控制棒失控抽出工况下MNSR反应堆瞬态特性的研究(英文)

利用热工水力学程序RETRAN-02和反应堆物理计算程序MARIA,计算和分析了微型中子源反应堆MNSR的瞬态特性。计算得到的事故序列和后果与实验值进行了比较。为了研究Doppler效应,考虑了反应堆的有效共振积分。计算了反应性温度系数的权重因子。计算了反应堆功率峰,冷却剂。入口温度,出口温度和冷却剂质量流量等瞬态参数并与实验值进行了比较。     

控制棒失控抽出工况下MNSR反应堆瞬态特性的研究

利用热工水力学程序RETRAN-02和反应堆物理计算程序MARIA,计算和分析了微型中子源反应堆MNSR的瞬态特性。计算得到的事故序列和后果与实验值进行了比较。为了研究Doppler效应,考虑了反应堆的有效共振积分。计算了反应性温度系数的权重因子。     

NECP-Atlas中共振弹性散射核处理模块的开发与验证

在多群截面和散射矩阵产生中考虑了靶核热运动以及共振弹性散射。首先,采用了任意勒让德阶数的各向异性共振弹性散射核公式,以计算准确的多普勒展宽能量转移核。使用了半解析积分方法来进行共振弹性散射核的计算。结合共振弹性散射核计算,提出了一种线性化方法来产生共振弹性散射核插值表。利用该插值表可精确插值共振弹性散射核以减少计算成本。其次,基于共振弹性散射核开发了慢化方程求解器从而代替传统的渐进散射核。该求解器可以正确地考虑中子上散射效应对于中子能谱的影响。在多群截面归并时使用更加精确的中子能谱,以此可以得到更加精确的多群截面。上述所有方法都已集成至核数据处理程序NECP-Atlas。数值结果表明,所提出的方法可以为下游计算提供准确的多群截面;相比于传统方法所产生的多群截面及散射矩阵,当上散射效应被考虑时,使用确定论程序所计算的燃料温度系数以及特征值有较大的变化。     

多卜勒系数的测量

一、实验原理二氧化铀燃料棒中,~(238)U有效共振积分随温度的变化有如下关系:RI_T,RI_0[1+β(T～(2/1)-T_0(2/1)].RI_T,RI_0分别为T°K和T_0=293°K时的有效共振积分;β为多卜勒系数。实验测得的是在温度T°K下,~(238)U镉上中子俘获的总活性为:     

小波尺度函数展开共振自屏计算方法在有温度分布共振自屏计算问题中的应用研究

采用小波尺度函数展开方法来获得燃料栅元的径向功率分布,以及共振能区连续能量能谱在燃料栅元有径向温度分布情况下的径向变化。为了求解复杂几何多共振核素共振问题的,提出了小波尺度函数连续能量共振计算方法。通过与蒙特卡罗方法程序MCNP的计算结果进行比较,验证了方法的几何适应性和精度。该方法共振能区的连续能量核数据来自核数据处理程序NJOY,而非共振能区的多群核数据采用国际原子能机构发布的69群WIMSD4格式的数据库jeff31。由于多普勒温度效应,连续能量核数据随温度变化而不同,而数据库中不可能提供任意温度下的连续能量核截面。因此,本文采用插值方法来获得任意温度下的连续能量核截面,并验证了连续能量核截面温度插值对最终计算结果的影响。最终给出了存在径向温度分布的燃料栅元共振能区的连续能量能谱、反应率和无限增值系数,并与MCNP程序的结果比较。     

聚变驱动次临界堆双冷嬗变包层多群中子截面数据库共振自屏效应计算与分析

依据聚变驱动次临界反应堆 (FDS I)系统设计方案 ,使用Njoy和Transx程序 ,制作了 2 5群、1 75群、62 0群忽略和考虑共振自屏效应的中子截面核数据库 ,用Anisn程序计算了系统的有效增殖系数和各种反应率。结果表明 ,共振自屏效应对FDS I系统的各种反应率有很大的影响。     

基于能谱降阶模型的共振计算方法研究

传统的共振计算方法试图对能谱进行诸多近似和预测来实现有效共振自屏截面的计算，但传统方法存在精度与效率难以兼顾的问题。本文采用广义并群理论和降阶模型方法，挖掘复杂能谱的特征，降低共振计算的复杂程度。通过对典型背景截面的超细群能谱的提取，建立能谱样本空间。通过奇异值分解和低秩近似，有效获取代表能谱特征的正交基函数。通过求解考虑正交基函数分布权重下的宽群角通量展开系数，实现目标问题下超细群能谱的重构，并用精细能谱并群计算得到了有效共振自屏截面。初步结果表明，基于能谱降阶模型的共振计算方法能有效预测共振自屏截面，其计算效率与超细群方法相比具备一定的优势。     

