应负荷增加的出力值.     

负荷随机扰动对电力系统电压稳定性的影响

运用非线性分岔理论与特征分析法对一个经典3节点电力系统的电压稳定性进行了详细分析.通过逐步增大系统参数Q1,求取系统方程平衡点的雅可比矩阵的特征根,结合特征分析法判定系统的稳定性态,得到了系统运行的2个稳定区间.在此基础上考虑负荷的随机性建立了该系统的随机模型--一个4维随机微分方程组,并运用随机欧拉法对该随机微分方程组进行了数值仿真计算.数值结果表明,当系统运行在稳定边界的一个小邻域内时,负荷的随机扰动造成随机的小幅正向或负向累积,使得系统突然失去电压稳定,失稳模式既可能为霍普夫型,也可能为鞍结型.