基于表格查寻学习算法的自适应模糊分类器

以手写体数字识别问题为背景,提出了一种基于表格查寻学习算法的自适应模糊分类 器,并用Matlab给出了自适应模糊分类器的实现,进而对其进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该自适应模 糊分类器在手写体数字识别的识别性能、利用语言信息、计算复杂性等方面均优于采用BP算法的三 层前馈分类器,体现了自适应模糊处理技术用于模式识别的优越性和潜力。     

基于SVM的手写体数字快速识别方法研究

手写体数字识别是图像处理与模式识别中具有较高实用价值的研究热点之一。在保证较高识别精度的前提下,为提高手写体数字的识别速度,提出了一种基于SVM的快速手写体数字识别方法。该方法通过各类别在特征空间中的可分性强度确定SVM最优核参数,快速训练出SVM分类器对手写体数字进行分类识别。由于可分性强度的计算是一个简单的迭代过程,所需时间远小于传统参数优化方法中训练相应SVM分类器所需时间,故参数确定时间被大大缩减,训练速度得到相应提高,从而加快了手写体数字的识别过程,同时保证了较好的分类准确率。通过对MNIST手写体数字库的实验验证,结果表明该算法是可行有效的。     

基于 Adaboost的手写体数字识别

提出了一种新的基于集成学习算法Adaboost的手写体数字识别系统。Adaboost方法可以在仅比随机预测略好的弱分类器基础上构建高精度的强分类器。实验证明,基于Adaboost的手写体数字识别系统具有较高的识别率和泛化能力,已经应用在OCR识别软件中。     

运用自组织映象和模糊规则来识别手写体数字

本文论述如何运用组合自组织映象（ＳＯＭ）和模糊规则来识别手写体数字，在学习阶段，运用ＳＯＭ（自组织映象）算法以产生各种原型，并将这些原型与相对应的各种变量一起用于确定各个模糊区及其成员函数，然后，通过对训练图象的学习，生成各种模糊规则，在识别阶段，由分类器根据模糊规则对一幅输入图象进行了分类，随后，采用ＳＯＭ分类器对一个不确定的图象进行重新分类，在一个含有２０，８５２个手写体数字的数据库上的作的实     

基于可分度和支持度的模糊密度赋值融合识别算法

模糊积分理论可有效处理分类决策不确定性问题。当前模糊密度的确定方法未考虑各个分类器识别结果的可区分程度及各分类器对识别结果的支持程度,会丢失融合识别的相关信息。文中提出基于可分度和支持度的自适应模糊密度赋值融合识别算法。该算法根据各分类器对待识别样本的识别结果的可区分程度和支持程度对分类器的融合模糊密度进行自适应赋值,从而有效实现多分类器融合识别。将该算法应用于自然交互环境下的人脸表情识别和Cohn-Kanade表情识别。实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高总体表情识别率。     

一种基于部分标记的SOM和MLP混合识别算法

针对孟加拉手写体数字的识别，本文提出了一种基于部分标记的两层SOM分类器和MLP分类器相混合的识别算法。对于Kohonen提出的SOM分类器，部分标记有利于降低错识率，而两层结构提高了分类器的性能。在本文提出的算法中，首先用SOM分类器对提取的字符方向特征和密度特征进行处理，如果字符不能被SOM识别，则再用MLP分类器对其重新分类。文章最后用实际信封上提取的16，000个孟加拉数字进行了实验，实验证明，本混合算法达到了96．7％的识别率。     

手写体数字有效鉴别特征的抽取与识别

文中提出了基于后验概率估计的多特征多分类器组合识别的估计法,并提出了基于具有统计不相关性的最佳鉴别变换与ＫＬ变换抽取手写体数字的有效鉴别特征的方法。实验采用Ｃｏｎｃｏｒｄｉａ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ＣＥＮＰＡＲＭＩ手写体数字数据库。用最近邻距离分类器与最近邻相关分类器这两个分类器,对手写体数字的１２个特征做多特征多分类器组合识别实验。实验结果表明：估计法优于常用的投票法与计分法,估计法的识别率高达     

基于Windows平台的手写体数字识别系统的设计与实现

手写体数字识别系统用于数据信息的采集。系统需要有很高的识别精度和很快的识别速度。本文设计了一种快速高效的数字分类器（特征否决＋笔形肯定），讨论了手写体数字识别系统的关键技术和实现过程。系统也可用于其他分类器的演示，对研究手写体数字识别有一定的参考价值。     

手写体数字识别技术的研究

简要介绍了手写体数字识别的几类主要方法,并介绍了作者利用直接逻辑法识别手写体数字的实验方案和结果。结果表明,利用本方案字符特征易于提取,识别算法灵活、简炼,对水平笔道上的断笔有自适应效果,且识别率高。     

人工免疫系统在手写体数字识别中的应用

基于生物免疫系统内在的模式识别与记忆能力,通过对手写体数字识别问题的研究,首次将借鉴生物免疫系统发展起来的人工免疫机制和算法引入到该问题中来,定义了相关免疫机制的数学表达,设计了具有学习、记忆、自适应和多样性等特性的人工免疫系统模型,并给出了相应的算法.通过对自采集的手写体数字样本库进行的仿真试验,结果表明用于手写体数字识别的人工免疫系统模型是可靠的,其对应算法可操作性强,只要相关参数选择得当,系统能够得到较好的识别效果,从而体现了人工免疫系统在模式识别领域的优越性和技术潜力.最后对下一步的研究工作进行了展望.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.