群常数制作软件Ruler研发

采用国际公认的群常数制作理论方法,包括共振重造方法、多普勒展宽方法、热散射率处理方法、群截面和散射矩阵计算方法、共振自屏处理方法等,研发了包括主驱动程序、评价数据输入输出模块、公共数学模块、系统公共子程序模块、进制转换模块、截面线性化和共振重造模块、截面温度展宽模块、不可分辨共振自屏模块、热散射截面计算模块、中子多群常数计算模块、WIMS-D格式接口模块等11个模块的群常数制作软件Ruler。采用与国际通用核数据处理程序NJOY99比较的方式对Ruler进行了验证,包括群常数比较和基准检验结果比较。验证结果表明,Ruler的计算精度与NJOY99相当,其计算速度、可维护性、可扩展性优于NJOY99。     

小波尺度函数展开在连续能量中子输运方程计算中的应用

小波展开能够很好地拟合剧烈变化的函数,近年来已被应用于模拟中子角注量率随角度剧烈变化的问题,并取得了令人满意的结果.中子能谱在共振区具有剧烈震荡的特性,本文介绍了利用能群与小波尺度函数展开相耦合来离散连续能量中子输运方程中能量自变量的方法.对中子注量率在共振区关于能量用小波尺度函数进行拟合,而在快中子区和热中子区利用分群计算的方法.初步的数值结果表明,该方法使有效增殖系数计算精确,并能够得到中子注量率在共振区随能量的精细分布,对共振自屏蔽的精确计算具有重要意义.     

二维任意几何子群共振计算及加速优化

共振计算是反应堆组件堆芯设计和燃料管理的基础.子群共振计算方法基于共振能群子群截面,调用输运程序作为求解器,对子群中子注量率进行求解并且归并得到有效共振自屏截面,实现任意二维复杂几何的共振计算.由于子群方法在每个共振能群内部需要反复调用输运求解器,因此和等价理论相比速度较慢及本文基于子群方法的理论模型和自主开发的子群共振计算程序,提出并且完成了多群数据库、输运计算源项及多共振核素迭代的优化方案.通过基准题的验证可知,该方案在保持精度的同时提高了子群程序的计算效率,保证了该程序在工程上的实用性.     

Reactivity feedback coefficients of a low enriched uranium fuelled material test research reactor at end-of-life

The reactivity feedback coefficients at end-of-life of a material test reactor fuelled with low enriched uranium fuel were calculated. The reactor used for the study was the IAEA’s 10 MW benchmark reactor. Simulations were carried out to calculate the different reactivity feedback coefficients including Doppler feedback coefficient, reactivity coefficient for change of water temperature and reactivity coefficient for change of water density. Nuclear reactor analysis codes including WIMS-D4 and CITATION were employed to carry out these calculations. It was observed that the magnitude of all the reactivity feedback coefficients increased at end of life of the reactor by almost 2–5%.     

Multigroup Calculations of Critical and Fuel Assemblies Taking Account of Scattering Anisotropy

A method for calculating reactor lattices by means of passage probabilities taking account of scattering anisotropy is extended to the multigroup case. The computed multiplication coefficients and the power-release distribution are essentially just as accurate as the Monte Carlo values if the errors due to the effective multigroup constants are removed. Apparently, the proposed method will be more effective for determining small difference effects. __________ Translated from Atomnaya Energiya, Vol. 99, No. 1, pp. 8–13, July 2005.     

MCMG程序用于多群截面检验的可行性研究

以三维多群蒙特卡罗输运程序MCMG模拟计算了5个一维快临界基准实验装置和1个三维快临界基准装置的有效增殖因数和注量谱或泄漏谱,并与确定论多群离散纵坐标程序ANISN和连续截面蒙特卡罗程序MCNP的计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明,MCMG计算结果与ANISN结果有较好的符合,并接近MCNP计算结果,初步验证了MCMG应用于多群截面检验的可行性。     

Reactivity feedback calculation of a conceptual TRISO fueled compact PWR core

Reactivity feedback coefficients have been calculated for a compact sized PWR core that utilizes carbon coated micro fuel particles instead of standard cylindrical fuel pellets with an inventive composition. A small amount of Pu-240 with 5 w/o has also been added in tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) fuel in place of U-238 for the reduction of excess reactivity. The values of fuel, moderator and void reactivity coefficients have been calculated at the middle of fuel cycle. All the reactivity coefficients were found negative which meet the design safety criteria. It was also observed that all reactivity feedback coefficients are interlinked and their effects are pronounced when coupled together.     

Effects of high density dispersion fuel loading on the kinetic parameters of a low enriched uranium fueled material test research reactor

The effects of using high density low enriched uranium on the neutronic parameters of a material test research reactor were studied. For this purpose, the low density LEU fuel of an MTR was replaced with high density LEU fuels currently being developed under the RERTR program. Since the alloying elements have different cross-sections affecting the reactor in different ways, therefore fuels U–Mo (9 w/o) which contain the same elements in same ratio were selected for analysis. Simulations were carried out to calculate core excess reactivity, neutron flux spectrum, prompt neutron generation time, effective delayed neutron fraction and feedback coefficients including Doppler feedback coefficient, and reactivity coefficients for change of water density and temperature. Nuclear reactor analysis codes including WIMS-D4 and CITATION were employed to carry out these calculations. It is observed that the excess reactivity at the beginning of life does not increase as the uranium density of fuel. Both the prompt neutron generation time and the effective delayed neutron fraction decrease as the uranium density increases. The absolute value of Doppler feedback coefficient increases while the absolute values of reactivity coefficients for change of water density and temperature decrease.     

核数据处理程序NECP-Atlas的开发与验证

本文开发了自主化的核数据处理程序NECP-Atlas,该程序将不同的核数据处理功能封装为不同的程序模块,可将评价核数据经过共振重构及线性化、多普勒展宽计算、不可分辨共振区处理、热中子散射计算、多群截面计算等过程,处理为WIMS-D/E格式多群数据库。采用WLUP（WIMSD library update project）基准题、国际临界安全基准题ICSBEP（international criticality safety benchmark evaluation project）等对NECP-Atlas加工产生的核数据进行验证,结果显示NECP-Atlas和NJOY-2016程序精度相当。     

A solution of the multigroup transport equation using a weighted residual technique

The paper is in two parts. First a solution of the multigroup diffusion equation using a weighted residual technique is described. The implementation enables high-order polynomial approximations to be made to the flux. Secondly the neutron transport equation is solved by expanding the flux in a series of unnormalized spherical harmonics, obtaining second-order diffusion-like equations for the coefficients in that series and applying the algorithm previously outlined.     

惰性基质燃料元件Doppler系数分析

本文采用中子输运程序MCNP,基于ENDF/B-Ⅶ-1核数据库,对几种典型惰性基质燃料（IMF）的Doppler系数进行了计算,并通过理论分析给出了各核素对Doppler系数贡献的表达式。结果表明：在相同惰性基质条件下,武器级Pu燃料的Doppler系数的绝对值小于反应堆级Pu燃料的;在惰性基质中添加²³²Th可使Doppler系数更负,且可使IMF获得与低浓UO₂燃料相近的Doppler系数;硼可燃毒物对Doppler系数的贡献为正效应,而铒可燃毒物则可进一步增强负Doppler系数,有利于反应堆的固有安全性。     

快堆用蒙特卡罗多群数据库制作方法研究

基于离散角方法，开发了蒙特卡罗多群数据库生成程序MGXSMC，该程序可以实现从输入文件读取截面数据或者从指定格式的截面库中读取截面，产生可供蒙特卡罗程序MCNP或RMC计算的数据库，并且可自动生成相应的索引文件列表。采用二维两群不带反射层的国际原子能机构（IAEA）压水堆（PWR）基准题和铅基快堆（RBEC-M）基准题对MGXSMC程序加工产生的核数据进行验证，计算结果表明，采用P5阶近似多群截面与连续点截面计算的有效增殖系数（keff）结果相差24 pcm（1pcm=10-5），而采用P0阶近似多群截面与连续点截面计算的keff结果相差较大。由此说明蒙特卡罗多群数据库的制作方法和所开发的程序是正确的，同时，中子各向异性散射对铅基快堆计算结果影响较大，故制作蒙特卡罗多群数据库时应加入中子散射角数据。      

快堆用蒙特卡罗多群数据库制作方法研究

Based on the discrete angle method, a Monte Carlo multi-group cross section generation program MGXSMC was developed. This program can read the cross section data from an input file or read the cross section from a library in a specified format to generate the multi-group cross section for MCNP or RMC. The corresponding index file list can be automatically generated. The two-dimensional two-group IAEA pressurized water reactor (PWR) benchmark and lead-based fast reactor (RBEC-M) benchmark were used to verify the cross section library generated by the MGXSMC program. The calculation results show that the difference between the calculated result of the P5 order approximate multigroup section and the continuous point cross section is 24 pcm (1pcm = 10-5), and the difference of the keff result calculated by the P0 order approximate multigroup section and the continuous point section is large. This shows that the method and the program developed for the Monte Carlo Group Section Library are correct. At the same time, the neutron anisotropic scattering has a large impact on the calculation results of the lead-based fast reactor. Therefore, when the Monte Carlo Group Section library is produced, the neutron scattering angle data should be added.